Showing papers in "Psicologia Em Estudo in 2007"
TL;DR: In this article, a sistematización of the result obtained from traves of un estudio bibliografico desarrollando two temas: familia and adolescencia.
Abstract: La familia ha pasado por innumerables transformaciones, principalmente estructurales, a lo largo de las ultimas decadas, siendo, por lo tanto, en la actualidad, pasible de multiples tipos de soluciones. Sin embargo, las funciones basicas de la institucion familiar a lo largo del proceso de desarrollo de sus miembros siguen iguales. Frente a esta realidad, la adolescencia y las relaciones familiares en esta fase han sido foco de numerosos estudios. Esta investigacion tuvo como objetivo presentar una sistematizacion de los resultados obtenidos a traves de un estudio bibliografico desarrollando dos temas: familia y adolescencia. La literatura consultada senala que las transformaciones ocurridas en la sociedad, en la estructura familiar y la forma como los padres fueron educados, provocaron dificultades en lo que se refiere a la educacion de los hijos, principalmente en la adolescencia. Ademas de eso, la iniciacion sexual precoz y la drogadiccion preocupan a los padres. Se concluye que hacen falta mas investigaciones referentes a la problematica familiar en la adolescencia, considerando principalmente temas como drogadiccion y sexualidad.
111 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a systematization of the results obtained through a bibliographic study involving two themes: family and adolescence, concluding that more research should be conducted on family issues and adolescence taking into consideration issues such as sexuality and substance abuse.
Abstract: The family has been undergoing uncountless changes along the last decades, specially regarding its structure. Thus, nowadays, it has become subject to various kinds of adjustments. However, the basic functions of the family institution, the process of the psychological development of its members, remain the same. In view of this reality, adolescence and family relations have been the focus of a number of studies. The purpose of this research was to present a systematization of the results obtained through a bibliographic study involving two themes: family and adolescence. The referenced literature points out that the changes which occurred in the society, in the family structure and, in the way parents were raised have caused difficulties as regards the children's education, specially in the adolescence. Moreover, the early sexual initiation and drug addiction problem have been a concern to parents. It was concluded that more research should be conducted on family issues and adolescence, taking into consideration issues such as sexuality and substance abuse.
72 citations
TL;DR: The main purpose of as mentioned in this paper is to describe socio-emotional characteristics of the gifted and highlight the need for counseling to the gifted, their families and an educational system that recognizes and attends the gifted needs in the several spheres - intellectual, social and emotional.
Abstract: The main purpose of the article is to describe socio-emotional characteristics of the gifted. It is noted that, in spite of its importance, this dimension has received less attention than the cognitive abilities and educational needs of gifted children in the literature of the field. Among other aspects, the asynchronous development, perfectionism, high levels of sensibility, underachievement are discussed, describing factors related to these aspects, as well as studies focusing several socio-emotional characteristics of the gifted. The article finalizes highlighting the need of counseling to the gifted and their families and an educational system that recognizes and attends the gifted needs in the several spheres - intellectual, social and emotional.
51 citations
TL;DR: The situación de tratamiento odontologico is potencialmente ansiogenica for todos los involucrados. as mentioned in this paper describe how aspectos clinicos -in especial los invasivos, tales como la inyeccion de la anestesia -and aspectos relacionados a los comportamientos del profesional pueden generar ansiedad and respuestas de elusion al trat amiento.
Abstract: La situacion de tratamiento odontologico es potencialmente ansiogenica para todos los involucrados. Del punto de vista del paciente, aspectos clinicos - en especial los invasivos, tales como la inyeccion de la anestesia - y aspectos relacionados a los comportamientos del profesional pueden generar ansiedad y respuestas de elusion al tratamiento. Para el cirujano dentista, la necesidad de lidiar con la ansiedad del paciente, que requiere, muchas veces, estrategias diferenciadas de manejo del comportamiento, ademas de toda exigencia por la perfeccion tecnica y actualizacion de conocimientos clinicos, pueden volver estresante su rutina de trabajo. La situacion se agrava a medida que la formacion del profesional de odontologia sea deficiente en la adquisicion de conocimientos teoricos y practicos sobre la relacion profesional-paciente y estrategias de manejo de comportamientos.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed pregnant women's reports concerning the imagined baby in whom the mother invested her libido in order to constitute a subjective space to receive the baby of reality.
