scispace - formally typeset
Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

N-acetyltransferase gene polymorphisms & plasma isoniazid concentrations in patients with tuberculosis.

TLDR
Genotyping of TB patients from south India for NAT2 gene polymorphism revealed that 58 per cent of the study population comprised slow acetylators, and two-hour INH concentrations differed significantly among the three genotypes.
Abstract
Background & objectives: Variations in the N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) gene among different populations could affect the metabolism and disposition of isoniazid (INH) This study was performed to genotype NAT2 gene polymorphisms in tuberculosis (TB) patients from Chennai, India, and compare plasma INH concentrations among the different genotypes Methods: Adult patients with TB treated in the Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP) in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, were genotyped for NAT2 gene polymorphism, and two-hour post-dosing INH concentrations were compared between the different genotypes Plasma INH was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography Genotyping of the NAT2 gene polymorphism was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction method Results: Among the 326 patients genotyped, there were 189 (58%), 114 (35%) and 23 (7%) slow, intermediate and fast acetylators, respectively The median two-hour INH concentrations in slow, intermediate and fast acetylators were 102, 81 and 41 μg/ml, respectively The differences in INH concentrations among the three genotypes were significant (P Interpretation & conclusions: Genotyping of TB patients from south India for NAT2 gene polymorphism revealed that 58 per cent of the study population comprised slow acetylators Two-hour INH concentrations differed significantly among the three genotypes

read more

Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Current research toward optimizing dosing of first-line antituberculosis treatment.

TL;DR: Based on population pharmacokinetic models and the weight, height, and sex distributions in a large data base of African tuberculosis patients, a proposed simplified weight-based doses of the available fixed dose combination (FDC) for adults with drug susceptible tuberculosis are proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Sexual Dimorphism in Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics

TL;DR: Sex and gender-based differences in the metabolism of drugs exist at various levels and it may be due to the genomic and non-genomic action of sex hormones.
Journal ArticleDOI

Population Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antituberculosis Drugs in Vietnamese Children with Tuberculous Meningitis.

TL;DR: Investigation of the pharmacokinetic properties of isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol in Vietnamese children with TBM suggested higher doses of rifampsin could be considered, but further studies are needed to establish the safety and efficacy of increased dosing.
Journal ArticleDOI

Analytical and Omics-Based Advances in the Study of Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the analytical techniques that can be applied to characterise and investigate the biological mechanisms of DILI and potential predictive biomarkers, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics.
Journal ArticleDOI

Altered expressions of circulating microRNAs 122 and 192 during antitubercular drug induced liver injury indicating their role as potential biomarkers.

TL;DR: In this article, the importance of microRNAs 122 and 192 in the detection of drug-induced liver damage was assessed. But the authors did not consider the effect of microRNA on the development of the disease.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI

Therapeutic drug monitoring in the treatment of tuberculosis: an update

TL;DR: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) remains a standard clinical technique for using plasma drug concentrations to determine dose, and under ‘real–life’ circumstances is the best available tool for sorting out these multi-drug interactions, and for providing the patient safe and adequate doses.
Journal ArticleDOI

Should We Use N-Acetyltransferase Type 2 Genotyping To Personalize Isoniazid Doses?

TL;DR: Assessment of individual isoniazid exposure based on NAT2 genotype to predict a personalized therapeutic dose found that current standard doses presumably appropriate for patients with one high-activity NAT2 allele may be decreased or increased by approximately 50% for Patients with no or two such alleles, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI

Pharmacokinetics of isoniazid metabolism in man.

TL;DR: Detailed pharmacokinetic studies undertaken on a slow and a rapid acetylator of isoniazid enabled approximate first-order rate constants to be calculated for the metabolic processes involved in the conversion of isonicotinic acid to acetylisoniazid, isonicotinylglycine, monoacetylHydrazine, and diacetylhydrazine and their excretion in the urine.
Journal ArticleDOI

NAT2 polymorphisms and susceptibility to anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: a meta-analysis.

TL;DR: This meta-analysis showed that tuberculosis patients with slow acetylators had a higher risk of ATLI than other acetylator patients, and screening of patients for the NAT2 genetic polymorphisms will be useful for the clinical prediction and prevention of AtLI.
Related Papers (5)