Journal ArticleDOI
Catalytic cycles for hydrocarbon cracking on zeolites
TLDR
In this article, the authors outline methods used to quantify reaction kinetics for catalytic cracking and describe how the rates of specific catalytic cycles are controlled by catalyst treatment (e.g., steaming) and process conditions (eg, conversion and temperature).Abstract:
Catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons takes place via elementary reactions such as initiation processes to form carbenium ions, olefin adsorption/desorption steps, isomerization, β-scission, oligomerization, and hydride ion transfer steps These elementary steps involving reactive carbenium ion surface intermediates are the essential components of catalytic cracking that lead to various catalytic cycles and their corresponding stoichiometric reactions This review outlines methods used to quantify reaction kinetics for catalytic cracking and describes how the rates of specific catalytic cycles are controlled by catalyst treatment (eg, steaming) and process conditions (eg, conversion and temperature)read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Haag–Dessau mechanism of protolytic cracking of alkanes☆
TL;DR: The Haag-Dessau mechanism is the key to unraveling the competing mechanisms of catalytic cracking (including classical cracking and oligomerization cracking) and to successful quantitative representation of these simultaneous reactions as discussed by the authors.
Reference EntryDOI
Heterogeneous Catalysis and Solid Catalysts
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the chemical properties of catalysts and their application in the industrial domain of catalytic cycle and show that they can be classified into three classes: simple binary oxides, complex multicomponent oxides and metal catalysts.
Journal ArticleDOI
The mechanism of enantioselective ketone reduction with Noyori and Noyori-Ikariya bifunctional catalysts.
Pavel A. Dub,John C. Gordon +1 more
TL;DR: Analysis presented herein expands the concept of "metal-ligand cooperation", redefines the term "cooperative ligand" and introduces "H(-)/H(+) outer-sphere hydrogenation" as a novel paradigm in outer- Spheres hydrogenation.
Book ChapterDOI
Kinetics of heterogeneous catalytic reactions: Analysis of reaction schemes
TL;DR: A wide variety of techniques are usually employed in investigations of heterogeneous catalysis as discussed by the authors, which typically involve one or more of the following experimental approaches: (i) synthesis and testing of catalytic materials, (ii) characterization of bulk and surface properties, (iii) evaluation of surface adsorptive properties and chemical reactivity, and (iv) assessment of catalyst performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of rare earth cations in Y zeolite for hydrocarbon cracking.
TL;DR: It is suggested that increasing Brønsted acid site density in zeolite Y leads to larger Zeolite elasticity, increased stabilization of cationic transition states, and lower composite activation barriers for hydride transfer and beta-scission steps.
References
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Book
Lange's Handbook of Chemistry
TL;DR: This encyclopedic work includes authoritative coverage of atomic and molecular structure, organic chemistry (revised), inorganic, analytical, and electro- chemistry, mathematics as applied to chemistry, and more.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inorganic Solid Acids and Their Use in Acid-Catalyzed Hydrocarbon Reactions
TL;DR: In this article, the authors tried to describe perhaps the most important solid acids based on inorganic oxides, going from their preparation procedures and characterization, to their catalytic activity for a series of hydrocarbon reactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The active site of acidic aluminosilicate catalysts
TL;DR: The availability of solid acidic catalysts based on zeolite ZSM-5 make possible observations on the nature and absolute rate behaviour of the individual protonic sites as discussed by the authors, even at levels of parts per million, or less.