Abstract: Based on the literature, the mother's construction of the imagined baby during pregnancy is discussed. Reports of pregnant women who were in the third trimester of pregnancy at the beginning of the study are presented. They were interviewed at the end of pregnancy and in the baby's third and eighth month. In these interviews the feelings and expectations concerning motherhood and the baby were explored. Based on psychoanalytic theory we analyzed the pregnant women's reports concerning the imagined baby in whom the mother invests her libido in order to constitute a subjective space to receive the baby of reality. From this study it is suggested that the imagined baby has an important impact on the future mother-infant interaction.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, 262 estudantes do ensino medio da rede publica de Florianopolis, Brazil, participated in a trabalho to diagnose a representacao social da aids de adolescentes, and examinar a relacao of a representação com o conhecimento cientifico sobre a aids.
Abstract: Os objetivos deste trabalho sao diagnosticar a estrutura da representacao social da aids de adolescentes, e examinar a relacao desta representacao com o conhecimento cientifico sobre a aids. Participaram 262 estudantes do ensino medio da rede publica de Florianopolis. Utilizou-se um questionario auto-aplicado, um teste de evocacao livre e um teste de conhecimento cientifico sobre o HIV/Aids. Realizaram-se analises estruturais empregando os programas informaticos Evocation e Similitude 2000. Os dados evidenciaram que a representacao da aids e composta pelos elementos centrais: doenca, morte, medo, sofrimento e preconceito, elementos ja constatados por estudos anteriores; acrescidos de dois novos elementos: prevencao e responsabilidade. Mais da metade dos alunos (55%) nao foi considerada cientificamente bem informada sobre o HIV/Aids. Pode-se verificar o poder da prevencao da aids, caracteristicamente pragmatica, na mentalidade destes alunos, na medida em que eles enfatizam a dimensao afetiva da representacao, em detrimento do conhecimento biomedico e cientifico da doenca.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a scale to measure the two main dimensions of vocational exploration (self exploration and environmental exploration) for university students and applied it to 384 university students (mean age 21.7 years), of which 65% were females.
Abstract: In the international literature exploratory behavior has been described as a fundamental aspect of lifelong career development. The aim of this study was to develop a scale to measure the two main dimensions of vocational exploration (self exploration and environmental exploration) for university students. The scale was applied to 384 university students (mean age 21.7 years), of which 65% were females. Two dimensions were identified by analysis of principal components and demonstrated the feasibility of the construct. Internal consistency scores (0.85 and 0.89) were found to be satisfactory. No significant gender differences in the context of self or of environmental exploration were found. Final year students showed higher environmental exploration than those from the first years. Although complementary studies are still required, results suggest that the scale is valid and reliable.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the association between psychological well-being and coping strategies in males and females and the differential profile between the genders is evaluated, showing that young women with a high psychological wellbeing when they take on an active stance in problem resolution are more likely to seek a state of belonging, intimate relationships and professional help.
Abstract: The association between psychological well-being and coping strategies in males and females and the differential profile between the genders are evaluated. Sample comprised 389 final year upper junior school young people from different regions in Porto Alegre RS Brazil. Results show young women with a high psychological well-being when they take on an active stance in problem resolution. On the other hand, young men demonstrate a high well-being when they seek a state of belonging, intimate relationships and professional help. Differential profile analysis between genders with regard to coping strategies identifies a discriminating function composed of nine variables. The latter are distributed differentially according to use of strategies involving socially built gender roles.
39 citations
TL;DR: A psicologia historico-cultural assume that o fator biologico determina a base das reacoes inatas dos individuos as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A psicologia historico-cultural assume que o fator biologico determina a base das reacoes inatas dos individuos. Sobre esta base se constitui todo o sistema de reacoes adquiridas, sendo estas determinadas mais pela estrutura do meio cultural da crianca do que pelas disposicoes biologicas. Se e por meio do processo de apropriacao da cultura que cada homem adquire as capacidades humanas, a compreensao atual acerca dos disturbios de aprendizagem pode ser reconfigurada, demonstrando que mediacoes adequadas e consistentes podem ter carater revolucionario para a aprendizagem, ao tornarem presente o talento cultural quando o talento biologico nao se revela como esperado.
