Showing papers in "Soil Technology in 1991"

TL;DR: In this paper, a new device for measuring particle transport has been developed, called a SALTIPHONE, which is a component of a wind erosion field equipment used for the measurement and electronic registration of sediment transport and relevant meteorological data.

TL;DR: In this article, the variability of 137C in three control locations in Saskatchewan was investigated. But, the results showed no significant differences in 137C activity between control locations. And, the 137C areal activities (Bq m−2) were not correlated with organic carbon concentration, dispersed particle size fractions, and several topographical parameters calculated from a digital elevation model.

TL;DR: In this paper, two contrasting soils were used to determine absorption and transmission characteristics in the potential range from saturation down to ψ 0 = −100 mm using disc permeameters.

TL;DR: The most significant interactions affecting soil detachment were between rainfall duration and aggregate size, organic matter content and aggregate sizes, and between organic content and rainfall duration in that order as mentioned in this paper, and these interactions were used to make inferences on the effect of organic matter on soil detachment.

TL;DR: In this article, soil properties were measured along two parallel 100m transects separated by 60 cm, where particle size measurements from each soil sample were fitted to a three-parameter model.

TL;DR: In this paper, plot studies at the Hilton experimental site, Shropshire (U.K.) show that small reductions in soil organic content markedly increase erodibility and erosion rates.

TL;DR: In this paper, solutions containing six tritium labeled polymers were flowed through columns of Arlington soil or acid washed quartz sand, and three hypotheses were proposed to explain why the ratio of leachate concentration to the original polymer concentration at the top did not reach 1 even after more than 20 pore volumes (PV) were allowed to flow through.

TL;DR: In this paper, principal component analysis was used to reduce eleven soil properties which affect micro aggregate stability to five orthogonal components, which together explained 99% of the total variance.

TL;DR: In this article, the European Commission has been carrying out a project to assess and map soil erosion risk and land quality, as a basis for policy formulation, within the context of the CORINE Programme.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the effects of three cropping systems of silage maize on soil moisture content, infiltration, runoff and erosion, and found that the presence of continuous, vertical macropores on the direct drill system explains its surprisingly high infiltration capacity, considering its strongly slaked appearance.

TL;DR: In this paper, a series of experiments were conducted in which replicas of the tillage experiments were recompacted by four passes of a large (11,800 kg) tractor before seeding.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effectiveness of these practices in increasing soil organic matter depends on: 1) amount and frequency of residue application; 2. (b) the nature and C:N ratio of the mulching material, or manure; 3. (c) rainfall amounts, intensity and distribution, soil moisture and clay contents.

TL;DR: In this paper, a finite-difference numerical solution of the Richards' infiltration equation for one and two-dimensional vertical flow is developed for a vertical sand column, where the crust is assumed to be instantaneously saturated and has an impedance characterized by a hydraulic resistance.

TL;DR: In this paper, electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of irrigation water significantly affect water transmission properties of soil, and commercially produced polymers which are soluble in water may potentially mitigate the negative consequences of water quality on infiltration rate.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the measurements of the surface and subsurface Lavalette soil, as presented in the previous paper, to infer the salient features of drip irrigation experiments and obtained a good prediction of the size of the free-water pond was obtained via Wooding's equation.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the surface degradation of a silage maize field under moderate topographic and climatic conditions by means of three approaches: threedimensional microtopographic analysis, micromorphological analysis (constituents, fabric and pore space distribution) of the depositional crust and the underlying horizons; study of the physical properties of these different layers.

TL;DR: The response of six sandy-loam soils from Portugal and Israel to leaching with sodic and saline water and to simulated rain was studied in this article, where the response of the soils to sodicity depended on the electrolyte concentration; salt concentrations exceeding 10 mmol c ·L −1 was enough to prevent the deleterious effect of exchangeable sodium (≤20%).

TL;DR: Soil erosion, measured in field runoff plots, was correlated with several rainfall erosivity indices Erosion was measured on field plots established on a Typic Paleudult in southeastern Nigeria Several erosivities indices were computed from a daily recording rain gauge sited in vicinity of the runoff plots Erosivity indices computed included EI30 (WISCHMEIER & SMITH 1978), KE>1 (HUDSON 1971) and AIm (LAL 1976) In addition, several new indices are computed including EkIm and EkI30, where, the new

TL;DR: In this article, 15-20 mm aggregates from surface and subsurface horizons of a Typic Hapludalf, a Mollic Fluvaquent and an Aeric Fluvent were equilibrated with water tensions ranging from 0 hPa to 600 hPa.

TL;DR: In this article, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of aeration on growth of corn seedlings, where variable aeration regimes were created by a combination of three levels of soil compaction (1.20, 1.37 and 1.56 Mg m −3 ) and 3 water table depths (10-cm, 20-cm and 30-cm).

TL;DR: In this paper, two polymers, Acryhope and Aqua- store-B, were incorporated separately in sandy soil at rates of 0.5 and 1.0% respectively.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of surface application of anionic polysaccharide (designated F-Ac), synthesized by the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaenopsis circularis PCC 6720, on infiltration rate (IR), runoff and erosion of three soils during simulated rainstorms, was studied.

TL;DR: In this article, the structural properties of two reclaimed sites in southern Upper Bavaria were compared with those of adjacent areas under agricultural use, where the reclamation operation consisted of deep subsoiling using a bulldozer equipped with a deep-ripper before and/or after refilling the original excavations.

TL;DR: The author aims at obtaining accurate knowledge of degradation of cultivated soils in order to propose their more reasonable and vigilant management.

TL;DR: In this article, the results of a number of experiments in which different soils were treated with phosphogypsum are discussed to illustrate the effects of electrolyte concentration, level of sodium and other factors on the formation of surface crusts and the consequent runoff and erosion.

TL;DR: The ease and value of erosion risk assessment for soil conservation plaaning are illustrated by relating simulated soil losses to the long-time annual soil loss computed with the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) as mentioned in this paper.