Showing papers in "Kybernetes in 2012"
TL;DR: The Business Model Canvas provides a flexible template for capturing the nine essential parts of a business model, which can best be described through nine basic building blocks that show the logic of how a company intends to make money.
Abstract: “Design Tomorrow’s Enterprises” Upstart technologies and lightning-fast implementation drive various new business models that are radically altering industries and commerce. Just look at how Apple’s iPod has revolutionized the music industry, how Skype has turned the telecommunications field upside down and how Grameen Bank has “popularized microlending” as a new form of finance. A business model – defined as “the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers and captures value” – can launch an entrepreneur’s new idea or readjust the thrust of an existing company. The Swatch Group is a case in point: Previously specializing in high-end watches, the Swiss company diversified into the production of the low-priced Swatch line of watches in response to Asian rivals. The Swatch Group has thrived in both the upper and lower segments of its market largely because it chose to serve these segments by using different business models. Swatch is an example of a company that manages not just one but a “portfolio” of business models. Constructing a Business Model Strategizing an innovative business model, a process which sometimes can resemble structured chaos, demands a fresh approach to creativity. The “Business Model Canvas” delivers a framework for focused brainstorming and staff inspiration. Major companies such as Ericsson, IBM and Deloitte have adopted it for their “business model generation.” The Business Model Canvas provides a flexible template for capturing the nine essential parts of a business model. The “canvas” is usually a large piece of paper with sections “In today’s climate, it’s best to assume that most business models, even successful ones, will have a short lifespan.” “A business model can best be described through nine basic building blocks that show the logic of how a company intends to make money.”
604 citations
TL;DR: Drawing from multiple streams of research including social psychology, organizational learning, knowledge management, information systems and so forth, this research developed an integrated theoretical model that was validated within the context of a single empirical study.
Abstract: Purpose – Knowledge sharing has been recognized as a positive force for the survival of an organization but the factors that promote or discourage knowledge sharing behaviors in the organizational context are poorly understood. The purpose of this paper is to enhance our collective understanding of the factors affecting knowledge sharing behaviors of knowledge workers in the organizational context.Design/methodology/approach – Drawing from multiple streams of research including social psychology, organizational learning, knowledge management, information systems and so forth, this research developed an integrated theoretical model. The Theory of Planned Behavior model, motivation theory, social exchange theory, economic exchange theory and self determination theory were employed here. In total, 180 responses from ten companies in China were collected.Findings – The theoretical model was validated within the context of a single empirical study. The findings provided significant statistical support for the ...
121 citations
75 citations
TL;DR: Fuzzy cognitive maps are presented as a possible way to solve problems of a complex dynamic system description by knowledge‐based means followed by description of migration algorithms as their adaptation means.
Abstract: Purpose – Conventional rule‐based systems are insufficient for description of complex dynamic systems requiring nontrivial decision procedures. Fuzzy cognitive maps seem to be convenient to overcome these limitations. However, they lack ability of self‐learning and therefore some adaptation approaches are needed. The purpose of this paper is both to show the use of fuzzy cognitive maps for such systems and to present migration algorithms as convenient adaptation means.Design/methodology/approach – Some problems of a complex dynamic system description by knowledge‐based means are discussed. Fuzzy cognitive maps are presented as a possible way to solve these problems followed by description of migration algorithms as their adaptation means. Their use is clarified on an example of the so‐called parking problem based on path planning using a graph search algorithm and a traffic simulation system.Findings – After series of simulations the reality of the proposed system and selected methods with their modificat...
66 citations
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58 citations
56 citations
55 citations
TL;DR: The paper discusses the fact that the increasing prevalence of globalization is driven by a number of factors including growing consumers in developing countries, technological progress, and worldwide workforce diversity.
