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BEAT: Blockchain-Enabled Accountable and Transparent Network Sharing in 6G.

TLDR
This work presents BEAT, an automated, transparent, and accountable end-to-end architecture for network sharing based on blockchain and smart contracts, due to its permissioned nature allowing for industry-compliant SLAs with stringent governance.
Abstract
Infrastructure sharing is a widely discussed and implemented approach and is successfully adopted in telecommunications networks today. In practice, it is implemented through prior negotiated Service Level Agreements (SLAs) between the parties involved. However, it is recognised that these agreements are difficult to negotiate, monitor and enforce. For future 6G networks, resource and infrastructure sharing is expected to play an even greater role. It will be a crucial technique for reducing overall infrastructure costs and increasing operational efficiencies for operators. More efficient SLA mechanisms are thus crucial to the success of future networks. In this work, we present "BEAT", an automated, transparent and accountable end-to-end architecture for network sharing based on blockchain and smart contracts. This work focuses on a particular type of blockchain, Permissioned Distributed Ledger (PDL), due to its permissioned nature allowing for industry-compliant SLAs with stringent governance. Our architecture can be implemented with minimal hardware changes and with minimal overheads.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Blockchain-Based Service Orchestration for 5G Vertical Industries in Multicloud Environment

TL;DR: In this article , a permissioned distributed ledger (PDL)-based blockchain supported architecture for a network management and orchestration platform is proposed, which focuses on creating a trusted environment for both Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) and Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) for managing the lifecycle of network services (e.g., instantiation, scaling, termination, etc.).
Journal ArticleDOI

Technological Transformation of Telco Operators towards Seamless IoT Edge-Cloud Continuum

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigate and discuss challenges in the telecommunication field from multiple perspectives, both academic and industry sides are catered for, surveying the main points of technological transformation toward edge-cloud continuum from the view of a telco operator to show the complete picture.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Role of DLT for Beyond 5G Systems and Services: A Vision

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present an overview of the key enablers, such as blockchain, permissioned distributed ledger technologies, and smart contract that can tackle the challenges of data security, privacy, and trust management in various potential beyond 5G and 6G application scenarios.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Role of DLT for Beyond 5G Systems and Services: A Vision

TL;DR: In this article , the authors present an overview of the key enablers, such as blockchain, permissioned distributed ledger technologies, and smart contract that can tackle the challenges of data security, privacy, and trust management in various potential beyond 5G and 6G application scenarios.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Blockchain-based SLA Management for Inter-Provider Agreements

TL;DR: In this article , a use case of a smart contract-based inter-provider agreement is considered, and novel solutions like IOTA Tangle to perform transactions, IPFS to store the hash of use case data files, and chainlink to access off-chain data feeds for SLA monitoring, reducing costs and increasing transparency.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

From network sharing to multi-tenancy: The 5G network slice broker

TL;DR: The concept of the 5G Network Slice Broker in 5G systems is introduced, which enables mobile virtual network operators, over-the-top providers, and industry vertical market players to request and lease resources from infrastructure providers dynamically via signaling means.

PBFT vs proof-of-authority: applying the CAP theorem to permissioned blockchain

TL;DR: The analysis advocates that PoA for per- missioned blockchains, deployed over the Internet with Byzantine nodes, do not provide adequate consistency guarantees for scenarios where data integrity is essential, and claims that PBFT can fit better such scenarios, despite a limited loss in terms of performance.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

FastFabric: Scaling Hyperledger Fabric to 20,000 Transactions per Second

TL;DR: This paper re-architects a modern permissioned blockchain system, Hyperledger Fabric, to increase transaction throughput from 3,000 to 20,000 transactions per second, and proposes architectural changes that reduce computation and I/O overhead during transaction ordering and validation to greatly improve throughput.
Posted Content

FastFabric: Scaling Hyperledger Fabric to 20,000 Transactions per Second

TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose architectural changes that reduce computation and I/O overhead during transaction ordering and validation to increase transaction throughput from 3,000 to 20,000 transactions per second.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Blockchain network slice broker in 5G: Slice leasing in factory of the future use case

TL;DR: The novel concept utilizes 5G Network Slice Broker in a Blockchain to reduce service creation time and enable manufacturing equipment autonomously and dynamically acquire the slice needed for more efficient operations.
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