Journal ArticleDOI
CO2 and cost optimization of reinforced concrete footings using a hybrid big bang-big crunch algorithm
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In this paper, a procedure for the design of reinforced concrete footings subjected to vertical, concentric column loads that satisfies both structural requirements and geotechnical limit states using a hybrid Big Bang-Big Crunch (BB-BC) algorithm is developed.Abstract:
A procedure is developed for the design of reinforced concrete footings subjected to vertical, concentric column loads that satisfies both structural requirements and geotechnical limit states using a hybrid Big Bang-Big Crunch (BB-BC) algorithm. The objectives of the optimization are to minimize cost, CO $_{2}$ emissions, and the weighted aggregate of cost and CO $_{2}$ . Cost is based on the materials and labor required for the construction of reinforced concrete footings and CO $_{2}$ emissions are associated with the extraction and transportation of raw materials; processing, manufacturing, and fabrication of products; and the emissions of equipment involved in the construction process. The cost and CO $_{2}$ objective functions are based on weighted values and are subjected to bending moment, shear force, and reinforcing details specified by the American Concrete Institute (ACI 318-11), as well as soil bearing and displacement limits. Two sets of design examples are presented: low-cost and low-CO $_{2}$ emission designs based solely on geotechnical considerations; and designs that also satisfy the ACI 318-11 code for structural concrete. A multi-objective optimization is applied to cost and CO $_{2}$ emissions. Results are presented that demonstrate the effects of applied load, soil properties, allowable settlement, and concrete strength on designs.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cost and CO2 emission optimization of precast–prestressed concrete U-beam road bridges by a hybrid glowworm swarm algorithm
TL;DR: In this article, a hybrid glowworm swarm optimization algorithm (SAGSO) is used to combine the synergy effect of the local search with simulated annealing (SA) and the global search with glow worm swarm optimization (GSO).
Journal ArticleDOI
A Review of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods Applied to the Sustainable Bridge Design
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed different methods and sustainable criteria used for decision-making at each life-cycle phase of a bridge, from design to recycling or demolition, and examined 77 journal articles for which different methods have been used.
Journal ArticleDOI
Constrained multi-objective optimization algorithms: Review and comparison with application in reinforced concrete structures
TL;DR: This paper presents a multi-objective model for the optimal design of reinforced concrete beams where the optimal solution is interested in trade-off between cost and deflection and reveals a derivative-free optimization algorithm as the most efficient one.
Journal ArticleDOI
BIM-embedded life cycle carbon assessment of RC buildings using optimised structural design alternatives
TL;DR: A BIM-embedded approach was established utilising embodied carbon metrics and results from heuristic structural optimisation to achieve an integrated sustainable structural analysis at building level and suggested that the unclear interpretation of the optimisation outputs would result in the selection of structural designs that could compromise the buildings carbon performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hybrid harmony search for sustainable design of post-tensioned concrete box-girder pedestrian bridges
TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid harmony search algorithm combining threshold optimization is used to find the geometry and the materials for which the sum of the costs or the emissions are the lowest, yet satisfying the requirements for structural safety and durability.
References
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MonographDOI
Mitigation from a cross-sectoral perspective
Terry Barker,I. Bashmakov,Awwad Alharthi,Markus Ammann,Luis Cifuentes,John Drexhage,Duan Maosheng,Ottmar Edenhofer,Brian Flannery,Michael Grubb,Monique Hoogwijk,Francis Ibitoye,Catrinus J. Jepma,William A. Pizer,Kenji Yamaji,Shimon Awerbuch,Lenny Bernstein,André Faaij,Hitoshi Hayami,Tom Heggedal,Snorre Kverndokk,John Latham,Axel Michaelowa,David Popp,Peter L. Read,Stefan Schleicher,Michael D. Smith,Ferenc Toth,Bert Metz,Ogunlade Davidson,Peter Bosch,Rutu Dave,Leo Meyer +32 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Survey of multi-objective optimization methods for engineering
R.T. Marler,Jasbir S. Arora +1 more
TL;DR: A survey of current continuous nonlinear multi-objective optimization concepts and methods finds that no single approach is superior and depends on the type of information provided in the problem, the user's preferences, the solution requirements, and the availability of software.
BookDOI
Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
TL;DR: Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures as mentioned in this paper gives the latest consensus requirements for dead, live, soil, flood, wind, snow, rain, ice, and earthquake loads.
"building code requirements for structural concrete (aci 318-11) and commentary"
Randall W. Poston,Basile G. Rabbat,Sergio M. Alcocer,Neal S. Anderson,Florian G. Barth,Kenneth B. Bondy,Dean A. Browning,Ned M. Cleland,W. Gene Corley,Charles W. Dolan,Anthony E. Fiorato,Catherine E. French,Robert J. Frosch,Luis E. García,Satyendra Ghosh,Harry A. Gleich,James R. Harris,Terence C. Holland,James O. Jirsa,Dominic J. Kelly,Gary J. Klein,Ronald Klemencic,Cary S. Kopczynski,Colin L. Lobo,Jack P. Moehle,Gustavo J. Parra-Montesinos,Julio A. Ramirez,David M. Rogowsky,David H. Sanders,Guillermo Santana,Thomas C. Schaeffer,Andrew W. Taylor,Eric M. Tolles,James K. Wight,Sharon L. Wood,Loring A. Wyllie,F. Michael Bartlett,Allan P. Bommer,JoAnn P. Browning,Ronald A. Cook,David Darwin,Lisa R. Feldman,Kevin J. Folliard,R. Doug Hooton,Kenneth C. Hover,Steven H. Kosmatka,Michael E. Kreger,Jason J. Krohn,Daniel A. Kuchma,Andres Lepage,LeRoy A. Lutz,Joseph Maffei,Fred Meyer,Denis Mitchell,Theodore A. Mize,Suzanne Dow Nakaki,Theodore L. Neff,Viral B. Patel,Conrad Paulson,Jose A. Pincheira,Mario E. Rodríguez,Bruce W. Russell,M. Saiid Saiidi,Andrea J. Schokker,John F. Stanton,Roberto Stark,John W. Wallace,Mathias Brewer,Luis B. Fargier-Gabaldon,Alberto Giovambattista,Hector D. Hernandez,Angel E. Herrera,Patricio A. Placencia,Oscar M. Ramirez,Fernando Reboucas Stucchi,Fernando Yáñez,John E. Breen,Neil M. Hawkins,James G. MacGregor,Robert F. Mast,Charles G. Salmon +80 more
TL;DR: The Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (Code) as mentioned in this paper covers the materials, design, and construction of structural concrete used in buildings and where applicable in nonbuilding structures, including the strength evaluation of existing concrete structures.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new optimization method: Big Bang-Big Crunch
Osman Kaan Erol,Ibrahim Eksin +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the performance of the new (BB-BC) method demonstrates superiority over an improved and enhanced genetic search algorithm also developed by the authors of this study, and outperforms the classical genetic algorithm (GA) for many benchmark test functions.