Showing papers in "The Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences in 2013"

Microbiological study of major sea fish available in local markets of dhaka city, bangladesh

Abstract: Present study attempted to determine the prevalence of pathogenic microflora along the two major sea fish samples: Rupchanda (Pampus chinensis) and Surmai (Scomberomorus guttatus), collected from local market in Dhaka city. Most of the fishes collected were found to be contaminated with a huge number of pathogens within a range of 2.0×10-1.9×10 cfu.mL or cfu.G. The study of antibiogram showed a number of isolates to be drugresistant. The investigation also endeavored to evaluate the efficiency of gamma (γ) irradiation on the pathogenic reduction besides the traditional means. The pathogenic load was found to be reduced by an irradiation dosage of 3 kilo Gray (kGy).

Antioxidant activity of selected plant products

Abstract: Plants and plants products have been claimed to have health-promoting effects, which may be related to the antioxidant activity in vivo. The aim of this study was to determine antioxidant activity of selected plant products – wine, apples and spices. We found that these products are very good source of antioxidant compounds. The aim of this study was also to mention the potential use of biologically active component of plant product substances from these products can be isolated and after treatment, which causes their efficiently usable for human body, they can be used for fortification of wide range of food products.

Antibacterial effect of garlic (Allium sativum) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus.

Abstract: Antibacterial activity of extracts of Allium sativum (garlic) and Zingiber officinale (ginger) has been evaluated against four different bacteria namely Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. Two methods were used to determine the antimicrobial activity of garlic and ginger extracts namely disk diffusion method and agar well diffusion method. Garlic extract exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against all four test organisms while ginger extract showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus only. In addition, agar well diffusion method showed higher zone in inhibition when compared with the zone of inhibition produced by the spice of same concentration against the test microorganism by disk diffusion method. Antibiotic sensitivity of the four different bacteria was tested with commercially available antibiotics namely Ciprofloxacin; Oxytetracycline; Vancomycin; Streptomycin; Gentamicin; Tetracycline; Novobiocin; Amikacin and Penicillin G. Penicillin G produced the highest zone of inhibition of 40.00±0.00against Staphylococcus aureus and the lowest zone of inhibition of 0.00±0.00against Escherichia coli. JMBFS / Bandna Chand 2013 : 2 (4) 2481-2491 2482

Amygdalin and its effects on animal cells

Abstract: Amygdalin is a natural compound whose anticancer, anti-inflammatory activity and other medicinal benefits have been known for many years. It has been isolated in 1830 by the French chemists Robiquet and Boutron-Charlard from kernels of the bitter almond (Prunus amygdalus). It is a major component of the seeds of prunasin family plants, such as apricots, almonds, peaches, apples, and other rosaceous plants. Amygdalin is composed of two molecules of glucose, one of benzaldehyde, which induces an analgesic action, and one of hydrocyanic acid, which is an anti-neoplastic compound. It has been used as a traditional drug because of its wide range of medicinal benefits. Amygdalin can be used in medicine for preventing and treating migraine, hypertension, chronic inflammation, and other reaction source diseases. This review is focused on the effects of amygdalin on the animal system.

Antioxidant activities and phenolic profile of six Moroccan selected herbs.

Abstract: The present work evaluated the antioxidant capacity of six plants commonly used in traditional Moroccan medicine. The antioxidant capacity was estimated by DPPH test, ferrous ion chelating activity and ABTS test. As results, the highest antioxidant activities were found in Mentha suaveolens, Salvia officinalis and Mentha viridis. Different species showed significant differences in their total phenolic content (TPC). The highest level of phenolics was found in Salvia officinalis and the lowest in Pelargonium roseum. Linear correlation was found between TPC, especially the non-flavonoid content (NFC) and the antioxidant activity. Qualitative and quantitative analyzes of major phenolics by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) were also performed. On the basis of the obtained results, these studied medicinal herbs were found to serve as a potential source of natural antioxidants due to their richness in phenolic compounds and marked antioxidant activity.

