A toy model of black hole complementarity

TLDR: In this article, the authors consider the algebra of simple operators defined in a time band in a CFT with a holographic dual and show that this algebra obeys a version of the Reeh-Schlieder theorem: the action of the algebra can approximate any low energy state in the CFT arbitrarily well, but no operator within this algebra can exactly annihilate the vacuum.

Abstract: We consider the algebra of simple operators defined in a time band in a CFT with a holographic dual. When the band is smaller than the light crossing time of AdS, an entire causal diamond in the center of AdS is separated from the band by a horizon. We show that this algebra obeys a version of the Reeh-Schlieder theorem: the action of the algebra on the CFT vacuum can approximate any low energy state in the CFT arbitrarily well, but no operator within the algebra can exactly annihilate the vacuum. We show how to relate local excitations in the complement of the central diamond to simple operators in the band. Local excitations within the diamond are invisible to the algebra of simple operators in the band by causality, but can be related to complicated operators called “precursors”. We use the Reeh-Schlieder theorem to write down a simple and explicit formula for these precursors on the boundary. We comment on the implications of our results for black hole complementarity and the emergence of bulk locality from the boundary.