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Configurations and methods for ultrasonic time of flight diffraction analysis

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TLDR
In this article, a low-absorption housing that at least partially encloses an ultrasound transducer is used to detect lack-of-fusion defects in polymeric pipes.
Abstract
An ultrasound test apparatus for polymeric materials (e.g., plastic pipes) includes a low-absorption housing that at least partially encloses an ultrasound transducer, wherein the transducer emits a low frequency wide angle ultrasound beam with a narrow bandwidth. In especially preferred configurations and methods, the apparatus will detect flaws in polymeric pipes, and especially in welds or stressed zones of such pipes, wherein defects of less than 4% of the wall thickness (up to 4 inches) are detected. Further disclosed are configurations and methods for non-destructive detection of lack-of-fusion defects in polymeric pipes.

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TL;DR: In this paper, an ultrasonic wave is launched by a transmitting probe 1 into a specimen 20 in a direction oblique to a flaw 24 to generate diffracted waves at the tip 25 of the flaw 24.
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Patent

Device for the non-destructive testing of hollow tubular objects by means of ultrasound

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a non-destructive testing of hollow tubular objects using ultrasound using an array of annular individual transducers in a coaxial fashion and two annular arrays, each of which consists of an assembly of juxtaposed transducers.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a method and apparatus for heating fatty tissue to facilitate liposuction removal of fat, and by additional heating to enable denaturing of the tissue structure, is presented.
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Patent

Transmission system of aerial ultrasonic pulse and ultrasonic transmitter and receiver used in the system

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Patent

Apparatus and method for ultrasonic stress measurement using the critically refracted longitudinal (Lcr) ultrasonic technique

Don E. Bray
TL;DR: In this paper, the latent stress in both flat and curved materials can be measured using critically refracted longitudinal ultrasonic technique using a frame to hold a hydraulic piston, which is used to apply an adjustable force against the probes.