Breaking Waves: Iutam Symposium, Sydney, Australia, 1991

TLDR: In this paper, a model for the response of wave directions to changing wind directions for random breaking waves is presented. But the model is not suitable for the case of large numbers of breaking waves.

Abstract: 1. Keynote Lectures.- The Physical Consequences of Wave Breaking in Deep Water.- Capillary Rollers and Bores.- Mechanisms of Water-Wave Breaking.- Surf Zone Dynamics.- Inverse and Direct Cascade in the Wind-Driven Surface Wave Turbulence and Wave-Breaking.- 2. Experiments and Observations.- Observations of the Enhancement of Kinetic Energy Dissipation Beneath Breaking Wind Waves.- Microwave Backscattering from Laboratory Wind-Wave Surfaces and its Relation to Wave Breaking with Bubble Entrainment.- Acoustical Measurement of Breaking Surface Waves.- Dependence of Wave-Breaking Statistics on Wind Stress and Wave Development.- Effect of Breaking Waves on the Transport of Heat and Vapor Fluxes from the Oceans.- Sound Production and Air Entrainment by Breaking Waves: A Review of Recent Laboratory Experiments.- Wave Breaking in the Presence of Wind Drift and Opposed Swell.- The Sideband Instability and the Onset of Wave Breaking.- Breaking Wave Statistics Obtained During 'Swade'.- Strong Coupling of Wind and Wind Waves.- 3. Theoretical and Numerical Results.- Possible Mechanisms for Wave Breaking.- The Influence of Wave-Breaking Bubbles on Low-Frequency Underwater Ambient Noise Formation.- Do Stokes' Double Series Converge for Large Amplitude Waves?.- Consequences of the Effect of Surface Gravity Waves on the Mean Air Flow.- The Dissipation Subrange of Wind Wave Spectra.- A Model for the Response of Wave Directions to Changing Wind Directions for Random Breaking Waves.- Mechanisms of Water Wave Transformation in Shear Currents.- Nonlinear Acoustic Phenomena in Subsurface Bubble Layers and its Usage for Bubble Measurements.- Unsteady Free Surface Waves.- The Role of Modulational Instability in the Formation of Wave Groups.- Action of Windstress and Breaking on the Evolution of a Wavetrain.- A Mechanism for Wave Deformation and Breaking Intermediated by Resonant Side-Bands.- Vorticity Generation at a Fluid Interface.- Numerical Experiments on the Evolution of Fetch Limited Waves.- Theoretical Study of Breaking Wave Spectrum and its Application.- 4. Shoaling and Impacting on Structures.- Instability of Surface Water-Wave Solitons Propagating Over an Uneven Bottom.- Violent Motion as Near-Breaking Waves Meet a Vertical Wall.- Shear Stress Distribution in the Surf Zone.- Random Wave Forces on a Vertical Cylinder in the Free Surface Zone at High Reynolds Numbers.- Prediction of Deterministic and Random Force on Structures by Plunging Breaking Waves.- Inclusion of Wave-Breaking Mechanism in a Modified Mild-Slope Model.- Imaging of the Ocean Surf Zone using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar.- Wave-Breaking due to Moving Submerged Obstacles.- Can Shallow-Water Theory Describe Breaking?.- Breaking Criteria of a Solitary Wave Passing Over a Submerged Obstacle.- 5. Wave Breaking in other Contexts.- Processes Leading to Filamentation of a Potential Vorticity Interface over a Topographic Slope.- Observations of Shock and Undular Bore Formation in Internal Waves at a Shelf Break.- Internal Waves and Turbulence on a Gravity Current Under Ice.- Extreme Standing Waves and Their Stability.