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Cryopreservation of human spermatozoa. II. Postthaw chronology of motility and of zona-free hamster ova penetration

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TLDR
Postthaw dynamics of motility maintenance and ability to penetrate zona-free hamster ova were examined with human sperm and differences between untreated and frozen-thawed sperm in fertilizability patterns were dramatic.
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This article is published in Fertility and Sterility.The article was published on 1987-06-01. It has received 132 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Sperm & Semen.

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Current status of sperm cryopreservation: why isn't it better?

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed aspects of sperm cryopreservation paralleled by events of capacitation and evaluated the possible roles of sperm membrane cholesterol, reactive oxygen species, and seminal plasma as mediators of sperm function.
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DNA damage to spermatozoa has impacts on fertilization and pregnancy

TL;DR: The weight of evidence currently favours oxidative stress and aberrant apoptosis as the major candidates for DNA damage in the male germ line and positive results have been reported for antioxidant therapy both in vivo and in vitro.
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Mechanisms of cryoinjury in living cells.

TL;DR: Factors and mechanisms of cryoinjury and its prevention are reviewed and discussed, including the most famous two-factor hypothesis theory of Peter Mazur, concepts of cold shock, vitrification, cryoprotective agens, lethal intracellular ice formation, osmotic injury during the addition/removal of CPAs and during the cooling/warming process, as well as modeling/methods in the cryobiological research.
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The effects of cryopreservation on sperm morphology, motility and mitochondrial function.

TL;DR: Sperm morphology, motility, mitochondrial activities and viability are equally susceptible to cryopreservation-induced damage and R123 intensity is a novel and robust indicator of mitochondrial function before and after such trauma.
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Evidence for increased lipid peroxidative damage and loss of superoxide dismutase activity as a mode of sublethal cryodamage to human sperm during cryopreservation.

TL;DR: It is concluded that cryopreservation does enhance lipid peroxidation in human sperm, as hypothesized, and that this enhancement is mediated at least in part by the loss of SOD activity occurring during the process.
References
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Synopsis of the use of frozen human semen since 1964: state of the art of human semen banking

TL;DR: Application of the technology to infertility, as "insurance" for men undergoing vasectomy, and as a method for improving genetic characteristics are discussed, and commercial banks with regulated standards and a clarified policy of no guarantee of fertility were endorsed.
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