Abstract: Purpose – While many organizations are starting to use business intelligence (BI) in many areas of their businesses and make substantial gains, they have taken little advantage of this in the human resources (HR) management area. The purpose of this paper is to advance BI and data analytics technologies as precursors to the design of HR management protocols and database strategies.Design/methodology/approach – The paper discusses the fact that the increasing prevalence of globalization is driven by a number of factors including growing consumers in developing countries, technological progress, and worldwide workforce diversity. HR departments of global companies must implement BI techniques and assemble global databases that obtain information such as employee's attrition and hiring, compensation and benefits, ethnic, gender, cultural, and nationality distributions. By applying advanced analytical techniques on the global database, human resources professionals will acquire intelligent business insight, p...
40 citations
TL;DR: The author's project vulnerability management process permits one to concentrate directly on the existing weaknesses of a project system, which may create potential damages regarding the project values creation.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop the concept of project vulnerability in order to focus on the weaknesses of a project system, instead of focusing on risk evaluation only. The paper concentrates on a systems thinking‐based view to highlight the potentially endangered elements of a project, including its outcomes.Design/methodology/approach – The paper gives a broad state of the art in many scientific domains; a definition of project vulnerability; a description of a project vulnerability management process, including identification, analysis and response plan; and a test on an industrial case study.Findings – The author's project vulnerability management process permits one to concentrate directly on the existing weaknesses of a project system, which may create potential damages regarding the project values creation. By focusing on this system, response plans may be more adapted to the existing short comings of the project.Research limitations/implications – Some aspects of the vulnerabil...
33 citations
29 citations
TL;DR: Cluster supply chain (CSC) is a new management paradigm and enhances the competitiveness of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) through integrating the advantages of supply chain and industrial cluster.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to give some theoretical suggestions and practical approaches in support of the implementation of “cluster supply chain” (CSC), which is a new management paradigm and enhances the competitiveness of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) through integrating the advantages of supply chain and industrial cluster.Design/methodology/approach – A case study of cluster supply chain is carried out applied to JingCheng Mechanical and Electrical Holding Co. Ltd (JCH), which explains the advantages and challenges of implementing the new business pattern. Data presented and analyzed include pre‐CSC and CSC performance of participants.Findings – The paper clarifies the following questions: When do small firms use cluster supply chain to run a business? How do small firms use cluster supply chain? What effects does the application of CSC strategy have on SMEs' competitive performance?Practical implications – The application of CSC strategy can help SMEs to face the global challenges...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare two methods for coordinating traffic lights: a static optimization "green wave" method and an adaptive self-organizing method, and show that traffic light coordination can be improved in cities by using selforganizing methods.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare qualitatively two methods for coordinating traffic lights: a static optimization “green wave” method and an adaptive self‐organizing method.Design/methodology/approach – Statistical results were obtained from implementing a recently proposed model of city traffic based on elementary cellular automata in a computer simulation.Findings – The self‐organizing method delivers considerable improvements over the green‐wave method. Seven dynamical regimes and six phase transitions are identified and analyzed for the self‐organizing method.Practical implications – The paper shows that traffic light coordination can be improved in cities by using self‐organizing methods.Social implications – This improvement can have a noticeable effect on the quality of life of citizens.Originality/value – Understanding how self‐organization obtains adaptive solutions for complex problems can contribute to building more efficient systems.
TL;DR: Deontical impure systems are systems whose object set is formed by an s-impure set, whose elements are perceptuales significances of material and/or energetic objects (absolute beings) and whose relational set is freeways of relations.
Abstract: Purpose – Deontical impure systems are systems whose object set is formed by an s-impure set, whose elements are perceptuales significances (relative beings) of material and/or energetic objects (absolute beings) and whose relational set is freeways of relations, formed by sheaves of relations going in two-way directions and at least one of its relations has deontical properties such as permission, prohibition, obligation and faculty. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Mathematical and logical development of human society ethical and normative structure. Findings – Existence of relations with positive imperative modality (obligation) would constitute the skeleton of the system. Negative imperative modality (prohibition) would be the immunological system of protection of the system. Modality permission the muscular system, that gives the necessary flexibility. Four theorems have been formulated based on Godel's theorem demonstrating the inconsistency or incompleteness of ...