Aminoacids composition of proteins in wheat and oat flours used in breads production

Abstract: Oat grain contains a protein with high biological value, the highest among all breadmaking cereals. An addition of oat flour in breadmaking should lead to improvement of protein’s biological value in this product. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the amino acids composition and biological value of the commercial wheat flour and oat flours of different sources (commercial and residual). Residual oat flour was obtained as a byproduct from the production of Betaven dietary-fibre preparation). Also proteins of wheat and wheat–oat breads (50/50%) baked with these flours. Material consisted of flours (wheat and commercial and residual oat), as well as breads (wheat and wheat-oat (50:50%)) baked by a single phase method. Raw materials were analyzed on the amino acid composition by amino acid analyzer AAA 400. On this basis the chemical score (CS) and essential amino acid index (EAAI), according to the FAO /WHO/UNU (2007) were evaluated.

Construction of double chambered microbial fuel cell (mfc) using household materials and bacillus megaterium isolate from tea garden soil

Abstract: 2 Abstract: The current study was carried out for the isolation and screening of potential bioelectricity generating bacteria from tea garden soil samples and also to construct an indigenous microbial fuel cell (MFC) using house hold wastes. Bacillus megaterium was found to the best isolate for the production of bioelectricity, out of a total of 25 bacterial isolates from soil samples collected from Lepetkata Tea Estate of Dibrugarh district of Assam. The isolate was identified on the basis of staining techniques and biochemical characteristics. Two chambered MFC was constructed using two poly acrylic containers of 500 ml volume each. The two chambers were connected using an agar salt bridge and carbon rods were used as electrodes. The electricity generated by the isolate was compared using glucose and fructose as sole carbon source in minimal media. The maximum voltage was found to be 440 mV in presence of glucose as sole carbon source after 84 hrs of incubation at room temperature. The voltage was further increased up to 698 mV after the media was supplemented with 1.5% (w/v) yeast extract, which would have served as additional source of vitamin to the bacteria to proliferate. During the entire study, the experimental set up was allowed to incubate at room temperature and occasional shaking was done manually, hence no external electricity was required. With all the above features the isolate Bacillus megaterium was found to be a good source of bioelectricity.

Production of an extracellular cellobiase in solid state fermentation.

Abstract: The bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass has attracted wide interest globally in last decade. One of the main reasons for the high cost of bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass is the expensive enzymes involved in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose (cellulase). The utilization of agro-industrial waste as a potential substrate for producing enzymes may serve a dual purpose of reducing the environmental pollution along with producing a high value commercial product. Twelve different agro-industrial wastes were evaluated for extracellular cellobiose or β-glucosidase production by a mutant of Bacillus subtilis on solid state fermentations (SSF). The Citrus sinensis peel waste was found to be the most suitable substrate with highest BGL titre (35 U/gds). Optimum incubation time, inoculum size, moisture content and volume of buffer for enzyme extraction were 72 h, 40 % v/w, 10 mL and 20 mL respectively.

The comparison of quality and chemical composition of breads baked with residual and commercial oat flours and wheat flour

Abstract: The aim of the present work was to compare the quality and nutritional value of breads with 50% addition of oat flours of different origin (commercial and residual – a by-product obtained during production of β-glucan preparation) to standard wheat bread. Commercial wheat and oat flours and residual oat flour, as well as wheat and 50/50% wheat/oat breads were used as material in this research. Quality of breads was evaluated by their volume, baking yield and total baking loss. Bread crumb texture profile was analyzed by texture analyzer TA.XT Plus. Organoleptic assesment was performed by 15 skilled pearson‘s panel. Moreover both in flours and breads protein, lipids, mineral compounds, dietary fiber (soluble and insoluble fraction) and β-glucans content were analyzed by AOAC methods.

Antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of Bacillus methylotrophicus-SCS2012 isolated from soil.

Abstract: The strain Bacillus methylotrophicus-SCS2012 (Bacillus sp. SCS2012) identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing was isolated from soil. Ethyl acetate extract of B. methylotrophicus-SCS2012 showed antibacterial activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The crude metabolite extracted from B. methylotrophicus-SCS2012 exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Streptococcus agalactae, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei and Shigella dysenteriae with the zone of inhibition range 28.33 to 32.16 mm at 100μg/disc. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract against Streptococcus agalactae, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei and Shigella dysenteriae was found to be 156, 156, 312, 312 and 625μg/ml respectively. The ethyl acetate extract also exhibited cytotoxic effects on brine shrimp lethality bioassay with LC50 value of 10.78 g/ml. Thus the ethyl acetate extract of Bacillus methylotrophicus-SCS2012 has broad spectrum activity with moderate cytotoxicity. JMBFS / Dev Sharma et al. 2013 : 2 (4) 2293-2307 2294