Showing papers in "Science & Justice in 2004"

TL;DR: There was a significant season and year interaction in weeks taken until the end of putrefaction: this was longest in winter, followed by autumn, spring and summer, and higher temperatures and rainfall increased both mass loss rates and decomposition stage progression rates.

TL;DR: In this study infrared and Raman spectroscopy complemented each other and distinguished between the 12 main groups based on their binder and extender composition of green spray paints.

TL;DR: A set of guidelines in the form of flowcharts are presented and explored within the context of a range of case examples to assist in assigning a value to a given probability.

TL;DR: The ageing process of some inks were studied and it was showed that it is not possible to date ballpoint pen inks with this method in document examination casework.

TL;DR: Results are presented for experiments carried out to test the effectiveness of four of the available analytical techniques used to compare single source and primary transfer soil samples, indicating that the primary transfer process is to some extent grain size selective.

TL;DR: A method whereby a single sample, recovered from clothing, can be examined for Firearm Discharge Residue and then extracted for DNA is demonstrated.

TL;DR: The 'Pathfinder Project' sought to monitor and document the complex relationships between the collection and use of forensic material and its impact on crime detection and found that approximately one third of burglary and autocrime scenes are visited by SOCOs.

TL;DR: A structured approach to crime scene investigation that may be applied to the wider aspects of criminal investigation and seeks to minimise observer bias by providing a rational and recorded approach.

TL;DR: A population study of textile fibres in human hair was carried out using 26 volunteers in Cambridgeshire, UK and showed that the most common fibre colours were black/grey, blue, blue and red, the least common being green, orange/brown and yellow.

TL;DR: The past, current and future role of forensic human hair analysis and comparison is attempted to initiate discussion.

TL;DR: A pilot study carried out by the Forensic Science Service (UK) which explores the use of digital facial images in forensic investigation and lays a foundation for how face recognition systems can be compared in a forensic framework.

TL;DR: In an attempt to document what volatiles are produced by the combustion of animal fat and human fat, an open-tube pyrolysis probe is used as a microfurnace to burn small samples of unembalmed subcutaneous fat from human, avian and porcine sources, and collect volatile by charcoal strip adsorption.

TL;DR: The amount of amplifiable DNA was well preserved in hard tissues regardless of the exposure conditions, whereas the soft tissues immersed in water showed a rapid decrease in amplifiableDNA.

TL;DR: The results suggest that finding a large number of fibres that match a control is unlikely to happen by chance, which supports the findings of the previous target fibre studies.

TL;DR: The values of blood ethanol concentration as reported in this study indicate that they are far too low to have any forensic significance.

TL;DR: The Museum of Fine Arts at the University of London acquired a suit of Renaissance armor from the Brunswick Armoury in Germany, part of a collection sold off by the Royal House of Hanover.

TL;DR: There was successful identification of human biological sex, from deciduous teeth exposed to incineration temperatures of 200 degrees C and below, using standard ethidium bromide gel staining.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors suggest that the needs of inspirations will make you searching for some sources, even from the other people experience, internet, and many books, and suggest to have more inspirations, then.

TL;DR: This paper explores the first case, in England, of the contribution of DNA profiling to a successful appeal against conviction by an imprisoned offender, and analysis of the details is used to emphasise the ways in which novel forms of scientific evidence remain subject to traditional and heterogeneous tests of relevance and credibility.

TL;DR: The Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus test was conceived, developed and promulgated as a simple procedure for the determination of the blood alcohol concentration of drivers suspected of driving while intoxicated, and was soon adopted and protected from scientific criticism by courts throughout the United States.

TL;DR: The aim of the project was to investigate the damage to garments caused by particular vapour cloud explosions and to provide investigators with specific information on how to link clothes to a specific type of crime.

TL;DR: This paper represents a case study of the application of fibre mapping, believed to be the first time that this technique has been successfully applied in the United Kingdom.

TL;DR: It was found that the mark replicator successfully recorded indentations on paper and card surfaces, but caused staining on some of the surfaces and had a negative effect on the quality of fingerprints subsequently developed.

TL;DR: It is found that under these test conditions the measured alcohol levels are systematically depressed as the amount of sodium fluoride in the blood sample increases.

TL;DR: By using 29 sets of normal and disguised signatures, both methods of analysis were shown to be unreliable techniques for identifying the author of a particular signature.