TL;DR: This book is a cross-cultural reference volume of all attested numerical notation systems (graphic, nonphonetic systems for representing numbers), encompassing more than 100 such systems used over the past 5,500 years, using a cultural phylogenetic framework to show relationships between systems and to create a general theory of change in numerical systems.
Abstract: Th is book is a cross-cultural reference volume of all attested numerical notation systems (graphic, nonphonetic systems for representing numbers), encompassing more than 100 such systems used over the past 5,500 years. Using a typology that defi es progressive, unilinear evolutionary models of change, Stephen Chrisomalis identifi es fi ve basic types of numerical notation systems, using a cultural phylogenetic framework to show relationships between systems and to create a general theory of change in numerical systems. Numerical notation systems are primarily representational systems, not computational technologies. Cognitive factors that help explain how numerical systems change relate to general principles, such as conciseness and avoidance of ambiguity, which also apply to writing systems. Th e transformation and replacement of numerical notation systems relate to specifi c social, economic, and technological changes, such as the development of the printing press and the expansion of the global world-system.
TL;DR: The Veblenian pec uniary‐industrial dichotomy and rural‐urban disparities are shown to be interrelated evolutionary consequences of pecuniary culture.
Abstract: Purpose – Despite the worldwide importance of third sector organizations in rural areas, the theoretical connection between the third sector and rural development remains largely unexplored. The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical explanation of why and how third sector organizations contribute to rural development.Design/methodology/approach – The paper builds upon the institutional economics of Thorstein Veblen and the tektology of Alexander Bogdanov. Tektology is used as an instrument to bring Veblenian criticism of pecuniary culture to bear on the explanation of the rural third sector.Findings – Based on the tektological law of systems divergence, the Veblenian pecuniary‐industrial dichotomy and rural‐urban disparities are shown to be interrelated evolutionary consequences of pecuniary culture. Third sector organizations' contribution to rural development is explained in terms of the tektological notion of counter‐differentiation. Applied to pecuniary culture, counter‐differentiation inv...
TL;DR: The results of the empirical study show that the proposed method is practical for ranking competing vendors in term...
Abstract: Purpose – Considering the limitation of the single stage vendor selection model, this paper proposes a two‐stage vendor selection framework for IT outsourcing in microfinance banks.Design/methodology/approach – The paper attempts to realize a complete analysis at company level using grey systems theory for shaping the relations among variables. With the social choice function – Dodgson function, the first stage is a trial phase that helps the decision‐maker find the potential vendors, then, the decision‐maker employs those chosen vendors for the final selection with modified grey relational analysis (GRA) integrated analytic network process (ANP), which emphasizes the interrelation among those selection criteria, and avoids the subjective estimation of experts and practitioners. The case of a microfinance bank IT outsourcing vendor selection is used to verify the proposed approach.Findings – The results of the empirical study show that the proposed method is practical for ranking competing vendors in term...
TL;DR: The paper discusses the fact that the increasing prevalence of globalization is driven by a number of factors, including shortage of talent in developed countries, availability of low‐cost labor, growing consumers in developing countries, technological progress and worldwide workforce diversity.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to advance information systems, research and strategies to manage global human resources. The influx of diversity candidates into the marketplace is driving the wheels of change. With an increase in minorities and international workforce in advanced education and professional positions, employers are choosing to embrace diversity. Those that successfully make this transition will prosper in this new century and beyond. A culturally diverse workforce provides an enriched environment for the development of new ideas, fresh perspectives and innovative methodologies.Design/methodology/approach – The paper discusses the fact that the increasing prevalence of globalization is driven by a number of factors, including shortage of talent in developed countries, availability of low‐cost labor, growing consumers in developing countries, technological progress and worldwide workforce diversity. Human Resources (HR) departments of global companies must assemble global databases t...
