Open AccessProceedings Article
A directional modulation technique for secure communication based on 4D antenna arrays
Quanjiang Zhu,Shiwen Yang,Ruilin Yao,Zaiping Nie +3 more
- pp 125-127
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TLDR
The fundamental working principle of the 4D array is firstly introduced by studying the radiation pattern in the time and frequency domain, respectively, and the directional modulation effect on signals transmitted by the 4d array is introduced based on the transmitted signal spectrum analysis.Abstract:
Four-dimensional (4D) antenna arrays are formed by introducing a new dimension, time, into traditional arrays operating in 3D space. In this paper, the fundamental working principle of the 4D array is firstly introduced by studying the radiation pattern in the time and frequency domain, respectively. Then, the directional modulation effect on signals transmitted by the 4D array is introduced based on the transmitted signal spectrum analysis. Finally, BPSK signal transmission through the 4D array is studied to demonstrate the effect. Different from traditional arrays, the 4D array transmits direction-modulated signals, which is beneficial for secure communication.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Review of Directional Modulation Technology
Yuan Ding,Vincent Fusco +1 more
TL;DR: The origin of the DM concept and development in recent years are reviewed, including its mathematical model, assessment metrics, synthesis approaches, physical realizations, and finally its potential aspects for future studies are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Directional Modulation Far-field Pattern Separation Synthesis Approach
Yuan Ding,Vincent Fusco +1 more
TL;DR: In this study, a far-field power pattern separation approach is proposed for the synthesis of directional modulation (DM) transmitter arrays and it is demonstrated how multi-beam DM transmitters can be synthesised via this approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Synthesis-Free Directional Modulation Transmitter Using Retrodirective Array
Yuan Ding,Vincent Fusco +1 more
TL;DR: It is proved that, besides the conventional DM application scenario, the proposed synthesis-free DM transmitter should also perform well for systems where there are more than one legitimate receiver positioned along different directions in free space, and where one or more legitimate receivers exist in a multipath environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fourier Rotman Lens Enabled Directional Modulation Transmitter
TL;DR: It is shown that Fourier Rotman DM functionality enhances system security performance in terms of narrower decodable low BER region and higher BER values associated with BER sidelobes especially under high signal to noise ratio (SNR) scenarios.
Developments in Directional Modulation Technology
Yuan Ding,Vincent Fusco +1 more
TL;DR: Directional modulation, as a promising physical-layer security technique, is able to secure wireless communications by virtue of the property of its direction-dependent signal modulation format transmission.
References
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Ultra-low sidelobes from time-modulated arrays
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented an antenna pattern with ultra-low sidelobes for an experimental receiving array designed with time-modulated slot radiators using on-off RF switches which are programmed in a predetermined sequence to produce the desired pattern.
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Directional Modulation Technique for Phased Arrays
TL;DR: In this article, a directional modulation (DM) technique using a phased array to produce the modulation is presented, where the desired amplitude and phase of each symbol in a digital modulation scheme can be produced in a given direction with data rates determined by the switching speed of the phase shifters.
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Four-dimensional electromagnetic radiators
H. E. Shanks,R. W. Bickmore +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe an entirely new and fundamental technique which has wide application to many fields of the antenna art as well as important system implications, and the essence of this philosophy is described.
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Handling Sideband Radiations in Time-Modulated Arrays Through Particle Swarm Optimization
TL;DR: The minimization of the power losses in time-modulated arrays is addressed by means of a suitable strategy based on particle swarm optimization, aimed at reducing the amount of wasted power, analytically computed through a very effective closed-form relationship.
Journal ArticleDOI
Signal Radiation and Power Losses of Time-Modulated Arrays
TL;DR: A closed form expression for the total power associated to sideband radiation is obtained, very convenient for the implementation of real-time optimization of the system.
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