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Showing papers in "Revista de História in 2020"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors define four central characteristics of the Peruvian political economy in the era of developmentalism: the sequence of export bonanzas of various raw materials that limited the demand for industrial policy; the historical state weakness, largely the product of political instability; social fractures, with important ethnic and geographical dimensions; and the virtual absence of economists towards the beginning of the 1960s.
Abstract: We define four central characteristics of the Peruvian political economy in the era of developmentalism: the sequence of export bonanzas of various raw materials that limited the demand for industrial policy; the historical state weakness, largely the product of political instability; social fractures, with important ethnic and geographical dimensions; and the virtual absence of economists towards the beginning of the 1960s. The consensus of national economic-political power circles was and continues to be that the progress of the national economy demands little state intervention.

13 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the possibilities and limits of Global History for the study of societies prior to the Globalization process, and discuss the challenges and threats that occupy those who adopt Global History in the context of pre-modern societies, which are not the same ones to which the scholars of Globalization are interested.
Abstract: Global History is usually defined as the analysis of economic, cultural, technological globalization, as well as the processes associated with it, such as the emergence of a planetary consumer society, space exploration, nuclear threat, technological risks, environmental problems, etc. It is evident that, in this sense, Global History is not suitable for the study of pre-modern societies. The phenomena, challenges and threats that occupy those who adopt Global History in the study of societies prior to the 17th century are obviously not the same ones to which the scholars of Globalization are interested. The objective of this article is to discuss the possibilities and limits of Global History for the study of societies prior to the Globalization process.

6 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an artigo analisa a questao da discriminacao racial, abordando o tema no contexto da divulgacao e implementacao dos direitos constitucionais, no periodo de 1829 a 1833.
Abstract: Resumo O artigo analisa a questao da discriminacao racial, abordando o tema no contexto da divulgacao e implementacao dos direitos constitucionais, no periodo de 1829 a 1833. Investiga-se, em especial, de que forma o direito de cidadania contribuiu para o surgimento da discriminacao racial como agenda publica e ensejou novas maneiras de fazer politica. Usaram-se como fontes jornais que adotavam enfoques politicos e raciais, os quais foram tomados nao somente como fornecedores de informacoes, mas tambem como agentes, por sua capacidade de influir nos acontecimentos. Concomitantemente, foram aplicados a analise insights provenientes de estudos da area de direito e historia que enfatizam a importância de mudancas da ordem juridica para a compreensao da historia politica. Concluiu-se, principalmente, que a extensao do direito de cidadania aos homens livres de cor contribuiu para ampliar a influencia politica desse grupo, em um contexto de crescente partidarizacao da politica.

6 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The reception and influence of the Alliance for Progress in Venezuela during the 1960s (1961-1969) was analyzed in this paper, with the aim of promoting local development, and at the same time counteracting the impact of the Cuban Revolution.
Abstract: espanolEste trabajo analiza la recepcion e influencia de la Alianza para el Progreso en Venezuela durante los anos sesenta (1961-1969). El programa de asistencia estadounidense financio distintos proyectos sociales en paises de America Latina, con el objeto de promover el desarrollo local, y a la vez contrarrestar el impacto de la Revolucion Cubana (1959). Metodologicamente, la investigacion se nutrio de fuentes primarias, documentos oficiales venezolanos y estadounidenses, y revision de prensa contemporanea. En suma, se evidencia que si bien los recursos economicos enviados a Venezuela fueron inferiores a otras naciones, el respaldo politico de Estados Unidos fue fundamental para la consolidacion de lajoven democracia venezolana EnglishThis paper analyzes the reception and influence of the Alliance for Progress in Venezuela during the 1960s(1961-1969). The US assistance program financed various social projects in Latin American countries, with the aim of promoting local development, and at the same time counteracting the impact of the Cuban Revolution (1959). Methodologically, the research was nurtured from primary sources, official Venezuelan and American documents, and contemporary press review. In sum, it is evident that although the economic resources sent to Venezuela were inferior to other nations, the political support of the United States was fundamental for the consolidation of the young Venezuelan democracy