TL;DR: The coupling of the CPG with real gait on the prosthesis was proven, and it was found that the maximum knee angle reached during walking is proportional to gait speed.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to generate a virtual knee angle reference to be followed by a knee prosthesis control, using an adaptive central pattern generator (CPG). Also, to study the feasibility of this approach to implement a continuous control strategy on the prosthesis.Design/methodology/approach – A CPG based on amplitude controlled phase oscillators (ACPOs) to track the current percentage of gait cycle on the prosthesis is proposed. Then, the virtual knee angle reference is generated along gait cycle, by interpolation with the corresponding angle of a sound knee. The structure and coupling of the CPG, as well as the control strategy are presented.Findings – The coupling of the CPG with real gait on the prosthesis was proven, regardless of gait speed. Also, it was found that the maximum knee angle reached during walking is proportional to gait speed. Finally, generation of virtual knee angle reference to be followed by a prosthesis is demonstrated.Research limitations/implications – As o...
TL;DR: The paper shows that a more satisfied result can be obtained with an uncertain model than with a meticulous model on a certain situation, and suggests that the tendency to concentrate on a complicated model isn't always necessary when faced with the condition of incomplete information and inaccurate data.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show which models, uncertain or certain, simple or complicated, are more suitable when they are faced with incomplete information and inaccurate data.Design/methodology/approach – The characteristics of fuzzy mathematics, grey system theory, rough set theory and the basic characteristics of incomplete information and inaccurate data in uncertain systems are analysed.Findings – The similarities and differences among fuzzy mathematics, grey system theory, rough set theory and probability statistics are compared. The principle of simplicity of scientific theories, methods, and models are discussed.Practical implications – It is suggested that the tendency to concentrate on a complicated model isn't always necessary when faced with the condition of incomplete information and inaccurate data.Originality/value – The paper shows that a more satisfied result can be obtained with an uncertain model than with a meticulous model on a certain situation.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors put together cybernetics principles determining the possibilities of interaction between two or more goal-oriented systems to show that they are determining the patterns of societal organization, too.
Abstract: Purpose – The paper seeks to put together cybernetics principles determining the possibilities of interaction between two or more goal‐oriented systems to show that they are determining the patterns of societal organization, tooDesign/methodology/approach – Goal‐orientation and decision‐rules, as found in simple feedback systems, and Ashby's Law of requisite variety are repeatedly applied to investigate the cybernetic possibilities for the interaction and organization of goal‐oriented systemsFindings – The interaction of goal‐oriented systems can lead directly to conflict, cooperation or hierarchy Out of conflict and cooperation there is a further tendency to develop hierarchies And in a diversifying environment a hierarchical higher system can grow, get suppressive or perish It is shown how all this abstract cybernetic reasoning applies to societal organization, too: laws follow the form of decision‐rules of feedback systems Institutions making laws have to define the elements of such decision‐rule
TL;DR: The idea of the paper is to show how a systems study changed the basis for deciding on an incisive interference planned for a lovely alpine valley, using a quantitative, system‐dynamics simulation model and standard economic evaluation methods.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the potential of making the systems approach fertile for the future of our world(s).Design/methodology/approach – Underpinned by a significant case study, the idea of the paper is to show how a systems study changed the basis for deciding on an incisive interference planned for a lovely alpine valley. The study builds on a qualitative conceptual model and reverts to a quantitative, system‐dynamics simulation model, as well as standard economic evaluation methods. The decision process is explained with its outcomes and implications.Findings – The study found, among others, the following concrete result: The optimal variant (Case B) required an additional investment for its realization. According to the calculations that were carried out, the period needed for the amortization of the pertinent amount was found to be no more than 0.9 to 1.6 years. It became clear that the most expensive variant was indeed a very good business proposition for the Austrian ...
