Journal ArticleDOI
A signal detection theoretic approach for estimating metacognitive sensitivity from confidence ratings.
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TLDR
The measure meta-d', which reflects how much information, in signal-to-noise units, is available for metacognition, is called, and is found that subjects' metacognitive sensitivity was close to, but significantly below, optimality.About:
This article is published in Consciousness and Cognition.The article was published on 2012-03-01. It has received 596 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Two-alternative forced choice.read more
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How to measure metacognition
TL;DR: Other measures based on signal detection theory and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis that are “bias free,” are reviewed, and these quantities are related to the calibration and discrimination measures developed in the probability estimation literature.
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The Neural Basis of Metacognitive Ability
TL;DR: The psychological and neural underpinnings of metacognitive accuracy are reviewed, and a neural synthesis in which dorsolateral and anterior prefrontal cortical subregions interact with interoceptive cortices (cingulate and insula) to promote accurate judgements of performance is proposed.
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Metacognition in human decision-making: confidence and error monitoring.
TL;DR: This review considers progress in characterizing the neural and mechanistic basis of these related aspects of metacognition—confidence judgements and error monitoring—and identifies crucial points of convergence between methods and theories in the two fields.
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Self-evaluation of decision-making: A general Bayesian framework for metacognitive computation.
TL;DR: A general Bayesian framework in which self-evaluation is cast as a “second-order” inference on a coupled but distinct decision system, computationally equivalent to inferring the performance of another actor is presented.
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Prefrontal Contributions to Metacognition in Perceptual Decision Making
TL;DR: It is shown that activity in right rostrolateral prefrontal cortex (rlPFC) satisfies three constraints for a role in metac cognitive aspects of decision-making and is discussed in a theoretical framework where rlPFC re-represents object-level decision uncertainty to facilitate metacognitive report.
References
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Book
Detection Theory: A User's Guide
TL;DR: This book discusses Detection and Discrimination of Compound Stimuli: Tools for Multidimensional Detection Theory and Multi-Interval Discrimination Designs and Adaptive Methods for Estimating Empirical Thresholds.
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A comparison of current measures of the accuracy of feeling-of-knowing predictions
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Two-stage dynamic signal detection: a theory of choice, decision time, and confidence.
TL;DR: A random walk/diffusion theory-2-stage dynamic signal detection (2DSD) theory-that accounts for all 3 measures using a common underlying process that explains all known interrelationships between the 3 indices of performance.
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Empirical support for higher-order theories of conscious awareness
TL;DR: This work defends the higher-order view against several major criticisms, such as prefrontal activity reflects attention but not awareness, and prefrontal lesion does not abolish awareness.