6 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A movimento negro organizado em Portugal no inicio do seculo XX, fundamentalmente por meio da analise da sua imprensa, buscar-se-a, de forma inedita, demonstrar a emergencia de um movimentório negro politicamente organised in Portugal.
Abstract: Resumo Entre 1911 e 1933 surgiu um movimento negro em Portugal que estava integrado no pan-africanismo internacional da epoca, lutou contra o racismo e iniciou um processo embrionario e ambivalente de questionamento do colonialismo. Durante a Primeira Republica Portuguesa (1910) e a ditadura do Estado Novo (1933), esta geracao fundou varios jornais e diversas organizacoes em Lisboa. No entanto, ate hoje existe um enorme silencio historiografico acerca deste movimento. Neste artigo, buscar-se-a, de forma inedita, demonstrar a emergencia de um movimento negro politicamente organizado em Portugal no inicio do seculo XX, fundamentalmente por meio da analise da sua imprensa.

5 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an artigo analisa o contexto do pos-Restauracao da monarquia portuguesa for identifying determinadas categorias politico-juridicas that frequentemente se vinculavam a nocao de direito de resistencia legitima.
Abstract: Este artigo analisa o contexto do pos-Restauracao da monarquia portuguesa para identificar determinadas categorias politico-juridicas que frequentemente se vinculavam a nocao de direito de resistencia legitima. Alem de identifica-las, tambem procura observar como se processou sua efervescencia, circulacao, recepcao e suas estrategias de manuseio e emprego na producao discursiva, e quica sua possivel adaptacao as conveniencias dos espacos ultramarinos.

4 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper proposed a historical approach to literary categories, magical realism and Marvelous Real, and analyzed their potentialities as interpretive models for the cultural history of Latin America, and demonstrated that its most recognized representatives, Miguel Angel Asturias and Alejo Carpentier, structured these contributions from a historicist perspective as trans-disciplinary models for cultural compression.
Abstract: The article proposes a historical approach to literary categories, magical realism and Marvelous Real. Their potentialities are analyzed as interpretive models for the cultural history of Latin America. It is intended to demonstrate that its most recognized representatives, Miguel Angel Asturias and Alejo Carpentier, structured these contributions from a historicist perspective as trans-disciplinary models for the cultural compression of Latin America.

4 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors analyzes the reception of the Alliance for Progress program in Brazil and analyzes its influence on the previous national developmentalism trajectory, the robust experiences with social-economic planning in a state shape, the leaning towards valorizing the protagonist action of the state and the existence of anindependent external policy project (PEI), in the strategic (and late) creation of the alliance for Progress by the United States, as well its weak presence and existence in Brazil.
Abstract: espanolO presente trabalho procura analisar a recepcao do programa Alianca para o Progresso no Brasil. A hipotese central investiga o peso que a anterior trajetoria nacional-desenvolvimentista, as experiencias robustas de planejamento economico-social de molde estatal, a inclinacao para a valorizacao da acao protagonista do Estado e a existencia de um projeto de politica externa independente (PEI) exerceram tanto na criacao estrategica (e tardia) da Alianca para o Progresso pelos Estados Unidos, quanto pela sua fraca presenca e duracao no Brasil EnglishThis paper analyzes the reception of the Alliance for Progress program in Brazil. The central hypothesis researchesthe influence of the previous national-developmentalism trajectory, the robust experiences with social-economic planning in a state shape, the leaning towards valorizing the protagonist action of the state and the existence of anindependent external policy project (PEI), in the strategic (and late) creation of the Alliance for Progress by the United States, as well its weak presence and existence in Brazil

3 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors examine concepciones de colapso y tiempo ciclico desde un punto de vista que, mas alla de su contenido especifico, busca estabelecer, eso es, si las fases de un ciclo o el derrumbe de un sistema social resultam de condiciones casuales o necessarias.
Abstract: Desde el punto de vista de la experiencia contemporanea de las crisis economicas y politicas determinadas por factores percibidos como incontrolables, este articulo vuelve a algunas de las mas importantes perspectivas historiograficas del siglo XIX hasta el XXI sobre el fenomeno. Se examinan concepciones de colapso y tiempo ciclico desde un punto de vista que, mas alla de su contenido especifico, busca estabelecer como cada concepcion aprehende la modalidad de su ocurrir, eso es, si las fases de un ciclo o el derrumbe de un sistema social resultam de condiciones casuales o necessarias.

