Showing papers in "Journal of Soil Mechanics & Foundations Div in 1970"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a mathematical model for the formation of a team of joined rocks, based on the idea that a particULAR JOINT was assumed to OCCUR at a given location.
Abstract: VASILESCU SUGGESTS THAT ROCK MECHANICS IS A NATURAL SCIENCE, ALTHOUGH THE AUTHOR IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEM BEING DISCUSSED, CONSIDERS THAT ROCK MECHANICS IS A BRANCH OF ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICALLY BASED METHODS OF DESCRIBING ROCK BEHAVIOR ARE NOT ONLY APPROPRIATE, BUT EXTREMELY POWERFUL. IN THE DESIGN OF EXCAVATIONS IN JOINT ROCK, ROCK MECHANICS IS VERY USEFUL. TERZAGHI OFTEN EXPRESSED THE VIEW THAT GEOLOGICAL UNCERTAINTIES LIMITED THE RELIABILITY OF ANALYSES IN WHICH A PARTICULAR JOINT WAS ASSUMED TO OCCUR AT A GIVEN LOCATION. THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL ENABLES THE EXTREME CASES TO BE STUDIED THROUGH PARAMETER STUDIES AND STATISTICAL METHODS. REPORTS ISSUED: A MODEL FOR THE MECHANICS OF JOINTED ROCK, RICHARD E. GOODMAN, ROBERT L. TAYLOR, TOR L. BREKKE, ASCE PROC. PAPER 5937, MAY 1968.
630 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of a study on the effect of the shape of the SPIRAL curve on the stability of the SLIDING SURFACES.
Abstract: MR CHEN DOES NOT AGREE WITH THE AUTHOR IN THE CONCLUSION THAT THERE IS NO JUSTIFICATION FOR ASSUMING THAT THE SHAPE OF THE SPIRAL IS DETERMINED BY THE VALUE OF THE ANGLE OF SHEARING RESISTANCE THE RESULTS REPORTED EMPHASIZE THE POINT THAT THE PARTICULAR CHOICE OF THE ANGLE OF THE SPIRAL CURVE BEING EQUAL TO THE ANGLE OF SHEARING RESISTANCE OF THE SOIL IS A VERY PROPER ONE THE VARIOUS NORMAL STRESS ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE CIRCULAR ARC SLIP SURFACE LEAD ONLY TO MINOR DIFFERENCES IN THE STABILITY CONDITIONS, AS POINTED OUT BY TAYLOR THE RESULTS REPORTED BY THE AUTHOR FURTHER DEMONSTRATE THAT THE STABILITY CONDITIONS ARE NOT SENSITIVE TO THE VARIOUS SHAPES OF THE SPIRAL SURFACE FOR WHICH THE CIRCULAR ARC IS A SPECIAL CASE THE PROBLEM OF FINDING THE DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION IS STATED THE USE OF SPIRAL SURFACE OF THE ANGLE DOES NOT REQUIRE THE ASSUMPTION OF NORMAL STRESS DISTRIBUTION ALONG THE SURFACE AND, IN ADDITION, PERMITS THE STABILITY PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED IN A RELATIVELY SIMPLE MATHEMATICAL FORM MR DA SILVEIRA PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF STUDY ON THE QUESTION OF SHEARING FORCES ON VERTICAL PLANES, WHICH ARE CONNECTED TO THE VALIDITY OF THE HYPOTHESIS OF SLIP SURFACES FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF THE LIMIT EQUILIBRIUM OF SOILS THE METHOD OF VIRTUAL WORK GIVES THE SAFETY FACTOR AS THE RATIO BETWEEN THE RESISTING WORK FORCES TO THE WORK REALIZED BY DISTURBING FORCES, IF ONLY TANGENTIAL FORCES, APPLIED ALONG THE SLIDING SURFACES, ARE CONSIDERED RESULTS PRESENTED IN A TABLE EXPRESS CONCLUSIVELY THAT THE CYLINDER OF REVOLUTION MUST BE THE SLIDING SURFACE CORRESPONDING TO THE LIMIT EQUILIBRIUM FOR THIS LOADING CASE A DIGITAL COMPUTING PROGRAM CAN BE EASILY MODIFIED TO BE USED FOR CHECKING DIFFERENT SLIDING SURFACES AND THE EFFECT OF ANY LOAD GROUPS REFERENCES: CIRCULAR AND LOGARITHMIC SPIRAL SLIP SURFACES, ERIC SPENCER, ASCE PROC PAPER 6361, JANUARY 1969
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors agreed with OLSEN and CHEN this article that the use of power-specification technology would be useful in providing the APPROPRIATE DYNAMIC MATERIAL PROPERTIES of the SOILS.
