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In-kind finance: a theory of trade credit

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TLDR
In this paper, the authors argue that it is typically less profitable for an opportunistic borrower to divert inputs than to divert cash, and that suppliers may lend more liberally than banks.
Abstract
It is typically less profitable for an opportunistic borrower to divert inputs than to divert cash. Therefore, suppliers may lend more liberally than banks. This simple argument is at the core of our contract theoretic model of trade credit in competitive markets. The model implies that trade credit and bank credit can be either complements or substitutes. Among other things, the model explains why trade credit has short maturity, why trade credit is more prevalent in less developed credit markets, and why accounts payable of large unrated firms are more countercyclical than those of small firms.

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Coal Companies’ Trade Credit Policy

Maria Sierpińska
- 10 Sep 2020 - 
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present issues related to the use of trade credit by coal companies during the 2014-2016 downturn and the upturn of 2017-2018 in the coal industry.

Effect of collateral floors on collateral setting in adverse selection credit markets

J.T. Jacobs
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze the credit market using a model of asymmetric information and find that when borrowers tend to always switch to competitor lenders, a pure strategy equilibrium arises.
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Capital Insufficiencies, Absortion Role of Management Inefficiencies and Financial Distress (or Bankruptcy) Probabilities – A Panel Data Probit Analysis from European Western Countries

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed financial distress probability supported by two proxies defined by short and long term capital insufficiencies as dependent variables, namely, short term financing and trade credit risk taking associated with different coverage ratios.
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References
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Determinants of corporate borrowing

TL;DR: In this article, the authors predict that corporate borrowing is inversely related to the proportion of market value accounted for by real options and rationalize other aspects of corporate borrowing behavior, such as the practice of matching maturities of assets and debt liabilities.
Posted Content

What Do We Know About Capital Structure? Some Evidence from International Data

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the determinants of capital structure choice by analyzing the financing decisions of public firms in the major industrialized countries and find that factors identified by previous studies as important in determining the cross-section of the capital structure in the U.S. affect firm leverage in other countries as well.
MonographDOI

Firms, contracts, and financial structure

Oliver Hart
- 05 Oct 1995 - 
TL;DR: In this article, a general model of the firm is developed, and then the financial structure of firms, debt collecting and bankruptcy is analyzed in greater depth, and the authors contribute to contact theory as developed in economic analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Effect of Credit Market Competition on Lending Relationships

TL;DR: The authors showed that the extent of competition in credit markets is important in determining the value of lending relationships and that creditors are more likely to finance credit constrained firms when credit markets are concentrated because it is easier for these creditors to internalize the benefits of assisting the firms.
Journal ArticleDOI

A more complete conceptual framework for SME finance

TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a more complete conceptual framework for analysis of SME credit availability issues, and emphasize a causal chain from policy to financial structures, which affect the feasibility and profitability of different lending technologies.
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