2 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the Guggenheim process, operating system since 1926, is characterized and analyzed, and the technical characteristics and the impacts of the new mining procedure on the pampa (Maria Elena), on the railway (FCTT) and in the port of GUGgenheim (Tocopilla).
Abstract: espanolA traves de diversas fuentes documentales y hemerograficas, se caracteriza y analiza el devenir de un nuevo sistema tecnico y procedimental que significo? la reinvencion y la continuidad del ciclo de los nitratos en la zona del canton El Toco: hablamos del Guggenheim process, sistema operativo desde 1926. Se describen las particularidades tecnicas y los impactos del nuevo procedimiento minero en la pampa (Maria Elena), en el ferrocarril (FCTT) y en el puerto de los Guggenheim (Tocopilla). En ese tenor, queremos demostrar que el nuevo sistema y el ciclo minero que inaugura, que ademas de ser el exitoso resultado tecnologico, cientifico y logistico del enlace de dos tipos de mineria (la del cobre en Chuquicamata y la del salitre en El Toco) bajo el alero de Guggenheim Brothers, que si bien extendio el ciclo de los nitratos y descentro la hegemonia productiva de la zona de Tarapaca y Antofagasta, ademas de aumentar la escala de produccion y de obtener un mejor fertilizante, no pudo escapar a fuertes desfases tecnicos, tecnologicos y operativos, particularmente en su sistema portuario, situacion que constituyo la existencia dos tiempos tecnologicos dentro del propio entramado territorial que articulo entre la pampa y la costa. EnglishThrough various documentary and hemerographic sources, the evolution of a new technical and procedural system that meant the reinvention and continuity of the nitrate cycle in the area of the El Toco canton is characterizedand analyzed: we talk about the Guggenheim process, operating system since 1926. In this article, it is examinedand described the technical characteristics and the impacts of the new mining procedure on the pampa (Maria Elena), on the railway (FCTT) and in the port of Guggenheim (Tocopilla). We want to demonstrate that the new system and the mining cycle that it inaugurates, that in addition to being the successful technological, scientific and logistical result of the linking of two types of mining (that of copper in Chuquicamata and that of saltpeter in El Toco) under the eaves of the Guggenheim Brothers, which, although it extended the nitrate cycle and reduced the productive hegemony of the Tarapaca and Antofagasta area, in addition to increasing the production scale and obtaining a better fertilizer, it could not escape from strong technical lags, technological and operational, particularly in its port system, a situation that constituted the existence of two technological times within the territorial framework that was articulated between the pampas and the coast

2 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, Mariza de Carvalho et al. describe the Dialogos Makii de Francisco Alves de Souza: manuscrito de uma congregacao catolica de africanos.
Abstract: Resenha do livro: SOARES, Mariza de Carvalho (org.). Dialogos Makii de Francisco Alves de Souza: manuscrito de uma congregacao catolica de africanos Mina, 1786. Sao Paulo: Chao Editora, 2019. 238p.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, Benedito Junqueira Duarte realizar documentarios com medicos de diferentes instituicoes paulistas e com different laboratorios nacionais e internacionais, com grande repercussao na area da cirurgia cardiaca, momento de consolidacao de um novo campo de especializacao medica que tambem se instituia no pais.
Abstract: Resumo O objetivo deste artigo e compreender o papel desempenhado pelo uso de imagens medicas na producao do cinema documental no Brasil, especificamente na trajetoria do documentarista Benedito Junqueira Duarte. O cinema cientifico foi uma nova experiencia visual sobre a qual Duarte construiu parte importante de seu percurso profissional. De 1940 a 1954 os filmes produzidos tiveram como tema principal a cultura nacional, com documentarios que se referiam principalmente a educacao, em associacao com temas de saude, saude publica e espaco urbano. De fins dos anos 1950 ate fins dos anos 1960, Duarte passou a realizar documentarios com medicos de diferentes instituicoes paulistas e com diferentes laboratorios nacionais e internacionais, com grande repercussao na area da cirurgia cardiaca, momento de consolidacao de um novo campo de especializacao medica que tambem se instituia no pais.

