Insulin resistance in pregnant women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome, and measures of body composition in offspring at birth and three years of age.
Sara Kristín Finnbogadóttir,Dorte Glintborg,Tina Kold Jensen,Henriette Boye Kyhl,Ellen A. Nohr,Marianne Andersen +5 more
TLDR
The impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on body composition in offspring at birth and at three years of age is explored and insulin resistance in pregnant women with and without the syndrome is compared.Abstract:
Introduction
Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with obesity and insulin resistance in the non-pregnant state, but little is known about insulin sensitivity in the pregnant state. Our objective was to compare insulin resistance in pregnant women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome and explore the impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on body composition in offspring at birth and at three years of age.
Material and methods
A prospective cohort study including 2548 live-born singleton mother–child pairs residing in Odense municipality, Denmark, during 2010–2013. Of the 2548 women, 241 (9.4%) had polycystic ovary syndrome.
Results
Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance assessments were comparable in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome. However, the subgroup of overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome had significantly higher levels of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance than overweight women without polycystic ovary syndrome (mean ± 2 SD): 4.4 (3.1) vs. 3.6 (3.4), p = 0.004. Maternal polycystic ovary syndrome did not affect offspring birthweight after accounting for age. However, polycystic ovary syndrome, adjusted for maternal body mass index, was associated with increased body mass index at three years of age (mean ± 2 SD): 16.0 (2.2) vs. 15.7 (2.1) kg/m2, p = 0.04.
Conclusion
In our cohort, maternal polycystic ovary syndrome was not associated with insulin resistance after correcting for body mass index and was not an independent predictor of offspring birthweight. However, both polycystic ovary syndrome and high maternal body mass index may increase risk of childhood obesity at three years of age.read more
Citations
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Metformin Use in PCOS Pregnancies Increases the Risk of Offspring Overweight at 4 Years of Age: Follow-Up of Two RCTs.
Liv Guro Engen Hanem,Solhild Stridsklev,Petur Benedikt Juliusson,Øyvind Salvesen,Mathieu Roelants,Sven M. Carlsen,Rønnaug Ødegård,Eszter Vanky +7 more
TL;DR: Metformin-exposed children had higher BMI and increased prevalence of overweight/obesity at 4 years of age and head circumference at 1 year of age, converted to z scores.
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Does One Size Fit All? A Challenge to Uniform Worldwide Diagnostic Thresholds
H. David McIntyre,Dorte Møller Jensen,Dorte Møller Jensen,Richard Christian Jensen,Richard Christian Jensen,Henriette Boye Kyhl,Tina Kold Jensen,Dorte Glintborg,Dorte Glintborg,Marianne Andersen,Marianne Andersen +10 more
TL;DR: The WHO 2013 FVPG threshold for GDM is unsuitable for Denmark and inappropriately labels as having GDM an unmanageably large number of women who are at low absolute risk of pregnancy complications.
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Screening and Diagnosis
TL;DR: All postpartum doulas or mother assistants should be knowledgeable about PPMD, as home healthcare workers and WIC visits can be an opportunity to explore the mother’s feelings and experiences.
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Polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperglycaemia in pregnancy. A narrative review and results from a prospective Danish cohort study
Camilla Viola Buskbjerg Palm,Dorte Glintborg,Henriette Boye Kyhl,H. David McIntyre,Richard Christian Jensen,Tina Kold Jensen,Dorte Møller Jensen,Marianne Andersen +7 more
TL;DR: Original data from Odense Child Cohort (OCC) supported that higher BMI, higher age, Asian ethnicity, and fertility treatment increased the risk of GDM in PCOS, but PCOS may not be an individual risk factor for GDM.
References
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Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome
TL;DR: Since the 1990 NIH-sponsored conference on polycystic ovary syndrome, it has become appreciated that the syndrome encompasses a broader spectrum of signs and symptoms of ovarian dysfunction than those defined by the original diagnostic criteria.
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Fetal origins of adult disease: strength of effects and biological basis
TL;DR: The combination of small size at birth and during infancy, followed by accelerated weight gain from age 3 to 11 years, predicts large differences in the cumulative incidence of CHD, type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
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The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in a community sample assessed under contrasting diagnostic criteria
Wendy A. March,Vivienne M. Moore,Kristyn Willson,David I. W. Phillips,Robert J. Norman,Michael J. Davies +5 more
TL;DR: The Rotterdam and AES prevalence estimates were up to twice that obtained with the NIH criteria in this, as well as other prevalence studies, drawing attention to the issue of many women with PCOS in the community remaining undiagnosed.