Showing papers in "scientific journal of ilam university of medical sciences in 2013"

Survey of Violence Against Nursing in The Ilam Training Hospitals at 2012

Abstract: Introduction: Physical and verbal violence against nursing are very critical problems that could influnce the quality of nuring cares. The extent and causes of violence against nurses are not fully determined in Iran, yet. So, the present study investigated all kinds of violences in the training hospitals of Ilam city in 2012. Materials & Methods: In the discriptive research, 147 subjects of nursing staff who had experinced physical or verbal violences during 2012 were randomly selected from the training hospitals of Ilam city using an author-made questionary. Findings: About 88.7% and 23.1% of the studied subjects had experinced the verbal and physical violence, respectively. Also, 89.8% and 23.8% of the nurses had experienced the verbal and physical violence, respectively from the patient followers. Based on the results, the most common violences against male and female nurses were verbal and physical, respectively. Moreover, a meaningful relationship was found between the violences and the age of nur-

Determination of the most important factors influencing the fertility patterns of single child and without child families in Shahr-e-kord city in 2013

Abstract: Introduction: The rapid decline in fertility rate and disassembling in the balance of age pyramid can exert irreparable damages to the country's economic and social structures. In this study, effective factors which could affect the fertility patterns among families with one or without child were investigated. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 180 married women were recruited from many health centers by random simple sampling. Inclusion criteria were married women who had married at least 2 years ago and with no child as well as the married women who had only a child over 4 years old. Data collection instrument was a valid and reliable researcher-designed questionnaire (α=0.73) used to determine demographic data and to measure maternal attitudes toward childbearing. The data was analyzed by the SPSS software, version 16.0

The in Vitro Inhibitory Effects of the Aqueous Extracts of Summer Onion on Candida Albicans

Abstract: Introduction: Candidiasis is one of the most common opportunistic fungal diseases in humans. This disease is caused by a fungus, yeast called Candida. Candida vaginitis is the most important fungal disease in women. Traditionally, in western Iran for the treatment of vaginal infections, many different plant extracts are used. In this study, the inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts of Summer Bulbs was studied on isolated samples of Candida albicans fungal vaginitis. Materials & Methods: The plant samples were dried in a warm, dry and away from direct sunlight condition. And the extract was prepared by standard herbal extraction method. The samples were collected from pediatrics clinics and stored in incubator at 37°C for 24 hours. The effects of extract were evaluated through disk diffusion and the diffusion embedding sink method, and every sample was tested three times. Findings: The aqueous extract of the plant at the concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/mL had the least effects on Candida albicans, however at the concentration of 80 mg/mL the diameter of the Candia growth zone on agar was very small. Discussion & Conclusion: Given the presence of saponins in the plant, it was expected to have significant inhibitory effect on the fungus. The aqueous extract of this plant has probably lesser amount of antifungal material; therefore the phenolic or alcoholic extract of this plant should be used.

The Nurse Manpower Distribution at State Hospitals of Iran by Lorenz Curve and Gini Index During 2001-2006

Abstract: Introduction: The equity in health and inequity elimination in health sector is one of the most important challenges of health systems in the world, especially in developing countries. The present research aimed to explore the nurse manpower distribution at state hospitals of Iran by Lorenz curve and Gini index during 2001-2006. Methods & Materials: The method used in the study was a descriptive analytical, retrospective and longitudinal one. The data were analyzed using Excel Software by Lorenz Curve and Gini index estimation. Findings: The findings of the study showed that among the proportions for the number of nurses in population, the highest proportion was for Semnan province over all the years studied and the lowest proportion was for Hamedan in 2001, for Kohkilouye va Boyerahmad from 2001 to 2003 and for Sistan va Balouchestan from 2004 to 2006, respectively. Also, the Gini coefficients for nurses were 0.0274, 0.0094, 0.0226, 0.0002, 0.0007 and 0.0402 from 2001 to 2006. Discussion & Conclusions: Findings of the study indicated that in spite of a difference in the proportion of nurses among the investigated provinces, an equal distribution of nurses has been established at state hospitals according to the Gini index and Lorenz curve. The findings can provide useful insight for health policy-makers.