Journal ArticleDOI
Abstract: espanolMaria Carolina Zapiola estudia el proceso de transformacion registrado en la infancia de los sectores populares en la ciudad de Buenos Aires. A partir del analisis de las instituciones de encierro de la capital argentina a fines del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX da cuenta de la exclusion de la ninez para su conversion en «menores» o sea una categoria en las que se les vincularia a la infraccion penal. EnglishMaria Carolina Zapiola studies the transformation process which was registered in the childhood of popular sectors in the city of Buenos Aires. Based on her analysis of the confinement institutions in the Argentinian Capital during the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, she reports how children are excluded and converted into «minors», a denomination or categorization which links them directly to criminal offences.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article present a metodologia for computo de fluxo populacional, desenvolvida em funcao da natureza das fontes e dos dados, bem como os resultados of nossos calculos sobre a populacao indigena livre e escrava recrutada - por vias legais e ilegais - ao longo de 70 anos, momento de intensa integracao da Amazonia colonial ao comercio atlântico.
Abstract: Resumo Este artigo estima o numero de indios incorporados a sociedade colonial do Estado do Maranhao e Grao-Para entre 1680 e 1750. Para tanto, reunimos dados e informacoes de fontes diversas, organizados em funcao da categoria laboral, ou estatuto juridico, pelo qual os indigenas se integravam. Desses dados, extraimos numeros e produzimos calculos, realizando algumas projecoes quando necessario. Por fim, comparamos as estimativas dos documentos de epoca com os resultados obtidos por nossos calculos. Em um esforco inedito, o presente artigo apresenta uma metodologia para computo de fluxo populacional, desenvolvida em funcao da natureza das fontes e dos dados, bem como os resultados de nossos calculos sobre a populacao indigena livre e escrava recrutada - por vias legais e ilegais - ao longo de 70 anos, momento de intensa integracao da Amazonia colonial ao comercio atlântico.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In a recent work as mentioned in this paper, the authors present an artigo analyzing dois debates juridicos muito proximos no tempo, that trataram de circunstâncias em torno de pessoas escravizadas.
Abstract: O objetivo do artigo e analisar conjuntamente dois debates juridicos muito proximos no tempo, que trataram de circunstâncias em torno de pessoas escravizadas. Um deles, travado em Cuba em 1856, envolveu a coartacion, que consistia na amortizacao gradual do montante correspondente a alforria. O outro, ja bem conhecido em nossa historiografia, aconteceu no Brasil no ano seguinte, abordando aspectos da alforria condicional, que dizia respeito aos estado-livres (do latim statuliberi). Nos dois contextos, os juristas envolvidos entendiam diferentemente as prerrogativas dos individuos naquelas condicoes, alguns considerando-os mais proximos da escravidao, outros, mais proximos da liberdade. Apos mapear as origens de principios e normas fundamentais, destacando semelhancas estruturais e especificidades existentes entre as ordens normativas em vigor no escravismo cubano e brasileiro, o artigo se volta mais objetivamente para os argumentos tecidos nos debates. Em seu conjunto, o estudo busca explicitar a articulacao de multiplos tempos historicos na definicao do quadro juridico da escravidao em meados do seculo XIX

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A work about economic history is reviewed here, centered on the study of money and coin this article, which analyses the process of coin consolidation in Costa Rica from the eighteenth century up to the year 2018, and offers two hypotheses about the usage of coin; first, as a mechanism of social control, and secondly as an element of cultural change with the arrival of paper-money.
Abstract: espanolSe resena aqui un trabajo sobre historia economica, centrado en el estudio de la moneda y el dinero Es un trabajo de divulgacion cientifica que analiza el proceso de consolidacion de la moneda en Costa Rica desde el siglo XVIII hasta el ano 2018 Esta periodizacion esta ordenada cronologicamente en seis epocas distintas, que concuerdan con los seis capitulos en que se divide el libro Ademas de esta periodizacion de la historia de la moneda, el texto ofrece dos hipotesis sobre los usos de la moneda; primeramente como mecanismo de control social, y segundamente como elemento de cambio cultural con la llegada del papel moneda EnglishA work about economic history is reviewed here, centered on the study of money and coin It’s a work of scientific divulgation that analyses the process of coin consolidation in Costa Rica from the eighteenth century up to the year 2018 This periodization is chronologically ordered in six different eras, that match the six chapters in which the book is divided In addition to this periodization of the history of coin, the text offers two hypotheses about the usage of coin; firstly, as a mechanism of social control, and secondly as an element of cultural change with the arrival of paper-money

