Journal of The Japan Petroleum Institute 

About: Journal of The Japan Petroleum Institute is an academic journal published by Japan Petroleum Institute. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Catalysis & Hydrodesulfurization. It has an ISSN identifier of 1346-8804. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 2298 publications have been published receiving 11885 citations.

Liquid fuel production using microalgae

Abstract: Recently, biomass has attracted much attention as a renewable energy resource. Microalgae are particularly promising biomass species because of the high growth rate and high CO 2 fixation ability compared to plants. Effective liquid fuel production from microalgae was studied using Botryococcus braunii and Dunaliella tertiolecta, which accumulated terpenoid hydrocarbon and glycerol, respectively. B. braunii could remove nitrogen and phosphorus from secondarily treated sewage (STS) in a batch system and a continuous bioreactor system with hydrocarbon production. The intracellular glycerol content could be controlled by post-translational modifications in D. tertiolecta. B. braunii is more profitable for liquid fuel production than D. tertiolecta based on calculating the energy balance.

An overview of hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation

Abstract: Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) of petroleum products and intermediates are reviewed to provide the basis for developing processes to produce gasoline and diesel oil with very low sulfur content. The reactivity, selectivity and inhibition (susceptibility of substrate molecules to inhibitors) in the catalytic process are very important to develop efficient processes. Recent advances in the understanding of active species, supports and supporting methods are also critically reviewed to suggest the design of catalysts with adequate activity to satisfy future regulations on transportation fuels. Details of the structures of the catalysts are not discussed, but the mechanisms of hydrodesulfurization and inhibition are summarized. Catalyst deactivation and reactor design are also briefly reviewed. New approaches to achieve deep hydrodesulfurization are proposed.

High Potential of Interzeolite Conversion Method for Zeolite Synthesis

Abstract: Zeolites are a class of microporous crystalline aluminosilicates with a special type of pore system that are widely used in adsorption, catalysis, and ion-exchange applications. This diversity of applications is possible because of their unusual properties such as unique framework, high internal surface area, solid acidity, and molecular sieve and ion-exchange properties. In general, medium-to-large pore size and high-silica zeolites are synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of amorphous aluminosilicate hydrogel as a starting material in the presence of various organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs). According to the International Zeolite Association (IZA), 206 framework types of zeolites have been registered until now1). However, the OSDAs occlude the cages and pores in the final zeolite, and must be removed, generally by calcination at high temperatures, which generates harmful gaseous pollutants. Furthermore, the use of expensive OSDAs also increases the cost of the zeolite. Therefore, recent development toward OSDA-free zeolite synthesis using seed crystals has attracted considerable attention, and several research groups have succeeded in OSDA-free synthesis2)~11). In most zeolite syntheses, an amorphous phase is directly converted to a given type of zeolite, but the transformation is usually gradual and follows the sequence: amorphous phase→ less stable zeolite→most stable zeolite. On this basis, several researchers have pointed out the high potential of another method for zeolite formation, based on the hydrothermal conversion of one zeolite type into another type (interzeolite conversion)12)~29). This study describes our recent investigations of the synthesis of several types of zeolites by interzeolite conversion of FAU (the three characters indicate the framework type code), beta (hereinafter, *BEA), and LEV type zeolites in the presence and absence of OSDAs30)~44), and reviews the potential of interzeolite conversion as an alternative method for zeolite synthesis.

固体塩基触媒: 塩基点の発現, キャラクタリゼーションおよび触媒作用

Abstract: Studies of solid base catalysis performed in our group are summarized. Strongly basic sites for most solid base catalysts are generated by removal of water and carbon dioxide by pretreatment at high temperatures from the surfaces. The nature of the surface basic sites varies with the severity of the pretreatment conditions. Rearrangement of surface and bulk atoms occurs, in addition to the removal of water and carbon dioxide, during the pretreatment. The optimum pretreatment temperature varies with the type of reaction. Characterization of basic sites by the indicator method, TPD of CO 2 , O exchange between adsorbed CO 2 and MgO surface, NMR of 133 Cs and 19 F are described. The catalytic behaviors of solid base catalysts are described for the following reactions; (I) double bond migration, (2) hydrogenation, (3) amination, (4) aldol addition, (5) nitroaldol reaction, (6) Michael addition, (7) conjugate addition of alcohol, (8) cyanoethylation, (9) transesterification of ethyl acetate and alcoholysis of propylene oxide, and (10) the Tishchenko reaction. The strength of basic sites relevant to different reactions is discussed based on the activity order among alkaline earth oxides, and the optimum pretreatment temperatures of MgO for different reactions. Reactions with hydrocarbons need strongly basic sites, whereas reactions with compounds containing functional groups proceed even on weakly basic sites. Finally, important issues to be investigated for the development of solid base catalysis are pointed out.

Derivation of PVT Correlations for the Gulf of Suez Crude Oils.

Abstract: Proper evaluation of physical properties of hydrocarbon mixtures is a prerequisite for the design of various stages of oil field operations. In many cases these properties are required at a time when the only information available consists of oil and gas gravities and reservoir pressure and temperature.The purpose of this study is to utilize a sufficient base of laboratory-measured PVT data to derive specific empirical correlations for the prediction of the saturation pressure Pb, gas in solution Rs and formation volume factor βo of Gulf of Suez crude oil systems, oAPI of which ranges from 25 up to 40. Our tool in this work is some of regression analyses techniques.The correlations are based on 90 experimentally measured data which represent about 30 independent reservoirs. These data are expressed in terms of the usually measured field parameters-flash separation gas-oil ratio, tank oil gravity, surface gas gravity (at separator conditions) and reservoir temperature.Derived correlations are valid within the ranges used for the above mentioned variables (GOR, T, γg). The gases are relatively free from non-hydrocarbons. Statistical accuracy tests show that the application of derived correlations for Egyptian reservoirs gives more accuracy than the known correlations (Standing and Glaso). The use of the derived relationships requires no graphs nor charts, and their applicability is convenient to use with the computer or calculator.