35 citations
TL;DR: Analysis of psycho-occupational work undertaken by health professionals in a Child Oncology Clinic of a government public hospital indicates the importance of structural factors in determining professional stress and the need of greater institutional support and professional upgrading so that health professionals may better deal with the subjective aspects of health service and avoid the professional stress or burnout.
Abstract: Current research, based on qualitative methodology, analyzes the psycho-occupational work undertaken by health professionals in a Child Oncology Clinic of a government public hospital. Half-structured interviews, applied to nine health professionals, showed that difficulties in job organization, namely, lack of job acknowledgement, disadvantages in routine work, failures in staff coordination, precarious resources, poor administration procedures in the health service, the disease and treatment's peculiarities, and the child's death, are stress factors. Results indicate the importance of structural factors in determining professional stress and the need of greater institutional support and professional upgrading so that health professionals may better deal with the subjective aspects of health service and avoid the professional stress or burnout.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on the working reality of nursing technicians of an oncology ward of a hospital in Vitoria-ES, Brazil and found that the combination of these factors produced a working environment characterized as stressful and prone to cause a biased emotional atmosphere, and the need for establishing spaces where one might talk on the most varied feelings caused by working routines and producing psychological suffering was enhanced.
Abstract: Current research is focused on the working reality of nursing technicians of an oncology ward of a hospital in Vitoria-ES, Brazil. A hypothesis was foregrounded in which a type of multiple demands scenario, or rather, professionals experiencing constant expectations of emergency situations, concentration of seriously ill patients prone to become interned for too long a period, isolation, sudden oscillations in their general conditions, would likely contribute towards the establishment of a working environment that generates psychological suffering on the part of the health professionals. Data collecting techniques consisted of participants' observations and semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed according to qualitative methodology. Results indicated that the combination of these factors produced a working environment characterized as stressful and prone to cause a biased emotional atmosphere. Consequently, the need for establishing spaces where one might talk on the most varied feelings caused by working routines and producing psychological suffering was enhanced.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated associations between relational behavior and achievement in that context, taking children's sex into account, and found that achievement was more strongly associated with interpersonal behaviors for boys than for girls.
Abstract: The type of relationships a child establishes in kindergarten can affect his/her learning. The main purpose of this study was to investigate associations between relational behavior and achievement in that context, taking children's sex into account. Sixty-eight boys and 65 girls from public schools participated in the study. Their ages ranged from 5 to 7 years. Teachers filled out a scale assessing children's behaviors in relation to classroom tasks, teacher, and peers. Achievement was assessed by means of an evaluation of pre-reading skills. Results showed that girls were assessed more positively than boys. For both sexes, achievement measures correlated with behaviors related to tasks, peers, and teacher, in this order of strength. Achievement was more strongly related with interpersonal behaviors for boys than for girls. Some alternative explanations for boys' greater susceptibility to relational difficulties are discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the cognitive function performance between a group of 30 cannabis users and 30 non-users and found that the users' group showed more impaired performance in the Digit Symbol and in the WCST subtests.
Abstract: The objective of the study was to compare the cognitive function performance between a group of 30 cannabis users and a group of 30 non-users. The instruments used were a structured interview; Cognitive Screening (WISC - III and WAIS-III); WCST and Rey Complex Figure Test. The sample was 60 adolescents, aged from 14 to 17 from 5th grade on. The results showed that was statistically significant difference in the performance of the two groups in every neuropsychological test applied, and, in the Digit Symbol and in the WCST subtests, the users' group showed more impaired performance. The findings in this study it can be concluded that cannabis may affect the cognitive functions of adolescents.
TL;DR: The characteristics on the mother's and father's concept on actual and ideal paternal behavior are provided in this paper, where 30 couples (mean age 33 years old), with at least one child between 3-6 years old, participated in the investigation.
