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In-kind finance: a theory of trade credit

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TLDR
In this paper, the authors argue that it is typically less profitable for an opportunistic borrower to divert inputs than to divert cash, and that suppliers may lend more liberally than banks.
Abstract
It is typically less profitable for an opportunistic borrower to divert inputs than to divert cash. Therefore, suppliers may lend more liberally than banks. This simple argument is at the core of our contract theoretic model of trade credit in competitive markets. The model implies that trade credit and bank credit can be either complements or substitutes. Among other things, the model explains why trade credit has short maturity, why trade credit is more prevalent in less developed credit markets, and why accounts payable of large unrated firms are more countercyclical than those of small firms.

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Informal borrowing sources and uses: insights from the North West Region, Cameroon

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse the informal borrowing sources of the poor as well as the purposes for borrowing and find that the obsession on characterising the poor to be financially excluded fails to grasp their...
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Trade credit dynamics during the phases of the business cycle – a value chain perspective

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide evidence of how the business cycle affects net-trade-credit and its components in firms on different tiers of the value chain, including retail, wholesale and two consecutive manufacturing tiers.
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An analysis of access to credit markets and the performance of small scale agro- based enterprises in the niger delta region of nigeria

TL;DR: In this paper, a multistage sampling technique was adopted in selecting 264 and 96 agro-based enterprises that accessed informal and formal credit respectively through the use of structured questionnaire and oral interview.
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The commitment problem of secured lending

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a new theory of trade credit in which firms buy inputs on credit from suppliers to restore the benefits of secured bank financing impaired by contract incompleteness.
References
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Determinants of corporate borrowing

TL;DR: In this article, the authors predict that corporate borrowing is inversely related to the proportion of market value accounted for by real options and rationalize other aspects of corporate borrowing behavior, such as the practice of matching maturities of assets and debt liabilities.
Posted Content

What Do We Know About Capital Structure? Some Evidence from International Data

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the determinants of capital structure choice by analyzing the financing decisions of public firms in the major industrialized countries and find that factors identified by previous studies as important in determining the cross-section of the capital structure in the U.S. affect firm leverage in other countries as well.
MonographDOI

Firms, contracts, and financial structure

Oliver Hart
- 05 Oct 1995 - 
TL;DR: In this article, a general model of the firm is developed, and then the financial structure of firms, debt collecting and bankruptcy is analyzed in greater depth, and the authors contribute to contact theory as developed in economic analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Effect of Credit Market Competition on Lending Relationships

TL;DR: The authors showed that the extent of competition in credit markets is important in determining the value of lending relationships and that creditors are more likely to finance credit constrained firms when credit markets are concentrated because it is easier for these creditors to internalize the benefits of assisting the firms.
Journal ArticleDOI

A more complete conceptual framework for SME finance

TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a more complete conceptual framework for analysis of SME credit availability issues, and emphasize a causal chain from policy to financial structures, which affect the feasibility and profitability of different lending technologies.
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