Bone Marrow Stromal Stem Cells: Nature, Biology, and Potential Applications
TLDR
Bone marrow stromal cells are progenitors of skeletal tissue components such as bone, cartilage, the hematopoiesis‐supporting stroma, and adipocytes and represent an important paradigm of post‐natal nonhematopoietic stem cells, and an easy source for potential therapeutic use.Abstract:
Bone marrow stromal cells are progenitors of skeletal tissue components such as bone, cartilage, the hematopoiesis-supporting stroma, and adipocytes. In addition, they may be experimentally induced to undergo unorthodox differentiation, possibly forming neural and myogenic cells. As such, they represent an important paradigm of post-natal nonhematopoietic stem cells, and an easy source for potential therapeutic use. Along with an overview of the basics of their biology, we discuss here their potential nature as components of the vascular wall, and the prospects for their use in local and systemic transplantation and gene therapy.read more
Citations
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Mesenchymal stem cells reside in virtually all post-natal organs and tissues
TL;DR: The results suggest that the distribution of MSCs throughout the post-natal organism is related to their existence in a perivascular niche, which has implications for understanding MSC biology, and for clinical and pharmacological purposes.
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Bone marrow stromal cells attenuate sepsis via prostaglandin E(2)-dependent reprogramming of host macrophages to increase their interleukin-10 production.
Krisztián Németh,Asada Leelahavanichkul,Peter S.T. Yuen,Balázs Mayer,Alissa Parmelee,Kent Doi,Pamela Gehron Robey,Kantima Leelahavanichkul,Beverly H. Koller,Jared M. Brown,Xuzhen Hu,Ivett Jelinek,Robert A. Star,Eva Mezey +13 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that cultured, banked human BMSCs may be effective in treating sepsis in high-risk patient groups because they have been successfully given to humans and can easily be cultured and might be used without human leukocyte antigen matching.
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Stem Cell Properties of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells
Stan Gronthos,Jaime S. Brahim,W. Li,Larry W. Fisher,Natasha Cherman,Alan Boyde,Pamela DenBesten,P. Gehron Robey,Songtao Shi +8 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that DPSCs possess stem-cell-like qualities, including self-renewal capability and multi-lineage differentiation, including single-colony-derived DPSC strains that differ from each other with respect to their rate of odontogenesis.
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Concise review: mesenchymal stem/multipotent stromal cells: the state of transdifferentiation and modes of tissue repair--current views.
TL;DR: Critically evaluate the literature describing the plasticity of MSCs and offer insight into how the molecular and functional heterogeneity of this cell population, which reflects the complexity of marrow stroma as an organ system, may confound interpretation of their transdifferentiation potential.
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Bone Tissue Engineering: Recent Advances and Challenges
TL;DR: The fundamentals of bone tissue engineering are discussed, highlighting the current state of this field, and the recent advances of biomaterial and cell-based research, as well as approaches used to enhance bone regeneration.
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