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the reasons why these authorities cared for the "poors" specially for the poor's oppression, and they came to the conclusion that the employ of the words which references the "poor" in byzantine and carolingian normative texts is not just a statistical testimonial of kingdoms impoverishment or seigniorial abuses.
Abstract: Between eight and tenth centuries, central powers in Occident and Orient issued legal documents in favor of the “poors”. This paper investigates the reasons why these authorities cared for the “poors”, specially for the “poor’s oppression”. Under a “Global History” view, we approached the subject in a comparative way, underlining the particularities of this phenomenon at same time that we take time to rethink the historiography’s vision about the “poor” in both societies. We came to the conclusion that the employ of the words which references the “poor” in byzantine and carolingian normative texts is not just a statistical testimonial of kingdoms impoverishment or seigniorial abuses. But as a result from authorities interests, the use of words “penetes” and “pauper” in these normative texts represents not only a possible socio-economic transformation but also a shift in the political culture at that period.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: As leituras tradicionais das relacoes entre egipcios and nubios durante o periodo do Reino Novo ressaltaram a superioridade das estruturas sociais egipcio sobre a Nubia and a imposicao desta cultura sobre os povos nubio as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: As leituras tradicionais das relacoes entre egipcios e nubios durante o periodo do Reino Novo ressaltaram a superioridade das estruturas sociais egipcias e a imposicao desta cultura sobre os povos nubios. Tais leituras incorporam uma perspectiva excessivamente herdeira do quadro mental do seculo XIX, que atribuia uma inferioridade cultural a sociedades da Africa Subsaariana. Uma analise mais detida do dominio imperial egipcio sobre a Nubia deve considerar, todavia, os conflitos internos inerentes a cada uma destas sociedades. Assim, o artigo busca demonstrar como o imperialismo faraonico tratou de estimular uma forte hierarquizacao social na Baixa Nubia para garantir a exploracao de recursos e o fluxo de bens de prestigio necessarios a manutencao do imperio. Este processo implicou a subsuncao das formas produtivas locais aos padroes egipcios e a, consequente, expansao das relacoes sociais estatais caracteristicas do Egito.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an artigo objetiva analisar as relacoes historicas e conceituais entre Walter Benjamin and o movimento produtivista sovietico, centrando-se, sobretudo, na relacao entre a nocao de “politizacao da arte”, defendida por Benjamin como dispositivo de combate ao fascismo no ensaio “A obra de arte na epoca de reprodutibilidade tecnica
Abstract: Resumo O artigo objetiva analisar as relacoes historicas e conceituais entre Walter Benjamin e o movimento produtivista sovietico, centrando-se, sobretudo, na relacao entre a nocao de “politizacao da arte”, defendida por Benjamin como dispositivo de combate ao fascismo no ensaio “A obra de arte na epoca de sua reprodutibilidade tecnica”, de 1936, e a nocao de “factografia”, desenvolvida pelo produtivista sovietico Sergei Tretiakov a partir de 1927. Sustenta-se, neste texto, que as categorias de “estetizacao da politica” e de “politizacao da arte” tiveram seu primeiro desenvolvimento conceitual no pensamento de Benjamin a partir de sua viagem a URSS (1926-1927) e do seu contato com o pensamento produtivista.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a presente trabalho revela uma compreensao frente a relevância adquirida pelas ideias educacionais no pensamento e atuacao destes profissionais no processo amplo e complexo, cujo objetivo era o de reorganizar a sociedade brasileira.
Abstract: Este artigo aborda os modos como referenciais do urbanismo e da educacao moderna foram mobilizados em projetos/projecoes para a cidade do Rio de Janeiro na decada de 1920, a partir da analise de producoes intelectuais de engenheiros membros-fundadores da Associacao Brasileira de Educacao (ABE), com atencao as producoes de Heitor Lyra da Silva e Everardo Backheuser. Ao dar visibilidade a presenca de engenheiros nas discussoes educacionais, o presente trabalho revela uma compreensao frente a relevância adquirida pelas ideias educacionais no pensamento e atuacao destes profissionais no processo amplo e complexo, cujo objetivo era o de reorganizar a sociedade brasileira. Estas evidencias mostram-se indissociaveis das ideias urbanas que fundamentaram transformacoes (projetuais e/ou efetivas) na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, a epoca capital federal da Republica.

