Journal ArticleDOI
Esterases of developing human brain
K. D. Barron,J. Bernsohn +1 more
TLDR
In both adult and developing brain, zymograms of bound esterase resembled those of the free enzyme, the major difference being the presence in the former of a slow, broad, anodic zone of diethyl‐p‐nitrophenyl phosphate‐inhibited enzyme.Abstract:
The free and bound nonspecific esterases occurring in, respectively, the saline and triton X-100 extracts of adult and developing human brain were studied by starch gel electrophoresis (zymograms). Zymograms of the free esterase fraction visualized with NA as substrate were qualitatively similar at 5-12 days of age to the electrophoretic patterns observed in adult material. In both adult and developing brain, zymograms of bound esterase resembled those of the free enzyme, the major difference being the presence in the former of a slow, broad, anodic zone of diethyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate-inhibited enzyme.
Esterases characteristic of adult white matter and having preferential affinity for alpha-naphthylpropionate, alpha-naphthyl butyrate and alpha-naphthyl valerate were not identified in infant brain until about 4 months postnatal age.
A far-moving, anodic enzyme was distinctly evident in zymograms of brains of less than 1 month of age. This enzyme hydrolysed NP, NB, and NV more actively than alpha-naphthyl acetate. It was present in the adult brain but, in contrast to the infant, was no longer electrophoretically-separable from another enzyme which had greater affinity for NA and had previously been designated the A10 band.
Quantitative assays demonstrated that the bound esterase increased in cerebral and cerebellar cortex during development. In contrast, the proportion of free to bound esterase showed little change in white matter.
Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase zymograms became identical to adult patterns from 1 to 4 months of age.
Thiolacetic acid esterase was present at 38 weeks gestation.
Some functional and anatomical correlations were attempted in explanation of the biochemical observations.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Isoenzymes of soluble and membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase in bovine splanchnic nerve and adrenal medulla
I. W. Chubb,A. D. Smith +1 more
TL;DR: It was concluded that the higher electrophoretic mobility of the soluble isoenzyme was because it carried a greater charge than, but had a similar molecular mass to, the membrane-bound isoenzymes.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Amphiphile‐Dependent Form of Human Brain Caudate Nucleus Acetylcholinesterase: Purification and Properties
TL;DR: Different forms of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), EC 3.1.7, were demonstrated in human brain caudate nucleus and the two classes of AChE seem not to be related, as they show no common antigenic determinant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isoenzymes and ontogeny.
Colin Masters,Roger S. Holmes +1 more
TL;DR: In this review, representative data on the nature of enzyme multiplicity and the developmental progressions of multiple enzyme forms have been collected, and the significance of this material has been discussed in relation to gene involvement during tissue differentiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Developmental genetics of the esterase isozymes of Fundulus heteroclitus
Roger S. Holmes,Gregory S. Whitt +1 more
TL;DR: The ontogeny of the esterase isozymes of the teleost, Fundulus heteroclitus, has been investigated and there appear to be at least 15 different esterases, which constitute 6–8 groups, each of which is probably encoded in one or more genetic loci.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
An improved procedure for starch-gel electrophoresis: further variations in the serum proteins of normal individuals
TL;DR: A simple procedure which enables the sample to be inserted into the gel without any supporting substance and evidence is obtained that genetic factors are concerned in the control of the 'post-albumins' of different persons.
Journal ArticleDOI
Histochemical demonstration of enzymes separated by zone electrophoresis in starch gels.
R. L. Hunter,Clement L. Markert +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
A Method for Determination of Low Carbon Monoxide Concentration in Blood
TL;DR: The results indicate that small amounts of CO may be formed during procedures used for the release of CO from blood, probably due to oxidative break down of hemoglobin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence for the specificity of esterase and lipase by the use of three chromogenic substrates.
TL;DR: In order to determine more precisely the specificity of these two enzymes with regard to short and long chain fatty acid esters and their relationship to certain enzymatic inhibitors and activators, the &naphthyl esters of acetic (CJ, lauric (C&J, and palmitic-stearic) acids were prepared as substrates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Studies on Local Anesthetics. Pharmacological Properties of Homologaes and Isomeres of Xylocnin (Alkyl Amino‐Acyl Derivatives)
TL;DR: The compounds were potent local anesthetics, causing a surface anesthesia on the rabbit's eye with an absolute duration of 12–70 minutes and a total demotion of 4–7 hours and a marked increase, showing the compatibility with adrenaline.