Formation of single charged drops in liquid media under a uniform electric field

TLDR: In this paper, the volume and charge of water drops formed in a uniform electric field (0-4 kV/cm) have been measured in cyclohexane, toluene, insulating oil and three kinds of silicone oils as continuous phase.

Abstract: Volumes and charges of water drops formed in a uniform electric field (0-4 kV/cm) have been measured in cyclohexane, toluene, insulating oil and three kinds of silicone oils as continuous phase. Effects of nozzle length extended from an electrode, flow rate of dispersed phase and liquid viscosity of continuous phase on the volume and the charge are examined. Experimental values are compared with those calculated by equations presented. It is clarified that experimental volumes of the drops formed in a liquid having viscosity up to ten centipoises can be predicted by the presented equation. The experimental drop charges at low flow rates of dispersed phase are also represented by the equation. In a range of high flow rates of dispersed phase, however, a sudden decrease of charge has been observed.