Book ChapterDOI
Cepstrum-based harmonics-to-noise ratio measurement in voiced speech
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A new approach is introduced and shown to provide accurate HNR measurements for synthesised glottal and voiced speech waveforms and the action of cepstral low-pass liftering and subsequent Fourier transformation is shown to be analogous to a moving average filter.Abstract:
The estimation of the harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR) in voiced speech provides an indication of the ratio between the periodic to aperiodic components of the signal. Time-domain methods for HNR estimation are problematic because of the difficulty of estimating the period markers for (pathological) voiced speech. Frequency-domain methods encounter the problem of estimating the noise level at harmonic locations. Cepstral techniques have been introduced to supply noise estimates at all frequency locations in the spectrum. A detailed description of cepstral processing is provided in order to motivate its use as a HNR estimator. The action of cepstral low-pass liftering and subsequent Fourier transformation is shown to be analogous to the action of a moving average filter. Based on this description, short-comings of two existing cepstral-based HNRs are illustrated and a new approach is introduced and shown to provide accurate HNR measurements for synthesised glottal and voiced speech waveforms.read more
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis, synthesis, and perception of voice quality variations among female and male talkers
Dennis H. Klatt,Laura C. Klatt +1 more
TL;DR: Perceptual validation of the relative importance of acoustic cues for signaling a breathy voice quality has been accomplished using a new voicing source model for synthesis of more natural male and female voices.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cepstrum Pitch Determination
TL;DR: Algorithms were developed heuristically for picking those peaks corresponding to voiced‐speech segments and the vocal pitch periods, which were then used to derive the excitation for a computer‐simulated channel vocoder.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acoustic Correlates of Breathy Vocal Quality
TL;DR: periodicity measures provided the most accurate predictions of perceived breathiness, accounting for approximately 80% of the variance in breathiness ratings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Harmonics-to-noise ratio as an index of the degree of hoarseness
TL;DR: The harmonics-to-noise (H/N) ratio proved useful in quantitatively assessing the results of treatment for hoarseness and showed a highly significant agreement between H/N calculations and the subjective evaluations of the spectrograms.
Journal ArticleDOI
A cepstrum-based technique for determining a harmonics-to-noise ratio in speech signals.
TL;DR: A new method to calculate a spectral harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR) in speech signals is presented and involves discrimination between harmonic and noise energy in the magnitude spectrum by discriminating between them.