Journal ArticleDOI
Echo 2 - A study of electron beams injected into the high-latitude ionosphere from a large sounding rocket
TLDR
The Black Brant V-C Echo 2 rocket was launched at Fort Churchill on September 25, 1972, and it injected 64-ms pulses of electron beams of 80-mA current and 45-keV voltage into the ionosphere.Abstract:
The Black Brant V-C Echo 2 rocket was launched at Fort Churchill on September 25, 1972, and it injected 64-ms pulses of electron beams of 80-mA current and 45-keV voltage into the ionosphere. This paper studies the responses of on-board electrostatic deflection and solid state detectors to injected electrons after motion in the near ionosphere and atmosphere. It is shown that it was only through some form of scattering that the detectors could sense the injected beam electrons. By means of ‘phase maps’ of injection and detection pitch angles a number of distinct regions are found corresponding to a rocket scattering halo, an atmospheric scattering halo, a region of weak responses, and a source of strong scattering above the rocket. The atmospheric scattering has been compared with the theoretical and experimental results of the Echo 1 experiment, and it is found to be in reasonable agreement. The rocket halo is discussed qualitatively; but no explanation is found for the backscatter from above the rocket, which may be associated with an occasional violent beam instability. This analysis has been carried out to better understand the complexities of electron motion observed near large rockets carrying artificial electron accelerators as a guide in the planning of future experiments.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The application of artificial electron beams to magnetospheric research
TL;DR: In this article, the problem of vehicle neutralization during the generation of electron beams in the ionosphere and the stability and electromagnetic wave emissions of electron beam propagating in space is considered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent results from studies of electron beam phenomena in space plasmas
Torsten Neubert,Peter M. Banks +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined selected results from experiments, performed in 1980s, involving the ejection of beams of electrons from spacecraft, and special attention was given to the basic processes associated with the spacecraft charging, passive current collection, beam-atmosphere interactions, beamplasma interactions, and neutral gas emission.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vehicle charging observed in SEPAC Spacelab-1 experiment
TL;DR: In this article, the charging of the Space Shuttle/Spacelab-1 using the Space Experiments with Particle Accelerators (SEPAC) was studied using data from a Langmuir probe, floating probes, an electron energy analyzer and a low-light-level TV camera.
Journal ArticleDOI
The hot plasma environment and floating potentials of an electron‐beam‐emitting rocket in the ionosphere
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the plasma environment surrounding the Echo III accelerator payload with an extensive array of particle sensors and observed that Suprathermal electrons are produced isotropically around the payload during the gun firings and decay away in approximately 32 ms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heating of the ambient ionosphere by an artificially injected electron beam
TL;DR: An electrostatic analyzer on the electron accelerator of the Electron Echo 2 experiment showed that the background plasma was heated to 10,000 K or more within 8 ms of the start of gun pulses as mentioned in this paper.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Observations of radiation from an electron beam artificially injected into the ionosphere
D. G. Cartwright,Paul J. Kellogg +1 more
TL;DR: The Electron Echo 1 experiment as discussed by the authors was the first experiment in which an electron accelerator was carried to a height of 350 km in the ionosphere from Wallops Island, Virginia, on an Aerobee 350 sounding rocket, and it injected into the earth's magnetic field over 3000 16-ms pulses of electrons with 40-keV energy and a current of 70 mA at pitch angles between 70 and 110 deg.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electron Echo Experiment: A New Magnetospheric Probe
TL;DR: Magnetospheric electron echo probe experiment, using sounding rocket and injecting gun for controlled particle trapping investigation as discussed by the authors, using magnetic resonance data collected from the magnetosphere of the Earth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electron Echo Experiment 1: Comparison of observed and theoretical motion of artificially injected electrons in the magnetosphere
TL;DR: A sounding rocket launched from Wallops Island, Virginia, was used to successfully inject a controlled beam of energetic electrons into the trapping region of the earth's magnetosphere on August 13, 1970.
Journal ArticleDOI
An investigation of wave-particle interactions and particle dynamics using electron beams injected from sounding rockets
TL;DR: In this paper, a composite picture can be obtained of the beam patterns at the conjugate point of Wallops Island, and the process produces a scale width of 5-10 m, but with an echo intensity which is only 10% of theoretical estimates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Initial expansion phase of an artificially injected electron beam
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the expansion of an electron beam (E ∼ 20 keV, I ∼ 1 A) artificially injected into the magnetosphere at a high latitude (i.e., Λ ∼ 60°) and show that the magnetic field at the place of the injection determines the beam radius and the beam density.
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Observations of radiation from an electron beam artificially injected into the ionosphere
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