Journal Article
TL;DR: The idea of expulsar de su sitio a person as a radical modalidad de exterminio supone una sintesis positiva as discussed by the authors, a caracter dialectico, de orden transitorio and protector.
Abstract: Desde mediados del siglo XX en adelante, tanto en el campo occidental de los estudios filosoficos como historiograficos, los procesos que comprenden los exilios masivos han sido abordados para su analisis academico desde distintas aristas; incluso, algunas de ellas, opuestas. Por una parte, en la tradicion heredera del modelo de pensamiento clasico griego, el desarraigo opera en tanto sinonimo de ostracismo politico: la expulsion del lugar de pertenencia constituye la consecuencia irreversible para quienes incumplen con los ‘codigos ciudadanos’. Por otra parte, en la tradicion moderna que resignifica la figura marginal del exilio y de sus protagonistas, el acto negativo y violento de expulsar de su sitio a una persona como radical modalidad de exterminio supone una sintesis positiva. Asi, la existencia exiliada abandona su condicion marginal y adopta, en palabras del filosofo Jean-Luc Nancy, un caracter dialectico, de orden transitorio y protector.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze the transnational interest in young people by the Catholic Church between the 1960s and 1980s and establish a comparison with the Costa Rican case, where the official discourse of this global institution and the political concept of youth that shaped the religion during the period in question.
Abstract: espanolLa Iglesia catolica y las juventudes protagonizaron muchos de los escenarios globales durante la Guerra Fria. Las paginas siguientes conjugan ambas tematicas, para analizar el interes transnacional del catolicismo por las juventudes entre las decadas de 1960 y 1980. Para hacerlo, inicialmente se analizan los discursos oficiales de esta institucion global y se estudia el concepto politico de juventud que ensayo esa religion durante el periodo en estudio. Posteriormente, se analiza como se tradujo el interes por la juventud en America Latina y se presentan las estrategias de las jerarquias catolicas para agrupar a las juventudes. Al final, se establece una comparacion con el caso costarricense, donde los discursos globales y latinoamericanos sobre las juventudes catolicas fueron apropiados y adaptados a un pais que buscaba representar a sus jovenes como un sector aislado de la region centroamericana. EnglishThe Catholic Church and youth were protagonists on the global stage during the Cold War. The following pages look at both agents in an effort to study the transnational interest in young people by the Catholic Church between the 1960s and 1980s. To do so, the paper analyzes the official discourse of this global institution and the political concept of youth that shaped the religion during the period in question. Subsequently, it examines how the interest in the Latin American youth was pursued and presents strategies on how the Catholic hierarchies organized these youth groups. Finally, it establishes a comparison with the Costa Rican case, where the global and Latin American discourses on Catholic youth were adapted by a country that sought to represent its youth as an isolated sector of the Central American region.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the fact that Brazil registered its lowest records of post-independence electoral participation for nearly half a century between the years of 1881 and 1930, and that these low records were not the consequence of constitutional clauses alone, which impeded the vote of women and illiterates.
Abstract: Brazil registered its lowest records of post-independence electoral participation thus far, for nearly half a century, between the years of 1881 and 1930. This article highlights the fact that such low records were not the consequence of constitutional clauses alone, which impeded the vote of women and illiterates. Throughout the period under consideration, the Brazilian parliament enacted electoral reforms that hampered voter registration for citizens who were eligible to vote anteriorly. The enactment of the three reforms happened during a time of electorate expansion and so led to the stagnation of small cycles of eligibility growth. The hindrances to access political rights exacerbated by these mechanisms affected mainly the poor and former slaves. The impact of such reforms on the electorate will be argued throughout the text.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors explored the emergence of the conservative active citizenship discourse under the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's administration in the late 1980s and argued that the speech of active citizenship is not a straightforward response to British social problems, would rather be a response to the ideological excitement of the end of the decade, which would come to its climax by the putting together different and emerging contemporary factors.