TL;DR: An integrated leapfrogging mode of technological innovation for developing countries or latecomer enterprises in a certain industrial innovation field is presented and main risk variables need to be extracted from the process of the integrated leapFrogging innovation.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present an integrated leapfrogging mode of technological innovation for developing countries or latecomer enterprises in a certain industrial innovation field. Furthermore, this paper discusses the basic paradigm of the integrated leapfrogging innovation, analyzes the risk in the integrated leapfrogging mode, and describes the risk map of the integrated leapfrogging mode. Finally, taking the example of the integrated leapfrogging mode of technological innovation in developing China High‐speed Railway, this paper carries out the simulation analysis by employing system dynamics model.Design/methodology/approach – In order to examine the impact of the integrated leapfrogging innovation risk on innovative achievements, main risk variables need to be extracted from the process of the integrated leapfrogging innovation, based on the system simulation, relationships among different variables and the impact on innovative achievements can be obtained.Findings – To prevent ...
TL;DR: A novel image edge detection algorithm is presented by combining grey prediction model and discrete wavelet transform with advantages such as precisely locating, abundant weak edge, and better anti-noise performance comparing the classical edge detection operator methods.
Abstract: Purpose – Image edge detection is an essential issue in image processing and computer vision. The purpose of this paper is to provide a novel and effective algorithm for image edge detection.Design/methodology/approach – Because GM (1,1) model is a typical model for tendency analysis, GM (1,1) model can be used for detecting edge. Prediction image data are close to the original image data by reason of the data being smooth in the non‐edge zone of image. The principle of edge detection by GM (1,1) model is that the predicted value at an edge point will be an overestimate or underestimate owing to the data changing drastically in the edge zone of the image. First, the edge image information is obtained by a preprocessed image subtracting from prediction image via GM (1,1). Second, median filter is used to eliminate isolated point noise in edge information images, and discrete wavelet transform is used to extract the image edge. Finally, this paper verifies the proposed algorithm by experiment.Findings – Exp...
TL;DR: Empirical results show that the price‐volume correlation in China metal futures market is multifractal and that long range correlation and non‐Gaussian probability dist...
Abstract: Purpose – Recently, many scholars have been paying more attention to studying the existence and application of multifractality. However, most researches concentrate on studying multifractal features of returns or volume separately, and ignore the correlation between them. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to give an empirical test on multifractal features of price‐volume correlation in China metal futures market and then to conduct a comparative analysis from time and space dimensions, in order to better understand metals futures market behavior.Design/methodology/approach – This paper gives an empirical test by means of multifractal detrended cross‐correlation analysis (MF‐DCCA) approach, which is a technique employed in statistical physics to detect multifractal features of two cross‐correlated nonstationary time series.Findings – Empirical results show that the price‐volume correlation in China metal futures market is multifractal and that long range correlation and non‐Gaussian probability dist...
TL;DR: The purpose of this paper is to resolve the problem of 3D modelling of small objects lacking or without real texture, using an automatic, practical, convenient and effective method.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to resolve the problem of 3D modelling of small objects lacking or without real texture, using an automatic, practical, convenient and effective method.Design/methodology/approach – For each space feature point projected on the surface of the target small object, there are two corresponding 2D points existing. One is an image point in one of the image sequences from the digital camera; another is a point in the slide from the projector. Using the image processing method, the image point can be extracted out accurately so that its 2D coordinates are gained. At the same time, the slide point is designed first so that its 2D coordinates are calculated by the known data. The 3D coordinates of the space feature point can be computed by the space forward intersection.Findings – The projector‐camera system is composed of a slide projector, a digital camera, a control ground, and a computer. The computer controls the other three pieces of equipment, working together automati...
TL;DR: The comparison of the results between conventional fuzzy method and dynamic fuzzy method could give some further insights about global climate development and sustainability, as well as about differences between the two approaches.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the common use of Delphi method, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and dynamic fuzzy cognitive maps (DFCM) for development of future scenarios in correlation with climate warnings.Design/methodology/approach – The developed global model is based on a cognitive map composed of 28 factors. Among these factors two are independent, namely human consciousness and living standard. These two factors represent the most important levers of control within the designed model. Two approaches to scenario development have been applied, so that the comparison of the results between conventional fuzzy method and dynamic fuzzy method could give some further insights about global climate development and sustainability, as well as about differences between the two approaches.Findings – Results of the first model (no‐time‐delay in cause‐effect relation) show that in general there is no absolute convergence to a single vector C(tn+1) for various initial values for C(0). But an ...
