Journal ArticleDOI
College students in Nigeria underestimate their risk of contracting HIV/AIDS infection.
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TLDR
College students exhibited an ‘optimism bias’ associating high rates of HIV risk indicators with low levels of perceived personal risk of infection, which has implications for HIV/AIDS control in Nigeria.Abstract:
Objectives To assess the perceptions of personal risk of acquiring HIV/AIDS infection among students of selected tertiary institutions in Osun State, Nigeria and to determine the correlates of perceptions of personal risk of infection.Methods The study employed a cross-sectional descriptive design. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was applied to the 405 study participants and correlates of perceptions of personal risk of HIV infection were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis, confidence intervals and odd ratios.Results Only 15% of the students perceived themselves to be at moderate-to-high risk of acquiring HIV infection compared with 85% who perceived themselves to be at little or no risk. Investigators' assessment of risk status of the participants revealed that 77% of the participants were actually at high risk of infection and only 23% at low risk. The sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value of the students' self-perception of personal risk compared with their...read more
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Development of risk perception and substance use of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis among adolescents and emerging adults: evidence of directional influences
TL;DR: There is support for the rationale behind adequate risk perception as a goal of preventive interventions, and the possibility of risk reappraisal should not be neglected, especially regarding illicit substances.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiple sex partners and perceived risk of HIV infection in Zambia: attitudinal determinants and gender differences
Mai Do,Dominique Meekers +1 more
TL;DR: It is essential for men to recognize the connections between unsafe sex behaviors and risks of HIV infection and that distinct intervention approaches to Zambian men and women are needed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adolescents' risk perceptions in relation to risk behavior with long-term health consequences; antecedents and outcomes: A literature review
TL;DR: Any agent aiming at encouraging adolescents to take active responsibility for their long term health must be able to determine each young person's status regarding these issues concomitantly, in order not to evoke risk denial, exaggerated unrealistic optimism, or impaired mental wellbeing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Knowledge, attitudes to HIV/AIDS and sexual behaviour of students in a tertiary institution in south-western Nigeria.
TL;DR: A gap in the knowledge of HIV/AIDS and an inappropriate sexual behaviour among respondents was revealed and Meaningful strategies, such as an innovative and culturally sensitive adolescent sexual and reproductive health programme that focuses on modification of sexual behaviour should be adopted to allow young people to prevent transmission of the HIV/ AIDS virus.
Journal ArticleDOI
HIV/AIDS knowledge, behaviour and beliefs among South African university students
Preshani Reddy,Jose M. Frantz +1 more
TL;DR: The main findings of the study were that although students had an adequate general knowledge on HIV/AIDS, both groups scored the lowest in the transmission modes of HIV.
References
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Journal Article
Judgement under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases
Journal ArticleDOI
Changing AIDS-risk behavior.
TL;DR: A conceptually based, highly generalizable model for promoting and evaluatingAIDS-risk behavior change in any population of interest is proposed, which holds that AIDS-risk reduction is a function of people's information about AIDS transmission and prevention, their motivation to reduce AIDS risk, and their behavioral skills for performing the specific acts involved in risk reduction.
Book ChapterDOI
Theoretical Approaches to Individual-Level Change in HIV Risk Behavior
TL;DR: Over the course of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, large numbers of HIV prevention interventions have been implemented in a broad array of settings, but most have focused primarily —and in many cases solely—on providing information about HIV.