Journal ArticleDOI
Cocaine and other stimulants. Actions, abuse, and treatment.
TLDR
This review attempts a reasoned psychiatric appraisal of the prototypical abused psyche in the context of cocaine use.Abstract:
SENSATIONALISM and shifting acceptance of drug use have influenced much of what has been written about cocaine. This review attempts a reasoned psychiatric appraisal of the prototypical abused psyc...read more
Citations
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The neural basis of drug craving: An incentive-sensitization theory of addiction
TL;DR: S sensitization of incentive salience can produce addictive behavior even if the expectation of drug pleasure or the aversive properties of withdrawal are diminished and even in the face of strong disincentives, including the loss of reputation, job, home and family.
Journal ArticleDOI
A psychomotor stimulant theory of addiction
Roy A. Wise,Michael A. Bozarth +1 more
TL;DR: A new attempt at a general theory of addiction is offered, based on the common denominator of the psychomotor stimulants---amphetamine, cocaine, and related drugs---rather than on thecommon denominators of the socalled depressant drugs~opiates, barbiturates, alcohol, and others.
Journal ArticleDOI
The locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system: modulation of behavioral state and state-dependent cognitive processes.
TL;DR: It is suggested that dysregulation of locus coeruleus-noradrenergic neurotransmission may contribute to cognitive and/or arousal dysfunction associated with a variety of psychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, sleep and arousal disorders, as well as certain affective Disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transition from moderate to excessive drug intake : Change in Hedonic set point
Serge H. Ahmed,George F. Koob +1 more
TL;DR: Differential access to cocaine self-administration produced two patterns of drug intake in rats, characterized by an increased early drug loading and an upward shift in the cocaine dose-response function, suggesting an increase in hedonic set point.
Journal ArticleDOI
The dopamine hypothesis of the reinforcing properties of cocaine
TL;DR: A variety of evidence suggests a 'dopamine hypothesis' for the reinforcing properties of cocaine that proposes that cocaine binds at the dopamine transporter and mainly inhibits neurotransmitter re-uptake; the resulting potentiation of dopaminergic neurotransmission in mesolimbocortical pathways ultimately causes reinforcement.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neurogenetic adaptive mechanisms in alcoholism
TL;DR: In this paper, three dimensions of personality have been described that may reflect individual differences in brain systems modulating the activation, maintenance, and inhibition of behavioral responses to the effects of alcohol and other environmental stimuli.
Journal ArticleDOI
Abstinence Symptomatology and Psychiatric Diagnosis in Cocaine Abusers: Clinical Observations
Frank H. Gawin,Herbert D. Kleber +1 more
TL;DR: Longitudinal evaluations showed a three-phase sequence of post-cocaine abuse abstinence symptoms, and over half the sample also met criteria for ed 3 DSM-III, axis I psychiatric disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Medical complications of cocaine abuse.
Louis L. Cregler,Herbert Mark +1 more
TL;DR: The earliest known use of cocaine, as suggested by the finding of coca leaves in the tombs of Indian mummies, was in 600 A.D, but it was not until 1855 that cocaine was isolated from the leaves.
Journal ArticleDOI
Receptor Sensitivity and the Mechanism of Action of Antidepressant Treatment: Implications for the Etiology and Therapy of Depression
TL;DR: The effects of long-term antidepressant treatment on biogenic amine metabolism and on various indexes of presynaptic and postsynaptic receptor function are evaluated to provide support for hypotheses of amine receptor abnormalities in depression and indicate the need for expanded studies ofAmine receptor function in patients.
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Abstinence Symptomatology and Psychiatric Diagnosis in Cocaine Abusers: Clinical Observations
Frank H. Gawin,Herbert D. Kleber +1 more