Journal ArticleDOI
A method to predict the Raman gain spectra of germanosilicate fibers with arbitrary index profiles
TLDR
In this article, the authors present a technique for calculating the Raman gain spectra of germanosilicate fibers from their index profiles, which depend on radial profiles of the guided optical modes and the glass composition.Abstract:
In this letter, we present a technique for calculating the Raman gain spectra of germanosilicate fibers from their index profiles. The gain spectra depend on radial profiles of the guided optical modes and the glass composition, in particular the distribution of Si-O-Si and Ge-O-Si bridging bonds. We have obtained spectral coefficients, which represent the contributions from these bonds using Raman gain measurements made on a set of calibration fibers with well-characterized index profiles. We describe how these spectral coefficients can be used in the design of Raman gain fibers, and we demonstrate the accuracy of our technique over a broad range of fiber types.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Raman amplification for fiber communications systems
TL;DR: In this article, the fundamental properties of gain from stimulated Raman scattering are discussed, and the merits of distributing Raman gain along a transmission fiber are explained, and other sources of noise that are particularly relevant for Raman amplifiers are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Actively Q-switched fiber lasers: Switching dynamics and nonlinear processes
Yong Wang,Chang-Qing Xu +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the switching dynamics in the linear and ring fiber cavities were analyzed under different fiber, pumping and switching conditions by using the traveling wave method, which leads to a new understanding of Q-switched fiber lasers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Scaling of the Raman gain coefficient: applications to germanosilicate fibers
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive analysis of the temperature dependence of a Raman amplifier and the scaling of the Raman gain coefficient with wavelength, modal overlap, and material composition is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long-distance FBG sensor system using a linear-cavity fiber Raman laser scheme
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system using a linear-cavity fiber laser scheme with a distributed Raman amplifier as a gain medium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Raman Amplification: An Enabling Technology for Long-Haul Coherent Transmission Systems
TL;DR: This tutorial reviews the benefits of Raman amplification, defines methods to analyze system performance, and describes the issues involved with system deployment and operation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of the neutron, Raman, and infrared vibrational spectra of vitreous SiO 2 , GeO 2 , and BeF 2
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonlinearity in fiber transmission
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a procedure for estimating critical power for nonlinear optical processes in single-mode fiber transmission systems, and showed that the effects of self-phase modulation and stimulated Brillouin scattering can appear around 100 mW.
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100 nm bandwidth flat-gain Raman amplifiers pumped and gain-equalised by 12-wavelength-channel WDM laser diode unit
TL;DR: In this paper, a 12-wavelength-channel WDM pumping unit with high-power GRINSCH strained layer MQW BH laser diode modules was used to achieve gain flatness less than /spl plusmn/0.5 dB, which was achieved through the asymmetric channel allocation of the pump and without the use of any gain equalisation filters.
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Raman spectra of binary high-silica glasses and fibers containing GeO2, P2O5 and B2O3
TL;DR: In this paper, the Raman spectra of binary high-silica glasses have been studied, and the main peaks at 808 cm −1 and 710 cm − 1 in vitreous B 2 O 3 and Vitreous P 2 O 5, respectively, are greatly reduced.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relationship between composition, density and refractive index for germania silica glasses
TL;DR: In this paper, the density and the refractive index for various compositions of binary SiO2GeO2 glass prepared by a flame deposition technique, similar to that used to make low-loss optical waveguides, have been measured by standard Archimedes method and the Becke line method, respectively.