Showing papers in "Journal of Psychoactive Drugs in 1986"
TL;DR: The widc,pre of psychedelic drug • ,>uch a Iy t:rgic acid dit:lh) IJmide (LSD), dunng Ihe 1960's and 1970' led 10 ev re reaclion by govern menIal agencies and pro criplion~ a '.lin~1 Iheir u e.
Abstract: (1986). Differences Between the Mechanism of Action of MDMA, MBDB, and the Classic Hallucinogens. Identification of a New Therapeutic Class: Entactogens. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, MDMA: Proceedings of the Conference, pp. 305-313.
468 citations
TL;DR: The psychological effects of MDMA were first relaboratory of Alexander Shulgin, Ph.D., who had colported in 1978 by Shulkin and Nichols and was no synthesis, and was synthesized in the actual or possible pregnancy.
Abstract: (1986). Subjective Reports of the Effects of MDMA in a Clinical Setting. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, MDMA: Proceedings of the Conference, pp. 319-327.
381 citations
208 citations
TL;DR: Up to 1972, MDMA was entered with the phenethylamine exists in the literature representing the results of laboraname, and since then the heterocyclic term benzodioxole-5i tory studies and scientific experimentation with ethanamine has been the root name.
Abstract: (1986). The Background and Chemistry of MDMA. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, MDMA: Proceedings of the Conference, pp. 291-304.
205 citations
TL;DR: The findings support the general impression among knowledgeable professionals that MDMA is reasonably safe, produces positive mood changes in users, does not cause negative problems (if used sparingly and episodically) and is without evidence of abuse.
Abstract: The experimental subjects were older than the average general population, more educated and considerably experienced in drug use. They considered themselves to have benefited by their MDMA experience, with no evidence of harm. There were moderate, consistent biochemical, cardiovascular and neurobehavioral changes within normal limits that peaked between one and two hours following ingestion, returning to predrug levels within 24 hours. This experimental situation produced no observed or reported psychological or physiological damage, either during the 24-hour study period or during the three-month follow-up period. While the subjects are not typical of the general population, the findings support the general impression among knowledgeable professionals that MDMA is reasonably safe, produces positive mood changes in users, does not cause negative problems (if used sparingly and episodically) and is without evidence of abuse. Certainly, any drug that causes ataxia, elevates blood pressure and pulse is potentially unsafe. One can say little about safety when effects and side effects are studied for only 24 hours and then a blood cytology is obtained after three months. In this study, safety must exclude long-term toxicity. Not enough is known about MDMA's long-range effects other than information from random anecdotal evidence supplied by a few clinicians plus self-reports by unselected and unsupervised users. From the information presented here, one can only say that MDMA, at the doses tested, has remarkably consistent and predictable psychological effects that are transient and free of clinically apparent major toxicity. The experimental subjects believed that MDMA is both safe and beneficial, but there is insufficient evidence to accurately judge either the drug's potential harm or benefit.
204 citations
TL;DR: Diagnostic Criteria for Codependency and the Family, pp. 15-20.
Abstract: (1986). Diagnostic Criteria for Codependency. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, Drug Dependency and the Family, pp. 15-20.
110 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the relationship between MDMA and human sexual function, and found that it was associated with increased sexual function in women. But they did not discuss the effect of MDMA on men.
Abstract: (1986). MDMA and Human Sexual Function. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, MDMA: Proceedings of the Conference, pp. 355-359.
104 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss non-medical use and use of MDMA for nonmedical purposes and propose a nonmedical application of the drug in the treatment of mental health problems.
Abstract: (1986). MDMA: Nonmedical Use and Intoxication. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, MDMA: Proceedings of the Conference, pp. 349-354.
103 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the issues of staff burnout in Therapeutic Communities are discussed. But they do not consider the effects of mental health conditions on the quality of care provided.
Abstract: (1986). The Issues of Staff Burnout in Therapeutic Communities. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, The Therapeutic Community: The Third Decade, pp. 247-251.
92 citations
92 citations
TL;DR: The Stay 'N Out Therapeutic Community: Prison Treatment for Substance Abusers as discussed by the authors is an example of such a treatment model, which is based on the stay-out-of-the-court approach.
Abstract: (1986). The Stay 'N Out Therapeutic Community: Prison Treatment for Substance Abusers. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, The Therapeutic Community: The Third Decade, pp. 221-230.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an analysis of the effect of MDMA on the street using analysis anonymous and the Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, No. 4.
Abstract: (1986). MDMA on the Street: Analysis Anonymous®. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, MDMA: Proceedings of the Conference, pp. 363-369.
TL;DR: The wife turned herself inside out searching cai and theoretical ascendancy of biological psychiatry, herself for the secret to the mystery of his recalcitrance in this author's search for new methods and distance.
Abstract: (1986). Meetings at the Edge with Adam: A Man for All Seasons? Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, MDMA: Proceedings of the Conference, pp. 329-333.
TL;DR: A non-experimental case study of 7 male adolescent sex offenders who were court mandated to a residential treatment facility in Southern California found that juvenile substance abuse may be an indicator of poor judgement and coupled with family violence may be a predictor of sexual violence.
