Journal ArticleDOI
Ethics Experts as an Instrument of Technocratic Governance: Evidence from EU Medical Biotechnology Policy
TLDR
In this article, the authors examine the European Union's medical biotechnology policy and find that establishing ethical experts as a new category of expertise alongside scientific experts bolsters the technocratic domain in areas where it is contested, thus reinforcing the authority of experts and bureaucrats in the policy process, rather than democratic control.Abstract:
This article challenges the assumption that ethics committees introduce democratic control in policy areas where scientific expertise and ethical concerns collide. The claim is that politicians or bureaucrats are likely to resort to the use of ethical expertise when they face a specific type of dilemma: the impossibility, on the one hand, of yielding a consensus on controversial value-based issues via the democratic route and the need, on the other, to legitimize controversial policy choices in these areas. The article examines this dynamic with regard to the European Union's medical biotechnology policy, a contested policy domain where ethical specialists are awarded expert status. The article finds that establishing ethical experts as a new category of expertise alongside scientific experts actually bolsters the technocratic domain in areas where it is contested, thus reinforcing the authority of experts and bureaucrats in the policy process, rather than democratic control.read more
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Adaptive governance of autonomous vehicles: Accelerating the adoption of disruptive technologies in Singapore
Si Ying Tan,Araz Taeihagh +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the development and implementation of AVs in Singapore and found that AV regulatory sandboxes, formalisation of safety assessments and the release of technical guidelines are some of the most adaptive and innovative instruments that have been adopted to govern AVs.
Journal ArticleDOI
What are Morality Policies? The Politics of Values in a Post-Secular World:
TL;DR: This paper reviewed the literature on morality policies and the politics of values, focusing in particular on the question of what defines morality policies as a specific policy field, and how to define it.
Journal ArticleDOI
How scientists advising the European Commission on research priorities view climate engineering proposals
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors contribute to a growing body of research that studies how different societal actors view climate engineering in an effort to open up received framings and make them amenable to del...
SOCIOLOGY | RESEARCH ARTICLE A sociological analysis of ethical expertise: The case of bioethics
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the question of ethical expertise and do so in the context of bioethics or, more accurately, applied ethics and the ethical governance of the life sciences.
Book
Governing through Expertise: The Politics of Bioethics
TL;DR: In this article, Littoz-Monnet provides a fresh analysis of the enmeshment of expert knowledge with politics in global governance, through a unique investigation of bioethical expertise, an intriguing form of "expert knowledge" which claims authority in the ethical analysis of issues that arise in relation to biomedicine, the life sciences and new fields of technological innovation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
From the Positive to the Regulatory State: Causes and Consequences of Changes in the Mode of Governance
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify three sets of strategies leading to the growth of the regulatory state as external or market regulator, and as internal regulator of decentralised administration, and examine major structural changes induced by changes in regulatory strategies.
The Irish times
TL;DR: In this paper, over 180 institutions from Ireland, England, Scotland, Wales, Europe, Australia and New Zealand participated, including universities, colleges of further and higher education, agricultural colleges, art colleges, institutes of technology, nursing and paramedical schools, year-out organisations, professional bodies and central admissions bodies such as CAO and UCAS.
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The Politics of Gay and Lesbian Rights: Expanding the Scope of the Conflict
TL;DR: This article found that if individuals opposed to gay and lesbian rights are able to expand the scope of the conflict, the pattern of politics conforms to morality politics, while interest group theory suggests that these policies will correspond with interest group resources, elite values, and past policy actions.
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The public policy of the European Union: whither politics of expertise?
TL;DR: The role of expertise in European public policy has become the object of a passionate debate as mentioned in this paper, and it has been argued that knowledge, in various guises, can foster learning, enlightenment, problem-solving attitudes and policy change.
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The Political Impact of Technical Expertise
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the role of experts in public disputes, how they are used by various parties to a controversy, and how do scientists behave once involved, and what is their impact on the political dynamics of such disputes.