Journal ArticleDOI
Dielectric Properties of Ice and Solid D2O
Robert P. Auty,Robert H. Cole +1 more
TLDR
In this article, complex dielectric constants have been measured for ice from the melting point to −65°C and for solid D2O to −35°C, by a combination of bridge and transient methods.Abstract:
Complex dielectric constants have been measured for ice from the melting point to −65°C, and for solid D2O to −35°C, by a combination of bridge and transient methods. For both, the dispersion is described by the simple Debye formula, and the relaxation times τ by the simple rate expression τ = A exp(B/RT). For ice, A = 5.3×10−16 sec, B = 13.2 kcal/mole; and for solid D2O, A = 7.7×10−16 sec, B = 13.4 kcal/mole. The equilibrium dielectric constant for ice is 91.5 at 0°C and increases at lower temperatures; the values for solid D2O are only slightly smaller. Measures taken to minimize errors from voids in the sample and direct current conductance are discussed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Optical spectra of orientationally disordered crystals. iii. infrared spectra of the sound waves
E. Whalley,H. J. Labbé +1 more
TL;DR: The theory of the absorption of light by the translational vibrations of orientationally disordered crystals has been extended to low frequencies where the vibrations are short-wavelength sound waves whose density of states can be represented by the Debye model as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Water and cytochrome oxidation-reduction reactions.
Toru Kihara,James A. McCray +1 more
TL;DR: The experimental results suggest that electron transfer between membrane-bound electron carrier molecules may be effected by means of hydrogen atom transfer via “water bridges” in biological oxidation-reduction reactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dielectric properties of Jovian satellite ice analogs for subsurface radar exploration: A review
Elena Pettinelli,Barbara Cosciotti,Federico Di Paolo,Sebastian Lauro,Elisabetta Mattei,Roberto Orosei,Giuliano Vannaroni +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a complete range of potential ice types that may occur on these icy satellites to understand how they may affect the results of the proposed missions and select the most suitable data to compute dielectric attenuation, velocity, vertical resolution, and reflection coefficients for such icy moon environments, with the final goal being to estimate the potential capabilities of radar missions as a function of the frequency and temperature ranges of interest for the subsurface sounders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrical conductivity and relaxation in ice crystals with known impurity content
TL;DR: In this paper, three-terminal dielectric bridge measurements (in the range 20 Hz to 100 kHz between 5°C and 120°C) have been made of ice doped with conductivity-enhancing ionic impurities (HCl, HF, NaCl, KF, NH4F) and conductivitydepressing solutes (NH4OH, NH 4Cl, NH5CO3, NaHCO3).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Dielectric Polarization of Polar Liquids
TL;DR: In this paper, an extension of the Onsager theory of dielectric polarization is presented, which is applied to liquid water under the assumption of tetrahedral coordination and directed bonds between neighboring molecules.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Wide Range Capacitance‐Conductance Bridge
Robert H. Cole,Paul M. Gross +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a bridge for reasonably accurate measurement by direct balance of capacitance and conductance in the frequency range 50 c/sec. to 5 cm/sec., and over most of this range is essentially direct reading in the two admission components with negligible unbalance from lead effects or guard circuits of the unknown.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Calculation of the Static Dielectric Constant of Ice
TL;DR: In this article, a calculation of the static dielectric constant of ice using only simple molecular data and with well-defined assumptions as to the possibilities of molecular movement in the crystal is presented.
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