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Patent

Balanced optical demodulator

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TLDR
In this article, a demodulator for optical signals is proposed, including a polarizer and mirror arrangement for combining the signals to be demodulated and optical local oscillator signals into a first and a second composite beam.
Abstract
A demodulator for optical signals, the contemplated demodulator including a polarizer and mirror arrangement for combining the signals to be demodulated and optical local oscillator signals into a first and a second composite beam, the first beam being modulated in a manner corresponding to the algebraic sum of the signals to be detected and the optical local oscillator signals and the second beam being modulated in a manner corresponding to the algebraic difference between such signals. Each composite beam is directed to a different photodetector and the difference signal between the electrical output signals of the photodetectors is derived. Such difference signal, which is proportional only to the product of the signals to be demodulated and a constant related to the optical local oscillator signals, may then be processed to derive the desired demodulated signals.

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References
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Patent

Optical heterodyne receiver with pulse widening or stretching

TL;DR: In this article, the overall signal-to-noise ratio is improved by widening in terms of time duration the information-modulated optical pulses so that their bandwidth is comparable to the bandwidth of the detector.
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Optical read system

TL;DR: In this article, a read system for optically detecting data written on a memory element was proposed, where a light beam is modulated by areas of the memory element and such modulation is detected for reading the data.