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Consumption, Income, and Interest Rates: Reinterpreting the Time Series Evidence
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This paper argued that the time-series data on consumption, income, and interest rates are best viewed as generated not by a single representative consumer but by two groups of consumers: half the consumers are forward-looking and consume their permanent income, but are extremely reluctant to substitute consumption temporarily.Abstract:
This paper proposes that the time-series data on consumption, income, and interest rates are best viewed as generated not by a single representative consumer but by two groups of consumers. Half the consumers are forward-looking and consume their permanent income, but are extremely reluctant to substitute consumption temporarily. Half the consumers follow the "rule of thumb" of consuming their current income. The paper documents three empirical regularities that, it argues, are best explained by this medal. First, expected changes in income are associated with expected changes in consumption. Second, expected real interest rates are not associated with expected changes in consumption. Third, periods in which consumption is high relative to income are typically followed by high growth in income. The paper concludes by briefly discussing the implications of these findings for economic policy and economic research.read more
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A simple, positive semi-definite, heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix
Whitney K. Newey,Kenneth D. West +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a simple method of calculating a heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix that is positive semi-definite by construction is described.
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THE EQUITY PREMIUM A Puzzle
Rajnish Mehra,Edward C. Prescott +1 more
TL;DR: This paper showed that an equilibrium model which is not an Arrow-Debreu economy will be the one that simultaneously rationalizes both historically observed large average equity return and the small average risk-free return.
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A Simple, Positive Semi-Definite, Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelationconsistent Covariance Matrix
TL;DR: In this article, a simple method of calculating a heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix that is positive semi-definite by construction is described.
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Econometric policy evaluation: A critique
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Optimum consumption and portfolio rules in a continuous-time model☆
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the continuous-time consumption-portfolio problem for an individual whose income is generated by capital gains on investments in assets with prices assumed to satisfy the geometric Brownian motion hypothesis, which implies that asset prices are stationary and lognormally distributed.