Journal ArticleDOI
Cities' contribution to global warming: notes on the allocation of greenhouse gas emissions
TLDR
The authors suggests that the contribution of cities to global anthro- pogenic greenhouse gas emissions is often overstated, and it is likely that less than half of all anthropogenic GHG emissions are generated within city boundaries.Abstract:
This paper suggests that the contribution of cities to global anthro- pogenic greenhouse gas emissions is often overstated. Many sources suggest that cities are responsible for 75-80 per cent of all such emissions. But as statistics drawn from the IPCC's Fourth Assessment show, this considerably understates the contributions from agriculture and deforestation and from heavy industries, fossil- fuelled power stations and high-consumption households that are not located in cities. It is likely that, worldwide, less than half of all anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are generated within city boundaries. However, if greenhouse gas emissions from power stations and industries are assigned to the location of the person or institution who consumes them (rather than where they are produced), cities would account for a higher proportion of total emissions. But it would be misleading to attribute this to "cities" in general, since these emissions would be heavily concentrated in cities in high-income nations and they should be ascribed to the individuals and institutions whose consumption generates them, not to the places where they are located.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A survey of urban climate change experiments in 100 cities
TL;DR: A database analysis reveals urban climate change experimentation as a global trend and a characteristic trend of experimentation led by private actors emerges in Asia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blaming cities for climate change? An analysis of urban greenhouse gas emissions inventories
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of emissions inventories shows that per capita emissions from cities are lower than the average for the countries in which they are located, and the role and potential for cities to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cities and the Governing of Climate Change
TL;DR: In this article, a review examines the history and development of urban climate governance, the policies and measures that have been put into place, the multilevel governance context in which these are undertaken, and the factors that have structured the posibilities for addressing the issue.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global urbanization projections for the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
Leiwen Jiang,Brian C. O'Neill +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a new, long-term, global set of urbanization projections at country level that cover a plausible range of uncertainty, which can be extended to further elaborate assumptions about the styles of urban growth and spatial distributions of urban people and land cover occurring in each SSP.
Journal ArticleDOI
The city and urban heat islands: A review of strategies to mitigate adverse effects
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a review of recent research on the urban heat island as well as of the strategies that can be applied to mitigate its adverse effects, such as green spaces, trees, albedo, pavement surfaces, vegetation, building types and materials.
References
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Book
The Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review
TL;DR: The Stern Review as discussed by the authors is an independent, rigourous and comprehensive analysis of the economic aspects of this crucial issue, conducted by Sir Nicholas Stern, Head of the UK Government Economic Service, and a former Chief Economist of the World Bank.
Book
The Economics of Climate Change
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an appropriate way to examine the economics of climate change, given the unique scientific and economic challenges posed, and suggest implications for emissions targets, policy instruments, and global action.
Journal ArticleDOI
Economics Of Climate Change
TL;DR: In this article, climate change economics attends to this issue by offering theoretical insights and empirical findings relevant to the design of policies to reduce, avoid, or adapt to climate change, which has yielded new estimates of mitigation benefits, improved understanding of costs in the presence of various market distortions or imperfections, better tools for making policy choices under uncertainty, and alternate mechanisms for allowing flexibility in policy responses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological footprints and appropriated carrying capacity: what urban economics leaves out:
TL;DR: In this paper, the concepts of human carrying capacity and natural capital were used to develop a framework to evaluate each city's ecological footprints and appropriated carrying capacity in the context of urban economics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blaming cities for climate change? An analysis of urban greenhouse gas emissions inventories
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of emissions inventories shows that per capita emissions from cities are lower than the average for the countries in which they are located, and the role and potential for cities to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions.