Journal ArticleDOI
Heresy, orthodoxy, and the politics of science
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TLDR
The contemporary response of Neo-Darwinists to the heretical challenges of scientific creationism is an instance of this heresy-orthodoxy dialectic as mentioned in this paper, as well as the reaction of the mainstream to the crisis of heresy as a ritual for collective anxiety.Abstract:
Heresy and orthodoxy are two sides of an interactive process by which institutional identities are formed. Heresy plays a central part in the emergence of orthodoxy by means of the rhetoric it evokes from institutional elites. The orthodox response provoked by the crisis of heresy solidifies authority, defines institutional boundaries, enhances group solidarity, and, as a ritual, becomes an outlet for collective anxiety. The contemporary response of Neo‐Darwinists to the heretical challenges of scientific creationism is an instance of this heresy‐orthodoxy dialectic.read more
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Manufactured Scientific Controversy: Science, Rhetoric, and Public Debate
TL;DR: The authors examines three cases that have been identified by scholars as “manufactured” scientific controversies, in which rhetors seek to promote or delay public policy by announcing that there is an ongoing scientific debate about a matter for which there is actually an overwhelming scientific consensus.
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The Public Understanding of Science--A Rhetorical Invention.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors contribute to the development of a rhetorical approach to the public understanding of science or science literacy, and argue that rhetoric promises an alternative approach to defici...
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The priestly voice
TL;DR: This article argued that public communication may be either priestly or bardic: the priestly voice is the voice of an institution calling proselytes into its ranks, while the bardical voice is a voice of its auditors, attempting to bring institutionally authorized meanings to an initiate audience.
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Golem science and the public understanding of science: from deficit to dilemma:
TL;DR: The authors argue that the "flip-flop" view set forth by Collins and Pinch is a deficit model that positions the public as sociologically incompetent, and that this dilemma is an outcome of a deeper tension within science between the universal status of knowledge claims and the particular, human conditions of knowledge production.
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The rhetoric of expertise: E. O. Wilson and sociobiology
John Lyne,Henry F. Howe +1 more
TL;DR: In contrast to the "structural account" of scientific expertise, which ties the expert's discourse closely to disciplinary constraints, the authors develops a "rhetorical account", showing how experts can move fluidly among disciplinary criteria and use paradigms more as strategies than constraints.
References
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The structure of scientific revolutions
TL;DR: The structure of scientific revolutions (1962) / Thomas Samuel Kuhn (1922-1996) is a book about the history of science and its discontents.
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The Social Construction of Reality
TL;DR: Scheleris et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed a sociologijos disciplinos raida, which is a discipline for sociologists to discipline themselves in the discipline of social sciences.
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The division of labor in society
TL;DR: The Division of Labor as discussed by the authors is one of the cornerstone texts of the sociological canon and has been updated and re-translated in this new edition, the first since 1984, by worldrenowned Durkheim scholar Steven Lukes revisits and revises the original translation to enhance clarity, accuracy, and fluency for the contemporary reader.
The structure of scientific revolutions
TL;DR: The Structure of Scientific Revolutions as mentioned in this paper is a seminal work in the history of science and philosophy of science, and it has been widely cited as a major source of inspiration for the present generation of scientists.
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Boundary-Work and the Demarcation of Science from Non-Science: Strains and Interests in Professional Ideologies of Scientists
TL;DR: The demarcation of science from other intellectual activities is an analytic problem for philosophers and sociologists and is examined as a practical problem for scientists in this article, where a set of characteristics available for ideological attribution to science reflect ambivalences or strains within the institution: science can be made to look empirical or theoretical, pure or applied.