The relationships between sleep habits and times with sleep quality among college students

Abstract: Introduction: Sleep quality is an important clinical construct. However, the exact elements that compose sleep quality, and their relative importance, may vary between individuals. The aim of study was to characterize sleep timing variables and to assess the relationship of sleep timing variables and sleep habits with sleep quality in the college students. Materials & Methods: The survey was a descriptive-analytic study that evaluated the correlation of sleep habits and timing with sleep quality in 80 students through PSQI questionnaire, sleep diary and interview. Sleep timing variables included: Bedtime, sleep latency, waking time and naptime of participants during 1 month recorded by sleep diary. At the end of month, sleep quality questionnaire filled and all of the participants were interviewed . Findings: Individuals with good sleep quality went to bed at 23:12, awoke at 6:14 a.m. and had 8.05 h total sleep time (TST). Sleep latency and bedtime were two variables that had a positive and significant correlation with sleep quality. Also, there a negative correlation (P<0.005, r=-0.33) between TST and sleep quality. Rise time and naptime were not correlated with sleep quality. Discussion & Conclusion: Some sleep timing variables correlated with sleep quality. Total sleep time, sleep latency, and bedtime correlated with sleep quality but rise time did not correlate with sleep quality. Deletion of daily napping or/ and increasing total sleep time can enhance sleep quality.

A review Study on Chemical Properties and Food Indexes of Mastic Oil Compared With Olive, Sunflower and Canola oils. The Ilamian Traditional Uses of Mastic

Abstract: Mastic is a valuable oily fruit that has attracted much attention due to its pharmaceutical, nutritional and industrial applications. As long time, mastic is used by the Ilamian people. In this review, fatty acids contents and chemical properties of mastic oil are compare with edible known oils such as olive, sunflower and canola oils. In addition, the traditional and common uses of mastic have investigated in Ilam province.

The effect of Cognitive behavioral Teaching on marital satisfaction of women having hypoactive of sexual disorder

Abstract: Introduction: The healthy function of sexual desire in couples is considered as one of the most important factors that has a profound effect on marital satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral educating program on the improvement of marital satisfaction in women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder in Gonabad city during 2010. Materials & Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental study that was conducted as a pre and post test fashion along with control subjects. The statistical population included all married women who referred to the Gonabad consulting center of Taranom-e-Zendegi due to the sexual and marital problems and characterized as women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder based on the diagnostic measures of DSM –IV-TR. Among the subjects, 30 persons were selected after considering inclusionary and exclusionary criteria and getting written informed consent. They were randomly selected and then assigned to two equal case and control groups. At first, the pretest (the marital satisfaction questionnaire; Enrich, 1996) was carried out in both groups and then the case group was thought in ten ninety-minute sessions for three months. The data were analyzed by SPSS-15 software and the differential independent t-test. Findings: There was a significant difference between both groups for the mean of differential scores of marital satisfaction, that is, the educational program was signifycantly effective on increasing marital satisfaction in women with hypoactive sex-ual desire disorder (P=0.038). Discussion & Conclusion: Given the effect of cognitive behavioral teaching on the improvement of marital satisfaction in women, it is recommended that the teaching programm will be used by specialist to treat the hypoactive sexual desire disorder.

The effect of play therapy with a cognitive approach - behavioral Mayknbam reduce shyness and social withdrawal malekshahy city school students

Abstract: Introduction: One of the major problems that have an inhibitory effect on the efficiency and dynamism of children and adolescent is shyness. Shyness has been defined as a negative reaction to being with strangersoracquaintances. The major causes of shyness are damaged cognitions or abnormal processing in children. Play therapy is one of the useful interventions that reduce shyness in children. The aim of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy via the cognitive-behavioral approach of Mayknbam in reducing shyness and social withdrawal at elementary school

Study of Health and Disease Status in Elderly people of Ilam Province

Abstract: Introduction: The most prevalent causes of death in elderly are preventable non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes and stroke. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of accidental, physical and mental disorders in elderly living in Ilam province. Materials & Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 1012 participants were recruited using cluster sampling. Data collected using a researcher designed questionnaire and were analyzed by SPSS-16 and Chi-square and independent T tests. Findings: Mean body mass index of the participant was 25.724.48 kg/m in which more than half (55.2%) were either overweight or obese. The most prevalent physical and mental disorders were; history of arthritis (72.8%), blood pressure (53%), vision problem (49.8%), history of infectious disease (43.9%), sleep disorder (40.1%), heart disease(36.1 percent), urinary disorders (30.6%), history of mental illness(24.6%), respiratory disorders (22.5%), diabetes (14.8%) and stroke (12.6%), respectively. Falling from height with (18%) was the most important accident occurred among elderly. Discussion & Conclusions: For the public health of society, the non-communicable diseases such as arthritis and hypertension are worrying. Screening and health education actions should be performed for this age group.

