Showing papers in "Theoretical Population Biology in 1986"

TL;DR: The relationship between the evolutionary fitness of individual foragers and the size of foraging groups is investigated by means of a series of simple mathematical models, leading to the concept of Behaviorally Robust Strategies.

TL;DR: In this paper, a model for a single species population which propagates in a heterogeneous environment in a one dimensional space is presented, where two kinds of patches with different diffusivities and intrinsic growth rates are alternately arranged along the spatial axis.

TL;DR: It is shown that several kinds of refuges can exert a locally destabilizing effect and create stable, large-amplitude oscillations which would damp out if no refuge was present, and this finding contrasts sharply with the usual view.

TL;DR: It is found that the evolutionarily stable strategy sex ratio (males:females) for diploids is 1- rho m:1 - rho f, where rhoMf is the regression coefficient of relatedness of the controlling genotypes on males competing for mates, and there is no inbreeding.

TL;DR: The optimal allocation of energy to growth and reproduction is considered for three different cases, i.e., a single reproduction (semelparity), reproduction through repeated discrete clutches, and continuous reproduction.

TL;DR: This paper analyzes the adaptive responses to competition (both character displacement and niche shift) in a two consumer-two resource model and argues that conditions allowing parallel or convergent displacement are not biologically unlikely, and possible examples are discussed.

TL;DR: Roughgarden and Roughgarden as mentioned in this paper developed a model for the demography of an open spacelimited population, where larvae were assumed to settle onto vacant space in the local population.

TL;DR: Techniques of genealogy reconstruction based on genetic likelihoods of parent-offspring relationships are explored and a strong positive correlation between single parent and parent pair likelihoods within triplets is shown.

TL;DR: Models developed for the dynamics of multi-species communities of annual plants that lack seed dormancy demonstrate that dispersal may markedly influence the outcome of competition among plant species, even in a physically homogeneous environment, due to an effect of dispersal on the spatial distribution of individuals.

TL;DR: A game theory model is used to investigate the existence and form of a stable distribution of body sizes in a population and it is found that a single body size or even a narrow range of sizes cannot be stable.

TL;DR: A deterministic two-locus population genetic model with random mating with viability-analogous Hardy-Weinberg equilibria is studied and it is shown that at theseEquilibria a reduction principle for the success of new mutation-modifying alleles is valid.

TL;DR: A genealogical proof of this result equates the labelling of balls in the urn to the partition by age of alleles in the sample, which is seen to be equivalent to the size biased permutation of the Poisson-Dirichlet distribution.

TL;DR: Neither model provides the conditions allowing spread of an allele when rare which are obtained by assuming as constant the level of inbreeding depression associated with the equilibrium genetic structure dictated by the common mating strategy.

TL;DR: This work considers the "ascertainment problem" arising when families are sampled by a nonrandom sampling process and, for the purpose of estimating genetic parameters, some assumption must be made about the process by which families enter the sample.

TL;DR: A model of the dynamics of a single metapopulation with space-limited subpopulations is extended to include interspecific competition for space; a necessary condition for stable regional coexisitence of many species, and the condition for successful invasion of a new species into a region are derived.

TL;DR: General models to predict sex ratio and clutch size simultaneously for those organisms in which members of a clutch interact to affect each other's fitness can be shown to predict both optimal sex ratios and clutch sizes.

TL;DR: The Monte Carlo computer model of the speciation process is studied and it is shown that under some intensities of disruptive selection the final state of a population depends initial state.

TL;DR: Genetic models of colony-level selection applicable to diploid and haplodiploids and social Hymenoptera are analysed and worker-produced males alter the conditions for the existence of a polymorphic equilibrium, and shift the male and female equilibrium gene frequencies.

TL;DR: Male guarding behavior in several species seems to agree with the predictions of the ESS, and the perfect guarding strategy has more advantages than the non-guarding strategy when the preoviposition period is short.

TL;DR: These models mostly assume that the TE performs no function for the host, and that the reduction in fitness with increased copy number is due to effects such as the impairment of beneficial genes by transposition or homologous recombination.

TL;DR: In this paper, a general first-order nonlinear differential equation is derived for the dynamics of a population in such a way that the inherent growth rate r and the equilibrium "carrying capacity" K appear explicitly as parameters.

TL;DR: It is concluded that social factors such as the “social fence” tend to stabilize population density; hence, if density cycles are observed in nature, it seems reasonable to conclude thatdensity cycles are driven by, for example, trophic interactions and not by social factors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a central place foraging model that shows how payoff asymmetries originate in contests for access to resources and how interference competition at resource points lowers the rate at which foragers can load prey, thereby depressing the rate of food delivery to the central place.

TL;DR: Populations with fecundity schedules of short duration relative to the length of the juvenile phase are likely to have fitness functions with plateaus and no distinct optimum, depending on the relationship between temporal changes in age structure and the predicted position of the optimum.

TL;DR: Variation in fecundity and survivorship will not translate into variation in the optimum and, therefore, should not keep the mean of the distribution of switching times from approaching the optimum.

TL;DR: Three models of age-structured populations with demographically heterogeneous subpopulations are analyzed and it is shown that disequilibrium will result in a finite loss or gain in life which is proportional to the sum of the disequ equilibrium measures.

TL;DR: Numerical results indicate that the exchangeables and homogeneous models are both qualitatively correct, the exchangeable model is sometimes too inaccurate for quantitative conclusions, and the homogeneous model is always more accurate than the exchangeability one and is always sufficiently accurate for quantitative conclusion.

TL;DR: This paper describes the dynamics of a continuously reproducing diploid population with two alleles at one locus by modifying the basic density-dependent logistic growth model by inserting three possible types of frequency dependence in the fitness functions.

TL;DR: Some numerical results were presented for the effects of linkage, extinction, migration, and sampling on the variances of various measures of linkage disequilibrium and genetic differentiation and some results were compared with the approximate numerical results of Ohta.