Abstract: The characteristics on the mother's and father's concept on actual and ideal paternal behavior are provided. Thirty couples (mean age 33 years old), with at least one child between 3-6 years old, participated in the investigation. Data collection was undertaken by filling a form with paternal style scales in which the respondents evaluated the behavior of the father in actual and ideal terms. Quantitative analysis of data showed no significant difference in the concepts of mother and father on what would be the ideal behavior of the father concerning the child. However, in real terms, there was a tendency of the fathers to evaluate their participation as more effective than the mothers had in mind. Finally, both parents considered that the paternal behavior ideal is distant from what actually occurs with regard to didactic and social interaction aspects, with the exception of discipline.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the values of beauty and intelligence assigned by adolescents to themselves to themselves and their potential partners, in a hypothetical and mutually exclusive manner, these characteristics were assessed to check which were the most valued for themselves and possible partners.
Abstract: The study sample comprised 180 adolescents aged 15 to 17 years, being 90 males and 90 females, attending high school and with different socioeconomic backgrounds. Genders and socioeconomic backgrounds were compared as to the values of beauty and intelligence assigned by adolescents to themselves. In a hypothetical and mutually exclusive manner, these characteristics were assessed to check which were the most valued for themselves and possible partners. The results demonstrated that boys with high socioeconomic background assigned higher intelligence scores for themselves. Adolescents of both genders from low socioeconomic background would like to have a higher level of intelligence instead of beauty, whereas adolescents from high socioeconomic background prefer a balance between beauty and intelligence. The girls assigned more value to intelligence in their partners than the boys, which assigned more value to beauty in their partners.
TL;DR: A research on breast cancer and family history undertaken during seven years at the Center of Applied Psychology of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) in Brazil is described in this paper.
Abstract: Essay comprises a research on breast cancer and family history undertaken during seven years at the Center of Applied Psychology of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora MG Brazil. Clinic data supplied by one of the voluntary families included in the UFJF research revealed such categories as marriage, religiosity and sex issues during interviews. The Silva family has a cultural identity typical of the Minas Gerais immigrant country family. An analysis has been undertaken on tradition within the contemporaneous milieu vis-a-vis the intergeneration transmission of culture in support values.
TL;DR: In this article, an artigo discute a construcao dos significados e sentidos da musica a partir da Psicologia Historico-Cultural, principalmente com a contribuicao de L. S. Vygotski, buscando tecer uma interface com as ideias dos musicoterapeutas noruegueses Even Ruud e Brynjulf Stige, com base na filosofia de Ludwig Wittgenstein.
Abstract: Este artigo discute a construcao dos significados e sentidos da musica a partir da Psicologia Historico-Cultural, principalmente com a contribuicao de L. S. Vygotski, buscando tecer uma interface com as ideias dos musicoterapeutas noruegueses Even Ruud e Brynjulf Stige, com base na filosofia de Ludwig Wittgenstein. Quando se vivencia a musica, nao se estabelece relacao apenas com a materia musical em si, mas com toda uma rede de significados construidos no mundo social, em contextos coletivos mais amplos e em contextos singulares. Dessa forma, os significados e sentidos da musica sao construidos a partir do contexto social, economico, politico, de vivencias concretas e da "utilizacao viva" da musica por sujeitos em relacao, onde articulam sua dimensao afetiva, desejos e motivacoes.
TL;DR: In this article, psychological and social conditions potentially related to traffic accidents involving bus drivers are identified, including extra work hours, work during vacations, medical leave, passengers' complaints, excessive daytime sleepiness, and concern about sleep, arriving late and family problems.
Abstract: Psychological and social conditions potentially related to traffic accidents involving bus drivers are identified. Participants were 457 drivers, males and employees of local public transportation companies of Natal, RN, Brazil. Questionnaire contained items on professional performance comprising potentially stressing situations, effects of organizational policies and socio- demographic characteristics, in addition to Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Variables highly associated to accident occurrences included extra work hours, work during vacations, medical leave, passengers' complaints, excessive daytime sleepiness, and concern about sleep, arriving late and family problems. Present time perspective was not related to involvement in accidents. Results suggest that involvement in traffic accidents may be avoided, or at least diminished, by an improvement in work conditions and through public policies of health and safety.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated how small entrepreneurs from Rio de Janeiro see professional activity, motherhood, and the conciliation of work and family, among other things, and found that, although maternity used to define the life of a woman, nowadays it does not seem sufficient for their personal satisfaction.