Assessment of Psychoactive Substances Use and Their Associated Factors Among Students of Shiraz University and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Abstract: Introduction: Commonly, the origin of drug use in adults comes from youth. This is one of the most important social problems that not only endanger the public health but it also lead to moral and ethical decay of individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of psychoactive substances use and its risk factors in Shiraz University and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Materials & Methods: In the descriptiveanalytical study, 640 students from the schools of Shiraz University and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were selected based on a random cluster sampling method. Data were collected by self-completion anonymous questionnaires. After data collection, analysis was performed using SPSS software . Findings: The rate of psychoactive substances use among the students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and Shiraz University were 10.8% and 9.2%, respectively, that their difference was not significant (p = 0.498). The rate of psychoactive substances use among men was more than of women (25% vs. 19%) and the history of use was more in married students than the single ones (19.5% vs. 8.7%). The students of Shiraz University versus Shiraz University of Medical Sciences used more alcohol (17.7% vs. 9.4%), drugs (9.8% vs. 3.3%) and smoking (21.5% vs. 17.5%) and these differences were statistically significant. Discussion & Conclusion: This study indicated the necessity of planning and preventive interventional strategies to reduce drug use among students and thereupon promoting their health.

Survey on Elationship Between Constructs of The Planned Behavior and Road Crossing Safe Behaviors Among The Fourth Grade Students of Tehran City

Abstract: Background & aim: Pedestrians' traffic accidents are one of the most important causes of death throughout the world. Access to the information or status que can pave the way for educational interventions in traffic accidents prevention. Theory of the planned behavior shows the relationship between some constructs relating to behavioral intention, attitude, perceived behavioral control, normative belief and behavior. This research aims to determine the relationship between constructs of the planned behavior theory and road crossing safe behaviors among the fourth grade students of Tehran city in 2010. Method: in this descriptive-analytic research, 160 students were selected among schools in Dist. 4 of Tehran city through random sampling method. These students answered standard questionnaire of which validity and reliability were evaluated. Finally, the gathered date was analyzed with software SPSS (version16). Result: research results show that there was significant relationship between road crossing safe behavior and constructs of intention (p<0.001), perceived behavioral control (p<0.001), compliance motive (p<0.001), outcome evaluation (p=0.04), and normative beliefs (p<0.001) and there was no significant relationship between road crossing safe behavior and construct of behavioral belief. Linear regression test result specified that behavioral intention with B=2.35 was suitable predictor of road crossing safe behavior. Conclusion: finding showed that constructs of planned behavior theory especially construct of behavioral intention are closely related with road-crossing behaviors and the planned behavior theory can be used as suitable framework for design of educational interventions in improvement of students' road crossing behaviors.

Development and validation of the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale -26 items : factor structure, reliability and validity in Psychiatric outpatients.

Abstract: Introduction: According to the cognitive models of psychiatric disorders, the most important factors that account for the formation and persistence of psychiatric disorders and psychosomatic problems are negateve automatic thoughts, cognitive distortions, and ultimately negative dysfunctional attitudes.To evaluate these attitudes in both the understanding and explaining field of the theoretical problems and treatment (cognitive therapy) it is needed to have favorable psychometric tools. Dysfunctional attitude scale is one of the most common tools to assess cognitive vulnerability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties and prepare a short version of DAS-26 for Iranian clinical population. Materials & Methods: In a cross-sectional study, a pilot sample of 160 participants including 80 patients with mood disorders from medical centers affiliated to the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and 80 individuals who matched for the demographic characteristics of patients were randomly selected in 2010. Research instruments were clinical interview based on DSM-IV-TR, dysfunctional attitude scale and general heath questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 15 software and the statistical tests, factor analysis, discriminant analysis and multiple regression. Findings: Based on factor analysis and the correlation of each item with the total, 14 items were deleted from the original version and the 26 items version was reassessed. Factor structure consisted of four major factors which renamed as achievementperfectionism, requires the approval of others, need to satisfy others, and the vulnerability-performance evaluation. Concurrent criterion validity was established by correlation with the total score of GHQ-28 (r=0.56), somatization, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression subscales and gained the scores, 0.45, 0.53, 0.48 and 0.57, respectively. The correlation between DAS-26 score and psychiatric diagnosis was 0.55. Cronbach's alpha of the scale was calculated 0.92. Discussion & Conclusion: The results showed that the Iranian version of the dysfunctional attitude scale (DAS-26) possesses satisfactory psychometric propert-ies, suggesting that this instrument is appropriate for use as a cognitive measure in Iranian cultural context.