Abstract: This article explores the emergence of the conservative active citizenship discourse under the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher’s administration in the late 1980s. The analysis investigates how short-term reasons would lead to the fabrication of this discourse, which emerges in response to a climate of crescent ideological tension – a consequence of distinct views regarding the relationship between individual and the State, as well as their respective roles, duties and assignments – and popular resistance, which would reach its peak with Thatcher’s reforms in the British welfare State. Therefore, this article arguments that the speech of active citizenship is not a straightforward response to British social problems, would rather be a response to the ideological excitement of the end of the decade, which would come to its climax by the putting together different and emerging contemporary factors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the artefactos de marfil contribuyeron a la constitucion of una cultura visual comun en el Mediterraneo entre los siglos X-XIII.
Abstract: La crisis de las narrativas tradicionales (centradas en las nociones de autoria, estilo, escuelas, periodizacion; las jerarquias centro / periferia, artes mayores / artes menores; y la triada Occidente / Bizancio / Islam) abrio nuevas perspectivas para el estudio del arte medieval. Entre ellos, el "giro global" que nos permite pensar en conexiones, interdependencias, intercambios y movilidades. El proposito de este articulo es analizar como los artefactos de marfil contribuyeron a la constitucion de una cultura visual comun en el Mediterraneo entre los siglos X-XIII.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors analyzes as circunstâncias em que escravos e senhores da capitania da Bahia apelaram a autoridade regia em Lisboa and ponderaram sobre escravidao e liberdade nas ultimas decadas do seculo XVIII.
Abstract: Resumo O artigo analisa as circunstâncias em que escravos e senhores da capitania da Bahia apelaram a autoridade regia em Lisboa e ponderaram sobre escravidao e liberdade nas ultimas decadas do seculo XVIII. Usando como fio condutor processos de escravizados de dois grandes negociantes, procura-se compreender os personagens envolvidos e a complexidade do contexto em que apelaram a rainha durante a vigencia do alvara de 19 de setembro de 1761. Essa lei proibia o desembarque de escravos nos portos de Portugal e foi mobilizada tanto para fundamentar a alforria quanto para frear os anseios de liberdade dos cativos que ali desembarcaram com seus senhores ou fugidos. O estudo se baseia em fontes variadas, cujo cruzamento possibilitou aproximar a lente sobre esses conflitos e problematizar o fenomeno da alforria entre senhores de poder e prestigio.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Rediker as discussed by the authors describes the fearless Benjamin Lay: the Quaker dwarf who became the first revolutionary abolitionist, who became a leader in the American Underground Railroad (BOE).
Abstract: Resenha do livro: REDIKER, Marcus. The fearless Benjamin Lay: the Quaker dwarf who became the first revolutionary abolitionist. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 2017, 223p. versao digital epub.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse how nature and love were presented and employed as foundations of human society by the Dominican friar Giordano de Pisa (c. 1260- 1311) in his preaching in the early fourteenth-century Florence, Italy.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyse how nature and love were presented and employed as foundations of human society by the Dominican friar Giordano de Pisa (c. 1260- 1311) in his preaching in the early fourteenth-century Florence, Italy. It will be analysed the reportationes of three of his sermons preached on the same liturgical date (Eighteenth Sunday after Trinity Sunday), between 1303 and 1305, which adopts as thema the verse Diliges proximum tuum sicut te ipsum (Love your neighbour as yourself); a model-sermon of the same liturgical date (c. 1267-1286) by the also Dominican Iacopo de Varazze (1228-1298); and a homily of Augustine of Hippo (354-430) from the early fifth century. Thus, it is stressed that Giordano approached the subject both by the use of an Aristotelian-naturalist theory as well as by an Augustinian-voluntarist conception, and it is concluded that the greater emphasis given to the first line of thought is due to its more positive character as regards the city, which allowed a treatment more consistent with the preaching thema and with its internal composition mechanisms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the implications of the Aristotelian-Thomism matrix in the composition of the constitutionalist doctrines present in the hispanic political treatis are analyzed, and it is demonstrated how some theses of natural law, re-elaborated by the jurist theologians of the Second Scholastic, were decisive for the formulation of the discursive strategies of limitation of the royal power and affirmation of the primacy of the law in the social organization.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to analyze the implications of the Aristotelian-Thomism matrix in the composition of the constitutionalist doctrines present in the hispanic political treatis. It is demonstrated how some theses of natural law, re-elaborated by the jurist theologians of the Second Scholastic, were decisive for the formulation of the discursive strategies of limitation of the royal power and affirmation of the primacy of the law in the social organization, being therefore, intrinsically associated with the constitutionalists efforts to ordination the functioning of the political sphere.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Achille et al. as mentioned in this paper discuss políticas da inimizade, i.e., polítas da intimizaciódia.
Abstract: Resenha do Livro: MBEMBE, Achille. Políticas da inimizade. Tradução Marta Lança. Lisboa: Antigona, 2017.