Abstract: THE WRITERS AGREE WITH OLSEN AND CHEN'S REMARKS REGARDING THE IMPORTANCE OF THE FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INPUT BASE MOTIONS. THE WRITERS EXAMINED THE INFLUENCE OF THESE FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS IN A SUBSEQUENT PAPER. THE USE OF POWER SPECTRAL TECHNIQUES WOULD BE USEFUL PROVIDING THE APPROPRIATE DYNAMIC MATERIAL PROPERTIES OF THE SOILS ARE INCORPORATED IN THE ANALYSIS. SINCE THE EXAMPLE DOES NOT REPRESENT CORRECT MATERIAL PROPERTIES, IT IS SUGGESTED THAT ADDITIONAL ANALYSES ARE REQUIRED TO EXAMINE THE USEFULNESS OF POWER SPECTRAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF SOIL DEPOSITS. REPORTS ISSUED: SEISMIC RESPONSE OF HORIZONTAL SOIL LAYERS, I.M. IDRISS, H. BOLTON SEED, ASCE PROC. PAPER 6043, JULY 1968.
3 citations
TL;DR: The main difference between the two theories is that the former assumes total stress is time-independent, while the latter assumes that total stress changes are time-inclusive this paper.However, this paper pointed out that the latter does not account for total stress.
Abstract: MR. VIGGIANI SUGGESTS MODIFICATIONS TO THE AUTHOR'S COMPARISON WITH THE THEORY OF TERZAGHI-RENDULIC. THE EQUATIONS OF BIOT-MANDEL MUST BE CAST INTO A SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT FORM. THESE EQUATIONS ARE PRESENTED, WITH CORRESPONDING ONES OF TERZAGHI-RENDULIC. THE MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE TWO THEORIES IS THAT BIOT-MANDEL MAKES ALLOWANCE FOR TOTAL STRESS CHANGES DURING CONSOLIDATION WHILE THE TERZAGHI-RENDULIC ASSUMPTION IS THAT TOTAL STRESSES ARE TIME-INDEPENDENT. MESSRS. DAVIS AND POULOS FEEL THAT THE METHOD OF PRESENTATION USED BY THE AUTHORS OVEREMPHASIZES THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE APPROXIMATE DIFFUSION SOLUTION AND THE CORRECT BIOT SOLUTION IN REGARD TO PORE PRESSURES. THEY PRESENT A DIFFUSION-TYPE EQUATION CONSISTENT WITH THE BIOT THEORY FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL CONDITIONS DERIVED BY GIBSON AND LUMB. IT IS SHOWN THAT UNDER REASONABLY LOGICAL INTERPRETATION, THE APPROXIMATE DIFFUSION THEORY IS CAPABLE OF PREDICTING CONSOLIDATION BEHAVIOR UNDER TWO- AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRAIN CONDITIONS WITH AN ACCURACY SUFFICIENT FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES. REFERENCES: AN ANALYSIS OF CONSOLIDATION THEORIES, ROBERT L. SHIFFMAN, ALBERT T-F. CHEN, JANE C. JORDAN, ASCE PROC. PAPER 6370, JANUARY 1969.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was pointed out that any error due to this assumption would be relatively small and would not lead to the most critical results. But it should be recognized that even though the assumption is justifiable on the ground of EXPEDIENCY, it will not NECESSARILY LEAD to the MOST CRITICAL RESULTS.
