Showing papers in "Tubercle and Lung Disease in 1993"

TL;DR: The findings imply that cases of HIV-associated pulmonary tuberculosis may frequently be missed and emphasise the need for new diagnostic methods.

TL;DR: The study reveals gaps and weaknesses in the private doctors' reported practice of managing lung tuberculosis, the most important and persistent problem of public health concern in India.

TL;DR: A total of 266 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were subjected to DNA RFLP analysis and it was evident that almost every patient was infected with a strain with a different band pattern (fingerprint).

TL;DR: Compliance with preventive therapy was highest among those who had been in contact with an active case, and lowest among those identified through a workforce screening survey, and among patients identified to have suboptimal compliance.

TL;DR: A significant finding was that even among those who had taken less than 50% of their treatment, 56% were bacteriologically negative, however, inadequate or irregular chemotherapy resulted in over four times the mortality and about twice the rate of smear positivity as compared with those taking adequate chemotherapy.

TL;DR: It has been recommended in the past that corticosteroids should be used routinely in endobronchial TB, especially pediatric disease, but recent experience has been that such therapy is not usually required.

TL;DR: In comparison with the intradermal route of vaccination, aerogenic vaccination with 10(5) BCG cfu induced higher local cellular immune responses and a substantially improved protective effect, demonstrating that the aerogenic route of vaccinations with BCG has no harmful side-effects for the host.

TL;DR: Even in the absence of an enforceable national programme for the eradication of tuberculosis, the economic standard and wide availability of free treatment for active cases has resulted in relatively low rates of prevalence of tuberculin sensitivity in children in Saudi Arabia.

TL;DR: In this paper, a study was conducted to ascertain the risk of tuberculosis infection and breakdown rate from infection to disease in 165 854 newborns following a period of 6 years, and the average risk of infection in children aged 0-6 years was low (0.046%).

TL;DR: 15 cases of peripheral joint tuberculosis presenting to a tertiary referral hospital are reviewed, with a characteristic presentation, and the diagnosis was initially missed in 10, leading to delay in instituting correct treatment.

TL;DR: Although the evidence has provided substantial insight into the occurrence and pathogenesis of respiratory disorders in agriculture, further investigation is necessary and there is a need for research involving accurate assessment of exposures and their respiratory effects.

TL;DR: Thoracoscopy is useful for diagnosis of a number of lung diseases and classification based on the endoscopic aspects of the lung according to the classification of Vanderschueren allows a better selection of therapeutic alternatives.

TL;DR: The study results clearly indicate the importance of motivating personnel in the field to attain better case management, and improve treatment performance in the study areas.

TL;DR: The majority of patients were treated with isoniazid and rifampin, with a minority receiving streptomycin or pyrazinamide in the initial intensive phase and response to therapy was excellent and there were no deaths.

TL;DR: To examine the bacteriological profile and the prevalence of drug resistance among patients attending the health facilities where the District Tuberculosis Programme was in operation with short-course chemotherapy (SCC) regimens, sputum specimens were collected on admission and the end of treatment in North Arcot district and Pondicherry region.

TL;DR: A controlled clinical trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of three alternative health education strategies and to observe which of them improves compliance with antituberculosis chemoprophylaxis in healthy tuberculin-reactor children.

TL;DR: There was a considerable geographic difference in sensitin reactivity, low in an inland rural area compared to a coastal urban area, and children reacting to PPD RT23 had probably not been infected by M. tuberculosis but more likely by atypical mycobacteria.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the absence of a peripheral lymphopaenia makes it very unlikely that there will be tuberculous localization in the bone marrow.

TL;DR: A case control study in Western Kenya from April 1989 to August 1990 to evaluate HIV-1 infection as a risk factor for tuberculosis and leprosy found that approximately 31% of tuberculosis cases among males, and 11% of cases among females, were attributable to HIV infection.

TL;DR: Three dialysis patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis developed confusion 4-14 days after commencement of treatment with anti-tuberculosis drugs, despite the use of prophylactic pyridoxine, and full recovery of conscious state resulted within 1 week in all patients after stopping isoniazid.

TL;DR: Cases of new or reactivated tuberculosis (TB) reported in Canadian residents during 1985-1987 were analyzed by geographic region relative to the geographic distribution of groups known to be at high risk.

TL;DR: The scale of the increase in resource utilisation and treatment costs for tuberculosis control services caused by the HIV epidemic is determined by using routinely collected data and results from research studies at the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Nairobi.

TL;DR: The tuberculosis situation has improved significantly in every aspect in the last 25 years and the annual risk of infection has dropped by over 6% annually.

TL;DR: It appears that on concomitant administration of pyrazinamide in patients on rifampicin therapy, AUC of rifampsicin is decreased while its clearance is increased.

TL;DR: In this article, DNA fingerprinting techniques were used to type the isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from two patients who developed rifampicin resistance whilst on treatment and no differences were found between the fingerprints of isolates from before and after the development of resistance.

TL;DR: A 38-year-old black male with a rare combination of disseminated tuberculosis together with a reactive histiocytic haemophagocytic syndrome and tuberculosis hypersplenism and splenectomy remains well with normal blood counts 1 year later.

TL;DR: In this paper, the clinical utility of a new biphasic culture system (Roche MB Check system) for the recovery of mycobacteria was evaluated in comparison with a conventional egg based medium.

TL;DR: The number of nonvaccinated children developing tuberculosis was so small that mass application of BCG has been found to be redundant and the important advantage of not using the vaccination is the maintenance of the epidemiological and diagnostic value of tuberculin tests.