Book ChapterDOI
Air Pollution: Synthesis of the Role of Major Air Pollutants in Determining Forest Health and Productivity
Ivan J. Fernandez
- pp 217-239
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TLDR
In this paper, no cause and effect relationship has been conclusively demonstrated between regional versus local atmospheric deposition and forest deterioration and no adjustments in forest management decisions which might reduce the possible effects of atmospheric deposition.Abstract:
Forested ecosystems are exposed to not only a physical climate, but also a modern chemical climate which has the potential to alter forest health and productivity. Recently, unexplained forest deterioration has been identified throughout extensive areas in central Europe, at high elevation coniferous sites, and apparently in commercial forestlands in the eastern United States. Deposition of pollutants from the atmosphere is suspect in playing a role in these forest deterioration phenomena. To date, no cause and effect relationship has been conclusively demonstrated between regional versus local atmospheric deposition and forest deterioration. The major hypotheses currently thought to deserve the focus of scientific investigation deal with forest alterations due to (1) gaseous pollutants (primarily O3), (2) a fertilization effect (primarily from N), (3) acpd deposition effects on foliage and soils, (4) trace metals (e.g. Pb, Cu, Cd, Ni, Zn), (5) general stress from air pollutants, and (6) deposition of organic growth altering substances. Not enough is yet known to suggest adjustments in forest management decisions which might reduce the possible effects of atmospheric deposition. However, foresters must keep informed about the current state-of-knowledge on the air pollution and forest effects issue as we all will play a role in management and policy decisions which shape the character of the environment in which future forests will grow.read more
Citations
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BookDOI
Acidic Deposition and Aquatic Ecosystems
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present historical sulfur emission and deposition trends for regions in the United States and describe methods for assessing changes in water chemistry based on current spatial patterns, ion ratios and empirical models, and paleolimnological approaches.
References
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BookDOI
Effects of the Accumulation of Air Pollutants in Forest Ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical Changes Due To Acid Precipitation In A Loess-Derived Soil In Central Europe
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of acid precipitation on chemical soil state and ion fluxes in the ecosystem between 1966 and 1979 was investigated in a stand of Fagus silvatica in the Solling highlands, Germany.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acid deposition and forest decline.
TL;DR: The authors find several possible pathways for acid deposition to contribute to spruce mortality, but none are supported by convincing evidence and there is evidence for the triggering effect of drought in a situation of multiple stresses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cloud Droplet Deposition in Subalpine Balsam Fir Forests: Hydrological and Chemical Inputs
TL;DR: Subalpine forests of the northern Appalachians are subject to significant deposition of water and chemicals via cloud droplet impaction by a method linking micrometeorological measures of turbulent transfer, a detailed representation of canopy structure, and experimentally derived capture efficiencies.