Effects of methylphenidate on activity and reactions to novelty in rats
Lesley J. Dyne,Robert N. Hughes +1 more
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The results emphasized the need in drug studies for distinguishing between exploratory responses directed towards novel environmental stimuli and randomized, nondirected general activity.Abstract:
Rats injected with 4.0 or 8.0 mg/kg of methylphenidate prior to observation in a four-cell exploration box showed a significant preference for the less novel half of the apparatus and a reduction in eating and drinking compared with control animals injected with sterile water. The higher dosage also decreased freezing behavior but increased sniffing and the total number of cells entered. While confirming some previous findings, the results emphasized the need in drug studies for distinguishing between exploratory responses directed towards novel environmental stimuli and randomized, nondirected general activity.read more
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Book ChapterDOI
A Critique of the Methods Available for the Measurement of Spontaneous Motor Activity
TL;DR: Any assessment of the behavioral effect of a psychotropic agent must include information as to its effect on spontaneous motor activity, as it is evident that changes in locomotor activity have consequences for the measurement of all aspects of behavior, including conditioned behavior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of lesions to amygdala, ventral subiculum, medial prefrontal cortex, and nucleus accumbens on the reaction to novelty: implication for limbic-striatal interactions
TL;DR: The effects of bilateral excitotoxic lesions of 3 major sources of afferents to the ventral striatum (nucleus accumbens) were compared on an open field test of food neophobia, finding the role of limbic and prefrontal neuronal networks converging in the nucleus Accumbens to control different aspects of the behavioral response to novelty.
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Intrinsic exploration in animals: motives and measurement.
TL;DR: Of the theories proposed to account for the motivation of intrinsic exploration in animals, concepts of exploratory drive, optimal arousal and fear have featured prominently, it is probably sufficient to accept that organisms may have some type of `need' for sensory change which can be satisfied mainly by intrinsic exploration.
Journal ArticleDOI
The determinants of exploration and neophobia
TL;DR: The literature dealing with the factors that determine approach and avoidance responses to novelty is reviewed and evaluated and suggestions for further clarifying research are incorporated in this paper, where only those studies that measure exploration in a choice-type task are included because of the interpretive difficulties associated with forced-exploration tasks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neotic preferences in laboratory rodents: issues, assessment and substrates.
TL;DR: More attention should be paid to the complexity of interactions between different brain and neurotransmitter systems and improvements in methodology before conclusions should be drawn about the neurobiological basis of neotic preferences.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Novelty, arousal, and the reinforcement of diversive exploration in the rat.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of methylphenidylacetate and chlorpromazine on certain components of general activity.
Dalbir Bindra,Daniel Baran +1 more
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Effects of arousing stimulation upon novelty preference in rats.
TL;DR: The results indicated that strong arousal does cause a decrement in novelty preference, that this decrement occurs regardless of the type of stimulation used in the experiment, and that incongruity may also be sufficient to produce this decrements.