Journal ArticleDOI
A canonical problem in electromagnetic backscattering from buildings
TLDR
A geometric and electromagnetic model of a typical element of urban structure is presented, in order to analytically evaluate in closed form its electromagnetic return to an active microwave sensor to understand what information on geometric and dielectric properties of a building can be extracted from microwave remote sensing data.Abstract:
In this paper, a geometric and electromagnetic model of a typical element of urban structure is presented, in order to analytically evaluate in closed form its electromagnetic return to an active microwave sensor. This model can be used to understand what information on geometric and dielectric properties of a building can be extracted from microwave remote sensing data. The geometrical model consists of a rectangular parallelepiped whose vertical walls form a generic angle with respect to the sensor line of flight. The parallelepiped is placed on a rough surface. The radar return from such a structure can be decomposed into single-scattering contributions from the (rough) ground, the building roof (a plane surface in our model), and vertical walls and multiple scattering contributions from dihedral structures formed by vertical walls and ground. In our model, single-scattering contributions are evaluated by using either physical optics (PO) or geometrical optics (GO), depending on surface roughness. In order to account for multiple scattering between buildings and terrain, we use GO to evaluate the field reflected by the smooth wall toward the ground (first bounce) or the sensor (second or third bounce) and GO or PO (according to ground surface roughness) to evaluate the field scattered by the ground toward the wall (first or second bounce) or the sensor (second bounce). Finally, the above model is used to analyze the field backscattered from a building as a function of the main scene parameters; in particular, the angle between vertical walls and sensor line of night and the dependence on the look angle are analyzed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Applications of 3D City Models: State of the Art Review
TL;DR: This study demonstrates that 3D city models are employed in at least 29 use cases that are a part of more than 100 applications that could be useful for scientists as well as stakeholders in the geospatial industry.
Journal ArticleDOI
Earthquake Damage Assessment of Buildings Using VHR Optical and SAR Imagery
TL;DR: A novel method that detects buildings destroyed in an earthquake using pre-event VHR optical and post-event detected VHR SAR imagery and is demonstrated the feasibility and the effectiveness of the method for a subset of the town of Yingxiu, China.
Journal ArticleDOI
Four-Dimensional SAR Imaging for Height Estimation and Monitoring of Single and Double Scatterers
TL;DR: This work addresses for the first time the application of 4-D SAR imaging to real data to determine the height and mean deformation velocity of single scatterers and double-scattering mechanisms interfering at high resolution in the same pixel.
Journal ArticleDOI
An algorithm for operational flood mapping from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data using fuzzy logic
TL;DR: An algorithm developed to map flooded areas from synthetic aperture radar imagery is presented and is conceived to be inserted in the operational flood management system of the Italian Civil Protection and can be used in an almost automatic mode or in an interactive mode, depending on the user's needs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Building Recognition From Multi-Aspect High-Resolution InSAR Data in Urban Areas
TL;DR: Two approaches are proposed to detect and reconstruct buildings of different size from multi-aspect high-resolution InSAR data sets and focus on the recognition of buildings supported by knowledge-based analysis considering the mentioned SAR-specific effects observed in urban areas.
References
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R.G. Kouyoumjian,P.H. Pathak +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a compact dyadic diffraction coefficient for electromagnetic waves obliquely incident on a curved edse formed by perfectly conducting curved plane surfaces is obtained, which is based on Keller's method of the canonical problem, which in this case is the perfectly conducting wedge illuminated by cylindrical, conical, and spherical waves.
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Synthetic Aperture Radar Processing
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SAR applications in human settlement detection, population estimation and urban land use pattern analysis: a status report
F.M. Henderson,Zong-Guo Xia +1 more
TL;DR: A status report on the applications of SAR in settlement detection, population estimation, assessment of the impact of human activities on the physical environment, mapping and analyzing urban land use patterns, and interpretation of socioeconomic characteristics is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Radar backscatter analysis for urban environments
Y. Dong,B. Forster,C. Ticehurst +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, the dominant backscattering mechanisms such as single bounce from roofs, double bounce from wall-ground structures and possibly triple bounce from walls-wall ground structures, and their relative contributions to the backscatter are examined.