Abstract: VioLit summary OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article by Mio et al. was to examine the relationship between substance abuse and adolescent sex offenders. METHODOLOGY: This was a non-experimental case study of 7 male adolescent sex offenders who were court mandated to a residential treatment facility in Southern California. The family history of crime, violence and substance abuse, and the juvenile's history of crime, violence, substance abuse, suicide attempts, peer crime and runaway status were examined in a questionnaire administered a licensed clinical social worker and the houseparent staff. Demographic characteristics were noted as well. No statistical analysis of the data was done conducted. FINDINGS/DISCUSSION: Six of the adolescents had committed incest and the remaining one had committed a non-incest sexual offense. Six offenders used marijuana or its derivatives, four used stimulants, amphetamines, and uppers/speed, and one used no drugs. Four of the offender's family members used stimulants, amphetamines, upper/speed, and marijuana or its derivatives, two used no drugs. Other drugs used were sedatives/barbiturates, Valium/downers, cocaine, dust/THC/PCP and heroin. The sex offenders had typically negative relationships with either their real or step parents, and siblings. Four out of the seven fathers abused the mothers, while in one case the mother fought back. Four of the adolescents had been raped, three were emotionally and physically abused and one was sexually abused. Two had attempted suicide. All 7 sex offenders committed a variety of crimes, including auto theft, assault, shoplifting and child molestation. AUTHORS' RECOMMENDATIONS: The author stated that juvenile substance abuse may be a indicator of poor judgement. This coupled with family violence may be a predictor of sexual violence. (CSPV Abstract - Copyright © 1992-2007 by the Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence, Institute of Behavioral Science, Regents of the University of Colorado) KW - Case Studies KW - Juvenile Offender KW - Juvenile Male KW - Juvenile Violence KW - Male Violence KW - Male Offender KW - Drug Use Effects KW - Sexual Assault Causes KW - Sexual Assault Predictors KW - Sexual Assault Risk Factors KW - Sexual Assault Offender KW - Domestic Violence Victim KW - Domestic Violence Effects KW - Child Abuse Effects KW - Child Abuse Victim KW - Juvenile Victim KW - Juvenile Substance Use KW - Parent Substance Use KW - Family Relations KW - Family Substance Use KW - California KW - Child Physical Abuse Victim KW - Child Physical Abuse Effects KW - Victim Turned Offender KW - Child Abuse-Violence Link KW - Substance Use Effects Language: en
TL;DR: This study highlights the need to understand more fully the rationale behind the continued use of these methods, as well as their applications in the treatment of alcohol and drug abuse.
Abstract: †This study was supported by a grant from the Office of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Programing, University of Minnesota.
TL;DR: In June 1985, only four representatives had any attempting to gauge the prevalence of MDMA use, and a general stated that "MDMA... has yet to show any signs of survey of Americans will fred only a few percent, at most, widespread availability."
Abstract: (1986). Some Considerations on the Prevalence of MDMA Use. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, MDMA: Proceedings of the Conference, pp. 361-362.
TL;DR: In order for brothers and sisters to welcome the former scapegoat back home, they must make room for the returning member, not as a drug abuser but as a person, and allow him/her to find a new role of achievement, success identity and inclusion within the total family system.
Abstract: Successful family therapy for drug dependence on the part of an adolescent must include sensitivity to the roles that other siblings play in the family system. Therapists must be aware of the possible infectiousness of substance abuse from an older sibling to a younger sibling. The sabotaging positions and roles that siblings play in relationship to the drug abuser must receive the kind of attention in family therapy that allows a loosening of these roles. What too often happens is a tightening of the grip on these positions when the drug dependent adolescent is identified as the patient, client or the one with the problems as well as the one who is responsible for the family's pain. Without an emphasis on confronting needed changes by others in the sibling subsystem, the recovering adolescent will experience a deep discouragement from a lack of genuine support from brothers and sisters. Feelings of failure and inferiority will point in the direction of rejection and a likely return to an identity as sick, bad and delinquent. Sabotaging siblings understandably fear changes in the familiar family positions and functions. However, in order for these brothers and sisters to welcome the former scapegoat back home, they must make room for the returning member, not as a drug abuser but as a person. They must allow him/her to find a new role of achievement, success identity and inclusion within the total family system, and provide acceptance as a truly valued sibling.
TL;DR: The task is to find ways to build structure in the outpatient treatment that is adequate to the changing needs of recovering clients, and enrich their offerings to their existing components and improve the potential of a long-term successful outcome for everyone.
Abstract: The basic treatment principles for addiction are consistent, regardless of whether the drug of choice is alcohol, heroin or cocaine. However, attention to the distinctive characteristics of both a particular class of drugs, such as stimulants, and the populations that use them, gives counselors and programs a distinct advantage in treatment. This advantage is particularly powerful in the early stages of treatment, in which simply increasing the time of retention improves the possibility of a positive outcome. Programs that wish to address the needs of the newer cocaine-abusing population seeking treatment need to focus more on the outpatient phase of treatment. In this model, the residential stage is seen as the launching platform for the recovery process, rather than the time period when the major transformations will occur. The task is to find ways to build structure in the outpatient treatment that is adequate to the changing needs of recovering clients. By so doing, programs will enrich their offerings to their existing components and most likely improve the potential of a long-term successful outcome for everyone.
TL;DR: The Therapeutic Community and Human Services in the 1980's: The Third Decade, the authors, Vol. 18, No. 2, p. 283-286, pp.
Abstract: (1986). The Therapeutic Community and Human Services in the 1980's. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, The Therapeutic Community: The Third Decade, pp. 283-286.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe changing attitudes and policies toward alcohol use in the Therapeutic Community. But they do not discuss the role of the government in these changes. And they focus only on the treatment of alcohol.
Abstract: (1986). Changing Attitudes and Policies Toward Alcohol Use in the Therapeutic Community. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, The Therapeutic Community: The Third Decade, pp. 253-260.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a heterodox programing in Drug-free Residential Treatment for Addiction using a Theoretical Position from Evolutionary Biology, which they call To Fill the Void.
Abstract: (1986). To Fill the Void: Heterodox Programing in Drug-free Residential Treatment for Addiction—Utilizing a Theoretical Position From Evolutionary Biology. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs: Vol. 18, The Therapeutic Community: The Third Decade, pp. 267-275.