Are measured ground control points still required in uav based large scale mapping? assessing the positional accuracy of an rtk multi-rotor platform
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An assessment of the real performances of an RTK multi-rotor platform addressing several questions: is it possible to generate added-value products with centimetre 3D accuracies without measuring any ground control point?Abstract:
. The estimate of External Orientation (E.O.) parameters for a block of images is a crucial step in the photogrammetric pipeline and the most demanding in terms of required time and human effort, both during the fieldwork and post-processing phases. Different researchers developed strategies to minimize the impact of this phase. Despite the achievement of good results, it was not possible until now to completely cancel the effect of this step. However, the efforts of the researchers in these years have also been devoted to the implementation of direct photogrammetry strategies, in order to almost completely automate the E.O. of the photogrammetric block. These new approaches were made possible also thanks to the latest developments of commercial UAVs, especially in terms of the installed GPS/GNSS (Global Positioning System/Global Navigation Satellite System) hardware. The aim of this manuscript is to evaluate the different perspectives and issues connected with the deployment of a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) equipped with a multi-frequency GPS/GNSS receiver. Starting from the considerations mentioned above and leveraging previous works based on a fixed-wing platform, the focus of this contribution is the assessment of the real performances of an RTK multi-rotor platform addressing several questions. Is it possible to generate added-value products with centimetre 3D accuracies without measuring any ground control point? Which are the operational requirements to be taken into account in the planning phase? Are consolidated UAV mapping operational workflows already available to enable a robust direct georeferencing approach?read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Boosting the Timeliness of UAV Large Scale Mapping. Direct Georeferencing Approaches: Operational Strategies and Best Practices
TL;DR: This work investigates the possibilities offered by a multirotor commercial system equipped with a RTK-enabled GNSS receiver, focusing on the accuracy of the georeferencing phase of the UAVs’ photogrammetric pipeline.
Journal ArticleDOI
Direct Georeferencing UAV-SfM in High-Relief Topography: Accuracy Assessment and Alternative Ground Control Strategies along Steep Inaccessible Rock Slopes
TL;DR: In this article , the authors examined more than 75 photogrammetric UAV-datasets with various imaging angles (nadir, oblique, and combinations) and ground control scenarios, including DG, along a steep slope exposure.
Journal ArticleDOI
UAV and GPR Data Integration in Glacier Geometry Reconstruction: A Case Study from Irenebreen, Svalbard
TL;DR: In this article , a combination of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurement data of Irenebreen, and high-resolution DEM and orthomosaic, obtained from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry, allowed for the reconstruction of the glacier geometry including thermal structure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Accuracy Assessment of UAV-Photogrammetric-Derived Products Using PPK and GCPs in Challenging Terrains: In Search of Optimized Rockfall Mapping
Barbara Žabota,Milan Kobal +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated how accurate photogrammetric products can be produced by using BBA without GCPs and auxiliary data, namely using the coordinates X0, Y0 and Z0 of the camera perspective centers computed with PPK (Post-Processing Kinematic).
Journal ArticleDOI
Accuracy Assessment of Direct Georeferencing for Photogrammetric Applications Based on UAS-GNSS for High Andean Urban Environments
Rolando Salas López,Renzo E. Terrones Murga,Jhonsy O. Silva-López,Nilton B. Rojas-Briceño,Darwin Gómez Fernández,Manuel Oliva-Cruz,Yuri Taddia +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper , a commercial multi-rotor system equipped with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver in an urban environment with a direct georeferencing (DG), real-time kinematic positioning (RTK)/post-processed Kinematic (PPK) approach was analyzed.
References
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