Abstract: This article presents part of the results of a study that investigated how small entrepreneurs from Rio de Janeiro see professional activity, motherhood, and the conciliation of work and family, among other things. Ours results point to the fact that, although maternity used to define the life of a woman, nowadays it does not seem sufficient for their personal satisfaction. For these entrepreneurs, the development of a professional activity, despite bringing them financial support, is mainly a fundamental part of their lives, something that was always present in life projects and plans. Despite that, maternity continues to be seen as essential for the full realization of a woman. Thus, these two spheres of action, house and work, which, at a first glance, seem mutually excluding, end up by being lived and adopted concomitantly in daily life, something that brings important consequences for the life of women nowadays.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship between vocational aptitudes and the processes of career commitment and entrenchment in different life stages, and found that investigative personalities showed higher career planning than the realistic and social types.
Abstract: This study investigated the relationship between vocational aptitudes and the processes of career commitment and entrenchment in different life stages. A sample of 733 professionals (415 male and 318 female) answered to measures of career commitment and career entrenchment. The subjects were categorized according to the predominant vocational interest found in Holland's typology. The analysis revealed interaction between life stage and vocational personality for career entrenchment scores. In middle adulthood the investigative personalities showed higher entrenchment if compared to realistic and enterprising ones. The enterprising personalities showed more career planning than the realistic and social types. The results suggested that career counseling interventions should also take 'interests' into consideration once they can act as indicators of abilities for career management.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the influence of religious affiliation on social skills of spouses and found that religious associations linked marital social skills more to common sense concepts than to religious teachings.
Abstract: ABSTRACT. The development and maintenance of social skills are influenced by many factors, including faiths and norms. Since, as a rule, religious faith regulates social behavior which includes relationships between spouses, the influence of religious affiliation on social skills is evaluated. Seventy-four couples (Catholic, Presbyterians and no religious affiliation) completed the Marital Social Skills Inventory (MSSI) and a personal data form. Catholic and Presbyterians also answered a questionnaire in which they showed their religious knowledge and another one where they were asked to establish their churches’ principles with regard to marital social skills. Results showed that: (1) the three groups presented no difference either in social skills indicators or in the influence of variables related to religious practice; (2) religious associations linked marital social skills more to common sense concepts than to religious teachings; 3) Presbyterians gave more importance to marital social skills than to religious teachings. Religious teaching may not be a determinant factor of marital social skills.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discutimos, brevemente, the influencia of las relaciones parentales and conyugales en familias de ninos preescolares con problemas de comportamiento exteriorizado.
Abstract: Investigadores han estudiado las relaciones familiares de ninos con problemas de comportamiento exteriorizado, sobretodo por sus implicaciones en el desarrollo humano, a lo largo del curso de vida. Los factores de riesgo que contribuyen para el surgimiento y manutencion de esos problemas estan relacionados a las caracteristicas del nino, a los procesos familiares y a las influencias de los pares, comunidades y escuelas. En este articulo, discutimos, brevemente, la influencia de las relaciones parentales y conyugales en familias de ninos preescolares con problemas de comportamiento exteriorizado. En el primer caso, el enfasis es dado a las practicas parentales y al nivel de estres parental; en lo que toca a las relaciones conyugales, es dado destaque a los modelos de interaccion en familias casadas y re-casadas y sus posibles implicaciones en las relaciones parentales. Por fin, presentamos algunas consideraciones respecto al rol de la cultura en el desarrollo de problemas de comportamiento exteriorizado y de la necesidad de investigar este tipo de problema bajo la perspectiva del desarrollo humano.
TL;DR: The present work examined some questions concerning the chronic disease, child development and resilience, and evidences showed that adaptation of chronic ill children is higher than would be expected.
Abstract: The present work examined some questions concerning the chronic disease, child development and resilience. Resilience is a developmental and health concept that refers to the children, adolescent and adults positive adaptation in the presence of adverse and risk circumstances, like is pediatric chronic disease. Currently there are few studies on the topic, but despite that, evidences showed that adaptation of chronic ill children is higher than would be expected. In contrast, some chronic ill children present emotional and behavior problems. Resilience related to pediatric chronic disease means a perspective change in health field because the focus is on child positive development. Practical applications of resilience findings are a challenge to health professionals.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze depression in adolescence from a perspective of psychopathology which discusses psychoanalysis theory and biological psychiatry, and find that depression is part of psychism and individual structure.