TL;DR: This paper attempts to extend classic absolute degree of grey incidence so that the extended model can be used for grey number sequences and introduces the comparison method of grey numbers for sorting the different absolute degrees of incidences.
Abstract: Purpose – This paper attempts to extend classic absolute degree of grey incidence so that the extended model can be used for grey number sequences.Design/methodology/approach – The classic absolute degree of grey incidence was extended according to basic principles of grey incidence analysis. First, modelling methods and theories of the classic grey incidences were summarized. Then, the zeroing starting operator in grey incidence was extended for grey sequence. Third, the parameters in classic incidence degree were redefined, and an absolute degree of grey incidence for grey number sequences was proposed. The degree can not only be applied to grey number sequence, but also contains the uncertain information of analysis result. Fourth, two non‐linear programming models were constructed to estimate the grey coverage interval of absolute degree of incidences. Finally, the comparison method of grey numbers was introduced for sorting the different absolute degrees of incidences.Findings – A theoretically feasi...
TL;DR: It is suggested that enterprise awareness of importance of business ethics implementation can be of essential meaning for its long‐term existence, success, growth, and development.
Abstract: Purpose – The presence and use of the informal and formal measures of business ethics implementation may be crucial and should therefore be known to managers/owners. Based on the case study research, this paper aims to suggest that enterprise awareness of importance of business ethics implementation can be of essential meaning for its long‐term existence, success, growth, and development. The purpose of this paper is to discover the presence and use of the informal and formal measures of business ethics implementation and to identify their importance for active measure care by the enterprises.Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, qualitative research is applied. The research cognitions on informal and formal measures of business ethics implementation are discussed in application of the dialectical systems theory.Findings – The paper finds that on one side the enterprises' key stakeholders (owners and managers) are aware of the importance of their ethical behaviour as well as of impact of their ethi...
TL;DR: It is found that the plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum develops a minimal approximation of a transport network spanning urban areas, which matches autobahn network very well.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop experimental laboratory biological techniques for approximation of principle transport networks, optimizing transport links, and developing optimal solutions to current transport problems. It also aims to study how slime mould of Physarum polycephalum approximate autobahn networks in Germany.Design/methodology/approach – The paper considers the 21 most populous urban areas in Germany. It represents these areas with source of nutrients placed in the positions of slime mould growing substrate corresponding to the areas. At the beginning of each experiment slime mould is inoculated in the Berlin area. Slime mould exhibits foraging behavior and spans sources of nutrients (which represent urban areas) with a network of protoplasmic tubes (which approximate vehicular transport networks). The study analyzes structure of transport networks developed by slime mould and compares it with families of known proximity graphs. It also imitates slime‐mould response to sim...
TL;DR: The internal mechanism of the logistics outsourcing cost of risk systems is illustrated by virtue of system dynamic principles, to develop a system dynamics model, and to give a quite detailed description of how the model could work.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to use systemic thinking to explain and predict the cost of logistics outsourcing, and to devise policies to minimize the cost of risk.Design/methodology/approach – A method of system dynamics is adopted to capture the dynamic interaction of logistics outsourcing systems and to analyze the impact of some factors in the system on policy decisions over a long‐term horizon.Findings – This paper illustrates the internal mechanism of the logistics outsourcing cost of risk systems by virtue of system dynamic principles, to develop a system dynamics model, and to give a quite detailed description of how the model could work.Practical implications – The results of the simulation analysis provide useful information for logistics outsourcing risk managers.Originality/value – This paper contributes to the discussion on the use of system dynamics for studying logistics outsourcing cost of risk.