Journal ArticleDOI
How Can International Organizations Shape National Welfare States? Evidence From Compliance With European Union Directives
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In this article, the authors examined the implementation of European Union social policy directives through a new quantitative data set and qualitative case studies of Greece and Spain, concluding that international organizations can shape national social policies by reorienting the axes of contestation from left-right to supranational-subnational.Abstract:
How can international organizations shape national welfare states? The answer depends on why national governments comply with international organization mandates. Enforcement theories predict that states’ policy preferences determine implementation, whereas managerial theories attribute noncompliance to states’ capability limitations and to institutions. This article derives specific compliance mechanisms from these theories and examines the implementation of European Union social policy directives through a new quantitative data set and qualitative case studies of Greece and Spain. Countries whose preferences diverge from social policy directives, specifically countries lacking related early national legislation, and countries with low labor costs, delay implementation. However, delays from capability limitations are much greater—poor bureaucracies, federal states, coalition governments, and parliaments that do not prepare for directives cause big delays. These findings suggest that international organizations can shape national social policies by reorienting the axes of contestation from left-right to supranational-subnational.read more
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Implementing and complying with EU governance outputs
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors take stock of the literature on how European Union policies are being put into practice by the member states, and summarize the most important theoretical, empirical and methodological lessons to be drawn from existing studies, and discuss promising avenues for future research.
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Obstinate and Inefficient: Why Member States Do Not Comply With European Law
TL;DR: In this article, the authors draw on three prominent approaches widely used in the compliance literature: enforcement, management, and legitimacy, and empirically test their hypotheses using a comprehensive data set of more than 6,300 violations of European law.
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I need time!: Exploring pathways to compliance under institutional complexity
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined responses to institutional complexity by analyzing when and how organizations respond to a coercive institutional demand from a powerful constituent when other important constituents do not accept the demand as legitimate.
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Codes in Context: How States, Markets, and Civil Society Shape Adherence to Global Labor Standards
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conduct a large-scale comparative study using tens of thousands of codes of conduct audits from one of the world's largest social auditors to determine what constellation of international, domestic, civil society, and market institutions promote compliance with the global labor standards embodied in codes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Problems of Operationalization and Data in EU Compliance Research
Miriam Hartlapp,Gerda Falkner +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the challenges of operationalizing and of choosing adequate indicators for the dependent variable (compliance), and discuss the promises and perils of different types of data used in the field, such as official statistics on notifications and infringements published by the European Commission.
References
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Book
The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism
TL;DR: In this paper, Esping-Andersen distinguishes three major types of welfare state, connecting these with variations in the historical development of different Western countries, and argues that current economic processes such as those moving toward a post-industrial order are shaped not by autonomous market forces but by the nature of states and state differences.
Regression models and life tables (with discussion
TL;DR: The drum mallets disclosed in this article are adjustable, by the percussion player, as to balance, overall weight, head characteristics and tone production of the mallet, whereby the adjustment can be readily obtained.
Journal ArticleDOI
Political Science and the Three New Institutionalisms
TL;DR: The term "New Institutionalism" is a term that now appears with growing frequency in political science as mentioned in this paper, and there is considerable confusion about just what the new institutionalism is, how it differs from other approaches, and what sort of promise or problems it displays.
Book
After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy
TL;DR: Keohane as discussed by the authors analyzes the institutions, or "international regimes", through which cooperation has taken place in the world political economy and describes the evolution of these regimes as American hegemony has eroded.