Journal ArticleDOI
Classification of herpes simplex virus keratitis.
TLDR
By categorizing cases of HSV keratitis by their primary anatomic and pathophysiologic etiologic characteristics, clinicians can better understand and therefore treat all types of HSv ker atitis.Abstract:
PURPOSE We propose a nomenclature for classification of herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis. We hope that a more consistent classification system will lead to a better understanding of the disease processes, thus resulting in improved diagnosis, treatment, and patient outcomes. METHODS A review of the literature was performed to evaluate current HSV classification systems. These systems were evaluated in the context of both current clinical and basic science studies and our own clinical observations. RESULTS The proposed classification system is based on the anatomy and pathophysiology of the specific presentations of HSV keratitis. Anatomically, the primary level of corneal involvement, whether epithelium, stroma, or endothelium, must be elucidated. Pathophysiologically, the cause of the inflammation. whether immunologic, infectious, or neurotrophic, must be determined. There are four major categories of HSV keratitis. (1) Infectious epithelial keratitis, which is made up of cornea vesicles, dendritic ulcer, geographic ulcer, and marginal ulcer. (2) Neurotrophic keratopathy, which includes punctate epithelial erosions and neurotrophic ulcer. (3) Stromal keratitis, which is subdivided into necrotizing stromal keratitis and immune stromal keratitis. (4) Endotheliitis, which has three clinical presentations: disciform, diffuse, and linear. CONCLUSION We believe that by categorizing cases of HSV keratitis by their primary anatomic and pathophysiologic etiologic characteristics, clinicians can better understand and therefore treat all types of HSV keratitis. The four main categories of HSV keratitis are infectious epithelial keratitis, neurotrophic keratopathy, stromal keratitis, and endotheliitis. Each of these is subdivided to more specific clinical presentations.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus and cytomegalovirus keratitis: Facts for the clinician.
TL;DR: Keratitis due to Herpes simplex virus (HSK), Varicella-Zoster virus (VZK) and Cytomegalovirus (CGV) remains a frequent source of concern for many ophthalmologists as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
In Vivo Corneal Microstructural Changes in Herpetic Stromal Keratitis: A Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis.
Alejandro Rodríguez-García,Raul Alfaro-Rangel,Andres Bustamante-Arias,Julio C. Hernandez-Camarena +3 more
TL;DR: In vivo SD-OCT analysis permitted a better understanding of the inflammatory and repair mechanisms occurring in this blinding corneal disease.
Book ChapterDOI
Herpes Simplex Keratitis and Related Syndromes
TL;DR: Herpes simplex keratitis is the most common infectious cause of unilateral blindness and one of the commonest indications for a penetrating keratoplasty.
Journal ArticleDOI
Zipper cell endotheliopathy: a new subset of idiopathic corneal edema.
TL;DR: Zipper cell endotheliopathy is a new subset of idiopathic corneal edema and the potential use of IVCM to differentiate the spectrum ofCorneal disorders and to discover new cornea diseases is illustrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Susceptibility of Human Corneal Endothelial Cells to HSV-1 Infection
TL;DR: The results suggest that human corneal endothelial cells may be inherently susceptible to HSV-1 infection, with HCEC monolayers demonstrating more rapid progression of cytopathic effect than CV-1 monolayer.