Abstract: MR. CHEN INTERPRETS THE RESULTS PRESENTED IN THE PAPER AS SHOWING THAT THE ANGLE OF THE SPIRAL CURVE IS EQUAL TO THE ANGLE OF THE SHEARING RESISTANCE. IT IS POINTED OUT THAT THE RESULTS WERE OBTAINED USING A METHOD OF ANALYSIS IN WHICH THE INTER-SLICE FORCES WERE ASSUMED TO BE PARALLEL. HOWEVER, THE ASSUMPTION THAT THE ANGLE OF THE SPIRAL CURVE EQUALS THE SHEARING RESISTANCE WOULD LEAD TO SIMPLIFICATION IN THE ANALYSIS OF SOME STABILITY PROBLEMS. THE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT ANY ERROR DUE TO THIS ASSUMPTION WOULD PROBABLY BE SMALL. HOWEVER, IT SHOULD BE RECOGNIZED THAT ALTHOUGH THE ASSUMPTION IS JUSTIFIABLE ON THE GROUNDS OF EXPEDIENCY, IT WILL NOT NECESSARILY LEAD TO THE MOST CRITICAL RESULTS. THE PROBLEM OF SHEAR TRANSVERSE WAS GIVEN ONLY BRIEF MENTION. THE SUBJECT WAS INTRODUCED TO DRAW ATTENTION TO THE IMPORTANCE OF CONSIDERING TRANSVERSE SHEAR IN CASES WHERE THE SLIP SURFACE IS NEITHER STRAIGHT NOR CIRCULAR IN CROSS SECTION SO THAT FAILURE MUST BE ACCOMPANIED BY DISTORTION. THE AUTHOR AGREES WITH DA SILVEIRA'S STATEMENT THAT EXTRA WORK WILL HAVE TO BE DONE TO CAUSE THIS DISTORTION. REFERENCE: CIRCULAR AND LOGARITHMIC SPIRAL SLIP SURFACES, ERIC SPENCER, ASCE PROCEEDINGS PAPER 6361, JANUARY, 1969.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, MITCHELL and HOUSTON this article investigated the causes of the leaching process in the early stages of the slow-clay process and found that the number of Ionic rats in the peewee water was very low.
Abstract: THE AUTHORS ARE COMMENDED FOR THEIR ANALYSIS OF CLAY SENSITIVITY AND ITS CAUSES. RECENT EXPERIMENTS ARE DISCUSSED WHICH HAVE REVEALED UNKNOWN ASPECTS OF THE LEACHING PROCESS. A POSSIBLE NEW INDEX OF WEATHERING AND AN EXPLANATION OF THE SENSITIVITY OF THE ILLITIC-CHLORITIC QUICK CLAYS WERE REVEALED. THE EVIDENCE IS THAT LEACHING OCCURRED FROM BELOW AND THAT THE MAGNESIUM CONTENT HAS AT SOME TIME BEEN REDUCED TO VERY LOW LEVELS THROUGHOUT THE PROFILE. IONIC RATIOS APPEAR INADEQUATE AS INDICATORS OF WEATHERING IN EXPLAINING THE GEOTECHNICAL BEHAVIOR OF MARINE QUICK CLAYS. THE MOST IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION IS THE TOTAL CONCENTRATION OF SPECIFIC IONS IN THE PORE WATER. REFERENCES: CAUSES OF CLAY SENSITIVITY, JAMES K. MITCHELL, WILLIAM N. HOUSTON, ASCE PROC. PAPER 6568, MAY 1969.
1 citations
TL;DR: Goughnour and Andersland as mentioned in this paper showed that the CREEP BEHAVIOR of FROZEN SAND is similar to that of MARIE CLAY.
Abstract: THE WRITERS APPRECIATE REMARKS BY AKILI AND AGREE THAT THE CREEP BEHAVIOR OF FROZEN CLAYS IS SIMILAR IN MANY RESPECTS TO THE CREEP BEHAVIOR OF FROZEN SAND. A FIGURE PRESENTS SOME UNPUBLISHED DATA ON FROZEN SAULT STE. MARIE CLAY SUBJECTED TO AN APPROXIMATELY CONSTANT AXIAL STRAIN RATE. THE FROZEN CLAY, WITH ABOUT 96% SATURATION AND AN UNFROZEN WATER CONTENT CLOSE TO 12% GAVE AN ICE DENSITY OF 0.776 G PER CC WHEN CONSIDERING BOTH UNFROZEN WATER AND AIR AS VOIDS IN THE ICE MATRIX. A LINEAR RELATIONSHIP WAS ASSUMED FOR ADJUSTING THE STRESSES TO A VALUE FOR AN ICE DENSITY OF 0.900 G PER CC. A VERTICAL TIME SCALE WAS USED TO PLOT THE TIME-STRAIN CURVE FOR THE FROZEN CLAY. THE STRESS-STRAIN CURVE COMPUTED FOR ICE BASED ON THIS TIME-STRAIN PLOT WAS USED TO DETERMINE STRESS FACTORS. THE FROZEN CLAY DATA GIVE AN INITIAL STRESS FACTOR VALUE FOLLOWED BY AN APPROXIMATELY LINEAR INCREASE WITH STRAIN. ANOTHER FIGURE COMPARES THE COMPUTED TIME-STRAIN VALUES FOR THE FROZEN CLAY, SUBJECTED TO CONSTANT STRESS, WITH EXPERIMENTAL DATA. THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN PREDICTED BEHAVIOR AND ACTUAL EXPERIMENTAL DATA IS GOOD AND IT APPEARS THAT THE OVERALL CREEP BEHAVIOR OF FROZEN SAND AND FROZEN CLAYS ARE QUITE SIMILAR. REPORTS ISSUED: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A SAND-ICE SYSTEM, ROY R. GOUGHNOUR, O.B. ANDERSLAND, ASCE PROC. PAPER 6030, JULY 1968.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors note a TRANSCRIPTION error in FIGURE 9 of the original PAPER in which the UNITS for EPICENTRAL DISTANCE in the ABSCISSA should have been designed in KILOMETERS RATHER THAN IN MILES.
Abstract: THE AUTHORS NOTE A TRANSCRIPTION ERROR IN FIGURE 9 OF THE ORIGINAL PAPER IN WHICH THE UNITS FOR EPICENTRAL DISTANCE IN THE ABSCISSA SHOULD HAVE BEEN DESIGNATED IN KILOMETERS RATHER THAN IN MILES. THIS CHANGE WOULD AFFECT THE POSITIONS OF THE CURVES ATTRIBUTED TO GUTENBERG AND RICHTER IN TWO FIGURES, INCREASING THE SPEED OF THE PLOTTED RESULTS AS SHOWN IN A PRESENTED FIGURE FOR EARTHQUAKES FOR MAGNITUDE OF M = 7. HOWEVER ANOTHER FIGURE SHOWS THAT THE EFFECT OF THESE CHANGES ON THE VALUES FINALLY RECOMMENDED IS VERY SMALL. REFERENCES: CHARACTERISTICS OF ROCK MOTIONS DURING EARTHQUAKES, H. BOLTON SEED, I. M. IDRISS, FRED W. KIEFER, ASCE PROCEEDINGS PAPER 6783, SEPTEMBER, 1969.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Alterman discusses the effect of underground wall conditions on the performance of underground soil-construction systems, and shows that CONCEPTS from CONTINUUM MECHANICS LEAD to realist analysis of soil-structure interaction.
Abstract: THE COMMENTS BY ALTERMAN ARE APPRECIATED, AS IS HIS EMPHASIS ON RELIABLE MEASUREMENTS ON PROTOTYPE SOIL-STRUCTURE SYSTEMS. THE FIELD COMPACTION PROCEDURE FOR THE SOIL BACKFILL AND THE CULVERT BEDDING CONDITIONS INFLUENCE GREATLY THE MAGNITUDE OF BENDING MOMENTS WHICH DEVELOP IN THE CULVERT WALL. SINCE IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO MODEL THE FIELD INSTALLATION IN SMALL SIZE EXPERIMENTS, THE INFLUENCE OF BEDDING CONDITIONS WAS DISCUSSED. THE WRITER DOES NOT BELIEVE THAT THE TANGENTIAL WALL DISPLACEMENTS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY RESTRAINED BY THE WAY THE TEST SECTION WAS DESIGNED. THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA SHOWED THAT CONCEPTS FROM CONTINUUM MECHANICS LEAD TO REALISTIC ANALYSIS OF SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION. HOWEVER THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD OF ANALYSIS CAN NOW BE USED TO MAKE SUCH A STUDY MORE GENERAL AND TO CONSIDER FIELD SITUATIONS. REPORTS ISSUED: STRESSES AGAINST UNDERGROUND STRUCTURAL CYLINDERS, KAARE HOEG, ASCE PROC. PAPER 6022, JULY 1968.
1 citations