Abstract: This work analyzes depression in adolescence from a perspective of psychopathology which discusses psychoanalysis theory and biological psychiatry. Within this context, it is used the term of depression and the promise of cure through the adjustment of neuro-hormonal deficits which are expected to be offset by medications. Psychoanalysis fosters a differentiation between the terms depression and melancholia and correlates the depression concept with the the mourning due to the children's structure loss.Finally, four aspects are considered in characterizing the depression concept during the adolescence: (1) not all sadness manifestations or behavior changes are pathological; (2) it is part of psychism and individual structure; (3) it functions as a defense of psychism so as to protect the human being (4) it should be conceived as a mourning in the psychoanalyst meaning of the term which, after a certain time period, needs to be surpassed and libido embedded in other objects..
TL;DR: In this article, personal involvement for a better understanding of the relationship between an object and a population is provided, and the results show that independent variables (religion and nationality) failed to affect similarly the three dimensions of personal involvement (closeness, valorization of object and the act's perceived capacity).
Abstract: Personal involvement for a better understanding of the relationship between an object and a population is provided. Analysis implies in two independent variables, namely, nationality (French and Brazilian) and religion (Catholics and people without any religion). Parameter consisted of the participants' involvement with regard to a fictitious object (meals distributed by church people). Results show that independent variables (religion and nationality) failed to affect similarly the three dimensions of personal involvement (closeness, valorization of object and the act's perceived capacity). Interests on this issue were discussed for a better understanding of social phenomena.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the influence of religious affiliation on social skills and found that religious teaching may not be a determinant factor of marital social skills, while common sense concepts were more important than religious teachings.
Abstract: The development and maintenance of social skills are influenced by many factors, including faiths and norms. Since, as a rule, religious faith regulates social behavior which includes relationships between spouses, the influence of religious affiliation on social skills is evaluated. Seventy-four couples (Catholic, Presbyterians and no religious affiliation) completed the Marital Social Skills Inventory (MSSI) and a personal data form. Catholic and Presbyterians also answered a questionnaire in which they showed their religious knowledge and another one where they were asked to establish their churches' principles with regard to marital social skills. Results showed that: (1) the three groups presented no difference either in social skills indicators or in the influence of variables related to religious practice; (2) religious associations linked marital social skills more to common sense concepts than to religious teachings; 3) Presbyterians gave more importance to marital social skills than to religious teachings. Religious teaching may not be a determinant factor of marital social skills.
TL;DR: In this article, a study of the mortalidad por dependencia of alcohol in Brazil (1998-2002), utilizandose the causa basica de muerte de las estadisticas oficiales, se consideraron las muertes decurrentes de "trastornos mentales and de comportamiento debidos al uso de alcohol" (F10) of the Clasificacion Internacional de Enfermedades CID-10.
Abstract: Para analizar la mortalidad por dependencia de alcohol en el Brasil (1998-2002), utilizandose la causa basica de muerte de las estadisticas oficiales, se consideraron las muertes decurrentes de "trastornos mentales y de comportamiento debidos al uso de alcohol" (F10) de la Clasificacion Internacional de Enfermedades CID-10. En 2002 ocurrieron 4580 muertes masculinas y 515 femeninos por dependencia de alcohol, correspondiendo al 0,8% de las muertes masculinas y al 0,1% de las femeninas. Esos valores representan el 83,3% de las muertes por disturbios mentales en los hombres y el 34,8% en las mujeres. El coeficiente medio anual en el periodo 1998-2002 fue el de 5,8 muertes/100.000 hombres, con variaciones por gurpo de edad, siendo mayor entre los de 45 a 54 anos (16,0 obitos/100.000 hombres). Comparandose Brasil con Canada, esa mortalidad, aunque inferior, especialmente en las mujeres, es mucho mas precoz; el 46% de los casos ocurren entre 15 y 44 anos. La Region Sureste presento la mayor tasa de mortalidad masculina (6,6 obitos/100.000 hombres). Se apuntan los factores de subestimacion de la mortalidad en este estudio. Se trata de obitos evitables, y los hombres jovenes en la Region Sureste son el grupo prioritario en la promocion de salud y programas de recuperacion.