Journal ArticleDOI
A New Double-Moment Microphysics Parameterization for Application in Cloud and Climate Models. Part I: Description
TLDR
In this paper, a double-moment bulk microphysics scheme predicting the number concentrations and mixing ratios of four hydrometeor species (droplets, cloud ice, rain, snow) is described.Abstract:
A new double-moment bulk microphysics scheme predicting the number concentrations and mixing ratios of four hydrometeor species (droplets, cloud ice, rain, snow) is described. New physically based parameterizations are developed for simulating homogeneous and heterogeneous ice nucleation, droplet activation, and the spectral index (width) of the droplet size spectra. Two versions of the scheme are described: one for application in high-resolution cloud models and the other for simulating grid-scale cloudiness in larger-scale models. The versions differ in their treatment of the supersaturation field and droplet nucleation. For the high-resolution approach, droplet nucleation is calculated from Kohler theory applied to a distribution of aerosol that activates at a given supersaturation. The resolved supersaturation field and condensation/deposition rates are predicted using a semianalytic approximation to the three-phase (vapor, ice, liquid) supersaturation equation. For the large-scale version of the scheme, it is assumed that the supersaturation field is not resolved and thus droplet activation is parameterized as a function of the vertical velocity and diabatic cooling rate. The vertical velocity includes a subgrid component that is parameterized in terms of the eddy diffusivity and mixing length. Droplet condensation is calculated using a quasi-steady, saturation adjustment approach. Evaporation/deposition onto the other water species is given by nonsteady vapor diffusion allowing excess vapor density relative to ice saturation.read more
Citations
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A Description of the Advanced Research WRF Version 3
C. Skamarock,B. Klemp,Jimy Dudhia,O. Gill,Dale Barker,G. Duda,Xiang-Yu Huang,Wei Wang,G. Powers +8 more
TL;DR: The Technical Note series provides an outlet for a variety of NCAR manuscripts that contribute in specialized ways to the body of scientific knowledge but which are not suitable for journal, monograph, or book publication.
Numerical study of convection observed during the Winter Monsoon Experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model [presentation]
TL;DR: In this article, a two-dimensional version of the Pennsylvania State University mesoscale model has been applied to Winter Monsoon Experiment data in order to simulate the diurnally occurring convection observed over the South China Sea.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of Cloud Microphysics on the Development of Trailing Stratiform Precipitation in a Simulated Squall Line: Comparison of One- and Two-Moment Schemes
TL;DR: A two-moment cloud microphysics scheme predicting the mixing ratios and number concentrations of five species (i.e., cloud droplets, cloud ice, snow, rain, and graupel) has been implemented into the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
A New Two-Moment Bulk Stratiform Cloud Microphysics Scheme in the Community Atmosphere Model, Version 3 (CAM3). Part I: Description and Numerical Tests
Hugh Morrison,Andrew Gettelman +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a two-moment stratiform cloud microphysics scheme in a general circulation model is described, which treats several microphysical processes, including hydrometeor collection, condensation/ evaporation, freezing, melting, and sedimentation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Development of an Effective Double-Moment Cloud Microphysics Scheme with Prognostic Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) for Weather and Climate Models
Kyo-Sun Sunny Lim,Song-You Hong +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new double-moment bulk cloud microphysics scheme based on the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Double-Moment 6-class (WDM6) Microphysics was developed.
References
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Book
Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on one major aspect of cloud microphysics, which involves the processes that lead to the formation of individual cloud and precipitation particles, and provide an account of the major characteristics of atmospheric aerosol particles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Numerical Study of Convection Observed during the Winter Monsoon Experiment Using a Mesoscale Two-Dimensional Model
TL;DR: In this article, a two-dimensional version of the Pennsylvania State University mesoscale model has been applied to Winter Monsoon Experiment data in order to simulate the diurnally occurring convection observed over the South China Sea.
Numerical study of convection observed during the Winter Monsoon Experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model [presentation]
TL;DR: In this article, a two-dimensional version of the Pennsylvania State University mesoscale model has been applied to Winter Monsoon Experiment data in order to simulate the diurnally occurring convection observed over the South China Sea.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aerosols, cloud microphysics, and fractional cloudiness.
TL;DR: Increases in aerosol concentrations over the oceans may increase the amount of low-level cloudiness through a reduction in drizzle—a process that regulates the liquid-water content and the energetics of shallow marine clouds—to contribute to a cooling of the earth's surface.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bulk Parameterization of the Snow Field in a Cloud Model
TL;DR: In this paper, a two-dimensional, time-dependent cloud model was used to simulate a moderate intensity thunderstorm for the High Plains region, where six forms of water substance (water vapor, cloud water, cloud ice, rain, snow and hail) were simulated.