Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of bone and cartilage by marrow stromal cells in diffusion chambers in vivo.
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TLDR
The present results suggest that postnatal marrow contains osteogenic precursors with the potential to differentiate via either of the two major paths followed during skeletal development in the embryo.Abstract:
When freshly isolated rabbit marrow cells were cultured either in vitro or in diffusion chambers in vivo, the hemopoietic cells disappeared and there was a proliferation of the stromal cell population. The colonies formed in vitro were mainly fibroblastic, and this cell type predominated in confluent cultures. Staining for alkaline phosphatase activity and for the Von Kossa reaction was negative in in vitro cultures. However, marrow cell suspensions or fibroblasts harvested from in vitro culture of marrow cells, gave rise to a mixture of bone, cartilage and fibrous tissue in diffusion chambers implanted into the peritoneal cavity. In contrast, only a soft fibrous tissue developed from spleen fibroblasts in diffusion chambers. Differentiation of osteogenic tissue within diffusion chambers fell into two categories: (1) Formation of bone in a fibrous layer surrounding cartilage; (2) intramembranous bone formed directly within fibrous tissue unassociated with cartilage. In both cases alkaline phosphatase activity appeared before the onset of mineralization, and decreased as the first signs of mineral became apparent. The present results suggest that postnatal marrow contains osteogenic precursors with the potential to differentiate via either of the two major paths followed during skeletal development in the embryo. Clonal analysis of the marrow stromal cell population will be required to clarify whether osteo-, chondro-, and fibrogenic cells are the products of one stromal cell line modulated by the microenvironment, or whether there are distinct cell lines for each type.read more
Citations
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In vitro chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells
TL;DR: A culture system that facilitates the chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells has been developed in this article, where cells obtained in bone marrow aspirates were first isolated by monolayer culture and then transferred into tubes and allowed to form three-dimensional aggregates in a chemically defined medium.
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Concise review: mesenchymal stem cells: their phenotype, differentiation capacity, immunological features, and potential for homing.
TL;DR: Harnessing the migratory potential of MSCs by modulating their chemokine‐chemokine receptor interactions may be a powerful way to increase their ability to correct inherited disorders of mesenchymal tissues or facilitate tissue repair in vivo.
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Osteogenic differentiation of purified, culture‐expanded human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro
TL;DR: In this paper, a reproducible system for the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was presented. But the authors did not consider the effect of changes in the microenvironment upon the process.
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Cardiomyocytes can be generated from marrow stromal cells in vitro
Shinji Makino,Keiichi Fukuda,Shunichirou Miyoshi,Fusako Konishi,Hiroaki Kodama,Jing Pan,Motoaki Sano,Toshiyuki Takahashi,Shingo Hori,Hitoshi Abe,Jun-ichi Hata,Akihiro Umezawa,Satoshi Ogawa +12 more
TL;DR: Analysis of the isoform of contractile protein genes, such as myosin heavy chain, myos in light chain, and alpha-actin, indicated that their muscle phenotype was similar to that of fetal ventricular cardiomyocytes.
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Bone Marrow Stromal Stem Cells: Nature, Biology, and Potential Applications
TL;DR: Bone marrow stromal cells are progenitors of skeletal tissue components such as bone, cartilage, the hematopoiesis‐supporting stroma, and adipocytes and represent an important paradigm of post‐natal nonhematopoietic stem cells, and an easy source for potential therapeutic use.
References
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The histogenesis of cartilage and bone in the long bones of the embryonic fowl
TL;DR: The development and cytology of cartilage and bone in the limbs from the fifty‐second hour of incubation to the first day after hatching are described.
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The hematopoietic microenvironment of the bone marrow: An ultrastructural study of the stroma in rats
TL;DR: The stroma and vascular sinuses are described by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and in freeze‐fracture etch replicas in normal rat femoral marrow and in rats made eosinophilic by larvae of trichinella spiralis.