Journal ArticleDOI
Double pair comparison—A new method to determine how occupant characteristics affect fatality risk in traffic crashes
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A new method to determine how occupant characteristics affect fatality risk in traffic crashes is developed, which uses data from the Fatal Accident Reporting System and has wide applicability; examples of potential applications include investigating car occupantfatality risk as a function of sex, age, alcohol use or motorcyclist fatalityrisk as afunction of helmet use.About:
This article is published in Accident Analysis & Prevention.The article was published on 1986-06-01. It has received 184 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Poison control.read more
Citations
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The independent contribution of driver, crash, and vehicle characteristics to driver fatalities
TL;DR: Data suggest that increasing seatbelt use, reducing speed, and reducing the number and severity of driver-side impacts may prevent fatalities, and the specific safety needs of older and female drivers may need to be addressed separately from those of men and younger drivers.
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An exploratory multinomial logit analysis of single-vehicle motorcycle accident severity
TL;DR: In this paper, a multinomial logit formulation of motorcyclerider accident severity in single-vehicle collisions is presented, where five levels of severity are considered: property damage only, possible injury, evident injury, disabling injury, and fatality.
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The effectiveness of safety belts in preventing fatalities.
TL;DR: If all presently unbelted drivers and right front passengers were to use the provided three point lap/shoulder belt, but not otherwise change their behavior, fatalities to this group would decline by (43 +/- 3), which agrees with the 40%-50% range reported in a recent major review and synthesis by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
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Differences in rural and urban driver-injury severities in accidents involving large-trucks: an exploratory analysis.
TL;DR: It is speculated that the significant differences between rural and urban injury severities may be at least partially attributable to the different perceptual, cognitive and response demands placed on drivers in rural versus urban areas.
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Analysis of injury severity and vehicle occupancy in truck- and non-truck-involved accidents
Li-Yen Chang,Fred L. Mannering +1 more
TL;DR: The findings of this study demonstrate that nested logit modeling, which is able to take into account vehicle occupancy effects and identify a broad range of factors that influence occupant injury, is a promising methodological approach.
References
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Book
Statistical Treatment of Experimental Data
TL;DR: In this paper, the mean and dispersion probability of the mean propagation of errors was defined as a function of the normal error function rejection of data goodness of fit further developments standard deviation of the Mean POR method of least squares least squares with several unknowns correlations.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effectiveness of safety belts in preventing fatalities.
TL;DR: If all presently unbelted drivers and right front passengers were to use the provided three point lap/shoulder belt, but not otherwise change their behavior, fatalities to this group would decline by (43 +/- 3), which agrees with the 40%-50% range reported in a recent major review and synthesis by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risky driving related to driver and vehicle characteristics
Leonard Evans,Paul Wasielewski +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a study was performed to determine relationships between driver and vehicle characteristics and risk taking in everyday driving, as measured by close following in freeway traffic, using a photographic technique which allowed vehicle and occupant characteristics to be recorded.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human behavior feedback and traffic safety
TL;DR: In this paper, a general human behavior feedback formalism is developed in which the actual safety change in traffic systems is related to the intended or expected change through the introduction of a "human behavior feedback parameter," f. This formalism includes earlier approaches to modeling or understanding traffic safety as special cases and in addition includes responses outside the range encompassed by earlier approaches.
A comparison of injury among several tad vehicle deformation scales and definition of a 10 point overall scale: safety belt injury reduction related to crash severity and front seated position
TL;DR: Adjusted estimates of belt effectiveness are lower than those based on the raw data, but represent considerable benefit to car occupants using seat belts.