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International Expansion of Telecommunication Carriers: The Influence of Market Structure, Network Characteristics, and Entry Imperfections

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TLDR
In this paper, the authors examine the internationalization process of telecommunication carriers and argue that early entrants gain substantial first-mover advantages due to the transient nature of the windows of market opportunity, and the potential to influence the regulatory process as an incumbent.
Abstract
This paper examines the internationalization process of telecommunication carriers. In this industry, early entrants gain substantial first-mover advantages due to the transient nature of the windows of market opportunity, and the potential to influence the regulatory process as an incumbent. To capture these strategic and economic advantages, firms follow a strategy of preemption, both of markets and partners. The authors argue for the need to augment prevailing theory with contextual idiosyncrasies that characterize specific industries.

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Home country environments, corporate diversification strategies, and firm performance

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between corporate diversification strategies and firm performance and suggested that these relationships are related to home country environments and found that the relationships were related to the home country environment.
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The American Model of the Multinational Firm and the “New” Multinationals From Emerging Economies

TL;DR: In the last two decades, new MNEs from emerging, upper-middle-income, or oil-rich countries have followed completely different patterns of international expansion as mentioned in this paper, and to what extent we need a new theory to explain their international growth.

The American Model of the Multinational Firm and the "New" Multinationals From Emerging

TL;DR: In the last two decades, new MNEs from emerging, upper-middle-income, or oil-rich countries have followed completely different patterns of international expansion as discussed by the authors, and to what extent we need a new theory to explain their international growth.
Journal ArticleDOI

International Diversification: Antecedents, Outcomes, and Moderators:

TL;DR: In this article, a conceptual model groups key relationships, including antecedents, environmental factors, performance and process outcomes, moderators, and the characteristics of international diversification, and synthesize intellectual contributions, highlight unresolved issues, and provide recommendations for future research.
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Alliance Competence, Resources, and Alliance Success: Conceptualization, Measurement, and Initial Test:

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the effect of an alliance competence on resource-based alliance success and found that an alliance's competence contributes to alliance success, both directly and through the acquisition and creation of resources.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The Internationalization Process of the Firm - A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments

TL;DR: In this paper, a model of the internationalization process of a firm focusing on the gradual acquisition, integration and use of knowledge about foreign markets and operations, and on the incrementally increasing commitments to foreign markets is developed.
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The Effect of National Culture on the Choice of Entry Mode

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the influence of national culture on the choice of entry modes in the United States market by analysing data on 228 entries into the market by acquisition, wholly owned greenfield and joint venture.
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The Eclectic Paradigm of International Production: A Restatement and Some Possible Extensions

TL;DR: The authors reviewed some of the criticisms directed towards the eclectic paradigm of international production over the past decade, and restates its main tenets, concluding that it remains a robust general framework for explaining and analysing not only the economic rationale of economic production but many organisational and impact issues in relation to MNE activity as well.
Book

The future of the multinational enterprise

TL;DR: A long-run theory of the multinational enterprise alternative theories of the Multinational Enterprise has been proposed in this article, and the World's Largest Firms Predictions and Policy Implications Index has been developed.
Journal ArticleDOI

First‐mover advantages

TL;DR: Theoretical and empirical literature on mechanisms that confer advantages and disadvantages on first-mover firms are surveyed and recommendations are given for future research.
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