Journal ArticleDOI
Artificial Deformation of Skulls from Bronze Age and Iron Age Armenia
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TLDR
The results indicate that tumpline deformation and cradle deformation should be added to the suite of cranial deformations that were detected in Armenia, and it has been determined that the occipital modification is most likely unintentional.Abstract:
Cultural practices resulting in lasting modifications of the body can be a productive focus of investigation. Artificial cranial modification involves the alteration of cranial vault shape by cultural means, and is performed during infancy or early childhood while the cranial bones remain malleable. Our results indicate that tumpline deformation and cradle deformation should be added to the suite of cranial deformations that were detected in Armenia. It has been determined that the occipital modification is most likely unintentional. Post-coronal depression also appears to be unintentional. Cradle deformation is heavily influenced by infant sleep position, and constant supine positioning is a frequent cause of deformation during infancy. In the Armenian burials 32 skulls showing signs of cradle deformation are identified. Post-coronal depression, positioned on both parietals and slightly posterior to the coronal suture, was detected on 44 of the skulls. The deformation was a correlate of economic activities of the population and was an inadvertent consequence of carrying loads with a band across the parietal bones. In 12 cases a combination of the two types of deformation (tumpline and cradle), is observed. The only modification that has been classified as intentional is one case of parieto-temporal modification.
Key words: Armenia, Bronze Age, Iron Age, post-coronal depression, cradle deformation, parieto-temporal modificationread more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The genetic history of the Southern Arc: A bridge between West Asia and Europe
Iosif Lazaridis,Songül Alpaslan-Roodenberg,Ayşe Acar,Ayşen Açikkol,Anagnostis P. Agelarakis,Levon Aghikyan,Uğur Akyüz,Desislava C. Andreeva,Gojko Andrijašević,Dragana Antonović,Ian Armit,Alper Atmaca,Pavel Avetisyan,Ahmet İhsan Aytek,Krum Bacvarov,Ruben Badalyan,Stefan Bakardzhiev,Jacqueline Balen,Lorenc Bejko,Rebecca Bernardos,Andreas Bertsatos,H. Biber,Ahmet Bilir,Mario Bodružić,Michelle Bonogofsky,Clive Bonsall,Dusan Boric,Nikola Borovinić,Guillermo Bravo Morante,Katharina Buttinger,Kimberly Callan,Francesca Candilio,Mario Carić,Olivia Cheronet,Stefan Chohadzhiev,Maria-Eleni Chovalopoulou,Stella Chryssoulaki,Ion Ciobanu,Natalija Condic,Mihai Constantinescu,Emanuela Cristiani,Brendan J. Culleton,Elizabeth Curtis,Jack Davis,Tatiana I Demcenco,Valentin Dergachev,Zafer Derin,Sylvia Deskaj,Seda Devejyan,V Smilja Djordjevic,Kellie Sara Duffett Carlson,Laurie Eccles,Nedko Elenski,Atilla Engin,Nihat Erdoğan,Sabiha Erir-Pazarcı,Daniel Fernandes,Matthew Ferry,Suzanne Freilich,Alin Frînculeasa,Michael L. Galaty,Beatriz Gamarra,Boris Gasparyan,Bisserka Gaydarska,Elif Genç,Timur Gültekin,Serkan Gündüz,T. Hajdu,Volker M Heyd,Suren G. Hobosyan,Nelli Hovhannisyan,Iliya Georgiev Iliev,L.M. Iliev,Stanislav Iliev,İlkay İvgin,Ivor Janković,Lence Jovanova,Panagiotis Karkanas,Berna Kavaz-Kındığılı,Esra Kaya,Denise Keating,Douglas J. Kennett,Seda Deniz Kesici,Anahit Yu. Khudaverdyan,K. K. Kiss,Sinan Kiliç,P. Klostermann,Sinem Kostak Boca Negra Valdes,Sasa Kovacevic,Marta Krenz-Niedbała,Maja Krznarić Škrivanko,R. Steven Kurti,Pasko Kuzman,Ann Marie Lawson,Catalin Lazar,Krassimir Leshtakov,Thomas E. Levy,Ioannis Liritzis,Kirsi O. Lorentz,Sylwia Łukasik,Matthew Mah,Swapan Mallick,Kirsten Mandl,Kristine Martirosyan-Olshansky,Roger Matthews,Wendy Matthews,Kathleen McSweeney,Varduhi Melikyan,Adam Micco,Megan Michel,Lidija Milašinović,Alissa Mittnik,Janet Monge,Georgi Nekhrizov,R. Nicholls,Alexey G. Nikitin,Vassil Nikolov,Mario Novak,Iñigo Olalde,Jonas Oppenheimer,Anna J. Osterholtz,Celal Özdemir,Kadir T. Özdoğan,Nurettin Öztürk,Nikos A. Papadimitriou,Niki Papakonstantinou,Anastasia Papathanasiou,Lujana Paraman,Evgeny G Paskary,Nick Patterson,Ilian Petrakiev,L.S. Petrosyan,Vanya Petrova,Anna Philippa-Touchais,Ashot Piliposyan,Nada Pocuca Kuzman,Hrvoje Potrebica,Bianca Elena Preda-Balanica,Zrinka Premužić,T. Douglas Price,Lijun Qiu,Siniša Radović,Kamal Raeuf Aziz,Petra Rajic Sikanjic,Kamal Rasheed Raheem,S. Yu. Razumov,Amy Richardson,Jacob Roodenberg,Rudenc Ruka,Victoria Russeva,Mustafa Sahin,Aysegül Sarbak,Emre Savas,Constanze Schattke,Lynne A. Schepartz,Tayfun Selçuk,Ayla Sevim Erol,Michel Shamoon-Pour,H Shephard,A. Sideris,Angela Simalcsik,Hakob Simonyan,Vitalij Sinika,Kendra Sirak,Ghenadie Sîrbu,Mario Šlaus,Andrei Soficaru,Bilal Söğüt,A Sołtysiak,Çilem Sönmez-Sözer,Maria Stathi,Martin Steskal,Kristin Stewardson,Sharon R. Stocker,Fadime Suata-Alpaslan,Alexander Suvorov,Anna Szécsényi-Nagy,Tamás Szeniczey,N. P. Telnov,Strahil Temov,Nadezhda Todorova,Ulsi Tota,Gilles Touchais,Sevi Triantaphyllou,Atila Türker,Marija Ugarković,Todor Valchev,Fanica Veljanovska,Zlatko Videvski,Cristian Virag,Anna Wagner,Samuel Walsh,Piotr Włodarczak,J Noah Workman,A. Yardumian,Evgenii Yarovoy,Alper Yavuz,Hakan Yilmaz,Fatma Zalzala,Anni Zettl,Zhao Zhang,Rafet Cavusoglu,Nadin Rohland,Ron Pinhasi,David Reich +204 more
TL;DR: Lazaridis et al. as discussed by the authors analyzed 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, contextualizing its Chalcolithic period and Bronze Age (about 5000 to 1000 BCE), when extensive gene flow entangled it with the Eurasian steppe.
Radicular dens invaginatus in Late Bronze Age in Armenia
TL;DR: A case of type III dens invaginatus, identified on the maxillary right second premolar, unearthed from Quchak site (Aparan region) in Armenia, dated to the Late Bronze Age is presented.
Resorption of the alveolar region in Facies leprosy: a paleoanthropological and paleopathological analysis (Aragatsavan, Armenia): Resorption of the alveolar region in Facies leprosy
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Journal ArticleDOI
Population of the Armenian Higlands in the age of Antiquity (according of anthropological materials of urban and rural settlements)
A.Yu. Khudaverdyan,A.A. Hovhanisyan,A.A. Yengibaryan,R.Sh. Matevosyan,G.G. Qocharyan,P.S. Palanjan,Larisa G. Eganyan,A.A. Khachatryan +7 more
Abstract: Article is devoted to studying of bone remains from antique burial grounds from the territory of the Armenian Highland. Anthropological materials of burials consist of 322 skeletons and dated I–III c. AD. The article analyzes the differences in anthropological characteristics of urban and rural population of Armenia of Antiquity period. The work is based on classical craniometric and statistical research methods. Artificial cranial deformationare and unintended deformation of a cradle-type found among urban and rural populations. As an intragroup analysis showed, the main differences between male urban and rural population across the size of the width of the frontal bone and face. If the villagers face orthognatic, angle of horizontal profiling at the top level enters the category of averages, in urban women face mezognatik, the angle of horizontal profiling is characterized by small values. Intergroup analysis showed, closest to urban male groups it turned out the tribes of Chernyakhov culture and the population of the Middle East. A male part of the villagers shows intimacy with Scythians of Crimea, Ukraine and Transnistria. The female part of the towns’ people is close with the Scythians of Ukraine and Crim; villagers are morphologically similar to the carriers of the Middle Sarmatian cultures of the Don region, with a population of the first centuries AD from Tanais, European and Asian Bosporus. Morphological analogies with the population of Northern Turkmenistan (Tumek-Kichidzhik), Western Ukraine (Chernyakhov culture), Middle Dnieper and Moldova (Scythians) were also revealed. This circumstance confirms the fact of sustainable, constant migration flow to the territory of the Armenian Highlands.
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